POLYNESIAN DICTIONARY

The aim of this dictionary is to list words (and meanings) which are (or presumably are) important for translating the rongorongo texts.

As the culture of the Polynesians seems to be more or less the same all over the vast Pacific, not only the words of Easter Island but also words from all the dialects of the Polynesian language are included.

When a word includes a glottal stop ('), I have disregarded it when sorting the words into alphabetical order.

Words (also English ones) are quickly found if you use the search function of your computer.

Á. 1. Á or also just a, article often used preceding proper names and used in the meaning of 'son of...': Hei á Paega, Hei, son of Paenga. 2. Very common abbreviation of the particle ana, used following verbs: ku-oti-á = ku-oti-ana; peira-á = peira-ana. 3. (Also á-á.) Exclamation expressing surprise or joy, which can also be used as a verb: he-aha-koe, e-á-ana? what's happening with you, that you should exclaim 'ah'? He tu'u au e-tahi raá ki te hare o Eva i Puapae. I-ûi-mai-era ki a au, he-á-á-mai, he-tagi-mai 'ka-ohomai, e repa ê'. one day I came to Eva's house in Puapae. Upon seeing me she exclaimed: 'ah, ah' and she said, crying: 'Welcome, lad'. Vanaga.

1. To raise; aaru ki te rima, to raise the arm. 2. (haruharu, aruaru). Churchill.

Agahuru (hagahuru, hagauru). Agai (hagai). Agatahi (aga-tahi) one, (hagatahi); agatahi ahi atu, day before yesterday; hagatahi ahi, yesterday. Churchill.

Gaaha, to burst, to become ruptured, to have a discharge of pus, of blood. Ku gaaha te toto o te ihu. He had a nose-bleed. E û'i koe o gaaha te îpu. Be careful not to break the bottle (lit. look out lest the bottle burst). E tiaki á au mo gaaha mai o te harakea. I shall wait for the abcess to burst. Gaatu, totora reed. Vanaga.

To break, to split, to crack, to rive; fracture, fissure, break, crack, crevice (gaaha); niho gaa, toothache, broken teeth; gaamiro (miro, ship) shipwreck; gaàpu (pu 2), abortion; poki gaàpu, abortive child. T Mq.: naha, nafa, split, fissure. Ta.: aha, afa, crack fissure. Gaatu 1. Bulrush, reed. 2. (gatu).  Churchill.

1. Candle, stove, fire (vahi); ahi hakapura, match; ahi hakagaiei, firebrand waved as a night signal. P Mgv.: ahi, fire, flame. Mq.: ahi, fire, match, percussion cap. Ta.: ahi, fire, percussion cap, wick, stove. 2. To be night; agatahi ahi atu, day before yesterday. 3. Pau.: ahi, sandalwood. Ta.: ahi, id. Mq.: auahi, a variety of breadfruit. Sa.: asi, sandalwood. Ha.: ili-ahi, id. Ahiahi, afternoon, night; kai ahiahi, supper. P Pau., Mgv., Mq., Ta.: ahiahi, afternoon, evening. Ahipipi (ahi 1 - pipi 2) a spark, to flash. Churchill.

1. To transfer, to transplant, to take up by the roots. 2. To puff up, to swell, a swelling, protuberance; gutu ahu, swollen lips; ahuahu, to swell, plump, elephantiasis, dropsy; ahuahu pupuhi, amplitude; manava ahuahu, indigestion. 3. Paralysis. 4. A carved god of dancing, brought forth only on rare occasions and held of great potency. Ahuahu, inflammation. Ahukarukaru (ahu 2 - karukaru), dropsy. Churchill.

1. (Ko ai) Who, which. 2. Then. 3. Consequence. 4. (Hai). Churchill.

1. Root; aka totoro, to take root. P Pau., Mq.: aka, root. Ta.: aa, id. 2. (āka) anchor. 3. Causative (haka). Churchill.

Song. Ako hakaha'uru poki = 'song to make children sleep'. Barthel.

Ákoáko, to recite hymns in honour of a deity. Vanaga.

1. Ball. 2. Dorado. 3. To swallow; akuaku, noise when swallowing. Churchill.

1. Ambition. 2. Soul, shade, ghost, specter, immaterial, spiritual. Churchill.

The spiritual component of a person after he or she has died, i.e. his or her 'ghost'. Bierbach

a. To rub, to scrub. b. To sharpen, to put an edge on. c. To brush, to daub, to paint, to grease, to anoint. Churchill.

1. A yoke, to carry; amoga, burden, load.  2. To bend, to beat a path. Churchill.

Âmo. 1. To clean, to clean oneself: he-âmo i te umu, to clean the earth oven; ka-âmo te hare, ka haka-maitaki, clean the house, make it good; he-âmo i te ariga, to clean one's face wetting it with one's hand. 2. Clear; ku-âmo-á te ragi, the sky is clear. 3. To slip, to slide, to glide (see pei-âmo). Ámoámo, to lick up, to lap up, to dry; to slap one's body dry (after swimming or bathing): he-âmoâmo i te vaihai rima. Vanaga.

Amoamo. 1. To feed, to graze. 2. To spread, to stretch (used of keete). Churchill.

1. Cave, grotto, hole in the rock. 2. In order that, if. 3. Particle (na 5); garo atu ana, formerly; mee koe ana te ariki, the Lord be with thee. PS Sa.: na, an intensive postpositive particle. Anake, unique. T Pau.: anake, unique, to be alone. Mgv.: anake, alone, single, only, solely. Mq.: anake, anaé, id. Ta.: anae, all, each, alone, unique. Anakena, July. Ananake, common, together, entire, entirely, at once, all, general, unanimous, universal, without distinction, whole, a company; piri mai te tagata ananake, public; kite aro o te mautagata ananake, public; mea ananake, impartial; koona ananake, everywhere. Churchill.

Splendor; a name applied in the Society Islands to ten conspicious stars which served as pillars of the sky. Ana appears to be related to the Tuamotuan ngana-ia, 'the heavens'. Henry translates ana as aster, star. The Tahitian conception of the sky as resting on ten star pillars is unique and is doubtless connected with their cosmos of ten heavens. The Hawaiians placed a pillar (kukulu) at the four corners of the earth after Egyptian fashion; while the Maori and Moriori considered a single great central pillar as sufficient to hold up the heavens. It may be recalled that the Moriori Sky-propper built up a single pillar by placing ten posts one on top of the other. Makemson.

1. Command, power, mandate, reign: tagata ao, person in power, in command, ruler. 2. Dusk, nightfall. 3. Ao nui, midnight. 4. Ao popohaga, the hours between midnight and dawn. Aô, to serve (food); ku-âo-á te kai i ruga i te kokohu, the food is served on a platter. Vanaga.

1. Authority, kingdom, dignity, government, reign (aho); topa kia ia te ao, reign; hakatopa ki te ao, to confer rank; ao ariki, royalty; ka tu tokoe aho, thy kingdom come. PS Mgv.: ao, government, reign. Mq.: ao, government, reign, command. Sa.: ao, a title of chiefly dignity; aoao, excellent, surpassing, supreme. 2. Spoon; ao oone, shovel. 3. Dancing club T. 3. Aonui (ao-nui 2), midnight. 4. Pau.: ao, the world. Mgv.: ao, id. Ta.: ao, id. Mq.: aomaama, id. Ma.: ao, id. 5. Pau.: ao, happy, prosperity. Mgv.: ao, tranquil conscience. Ta.: ao, happiness. 6. Mgv.: ao, cloud, mist. Ta.: ao, id. Mq.: ao, id. Sa.: ao, cloud. Ma.: ao, id. 7. Mgv.: ao, hibiscus. 8. Ta.: ao, day. Mq.: ao, day from dawn to dark. Sa.: ao, id. Ma.: ao, id. 9. Ta.: ao, a bird. Ha.: ao, id. 10. Mq.: ao, respiration, breath. Ha.: aho, breath. 11. Mq.: ao, to collect with hand or net. Sa.: ao, to gather. Ma.: ao, to collect. Ta.: aoaia, to collect food and other things with care. Churchill.

1. Path, trail, road, way. 2. a. To awake, to arouse; veve ara, to awaken; hakaara, to arouse, to excite. b. To be awake; hakaara, to be awake; ara no, insomnia, sleeplessness. c. To watch, to guard; tagata ara, sentinel. Churchill.

To dig, to excavate. Churchill.

Face, aspect, expression, mien, visage, stature, superficies. T Ma.: aria, to resemble. Hakaariga, to encroach. Churchill.

Ariari, sharp, the edge of a sword. Ta.: ariari, transparence, brightness. Ha.: aliali, white. Churchill.

Chief, king, lord, headman in general. Hakaariki, to make one a king. P Pau., Mgv.: ariki, chief. Mq.: aiki, id. Ta.: arii, id. The Marquesan use both aiki and hakaiki in the same sense; the latter forms with Mangarevan akariki a subordinate couple in Southeast Polynesia. Since akariki is the only form in Mangareva and the Marquesas have both we may regard this as indicative of the influence of Mangareva upon the Marquesas. In Tonga we find only eiki; the vowel change is quite in the Tongan manner, the dropping of the liquid is most unusual; the eiki form appears once more in Mangarevan ataeiki (also a language in which it is unusual to drop the liquid) in the sense 'to do nothing and to dress richly in a luxurious way'. Churchill.

Presence, body, frontispiece; ki te aro, face to face. P Pau.: aroga, the visage; ki te aroga, opposite. Mgv.: aro, presence, before; i te aro, in the presence of. Mq.: aó, face, in the presence of, before. Ta.: aro, face, front, presence, view. It is probable that more than one word is confounded in alo. The significations which appear in Southeast Polynesia are most likely derived from a Tongafiti alo and do not appear in Nuclear Polynesia. The alo belly and alo chief which do occur in Nuclear Polynesia are also probably Tongafiti, for in Samoa and Tonga they are honorific and applied only to folk of rank, a good indication of borrowing by the Proto-Samoans from Tongafiti masters. Churchill.

In the Hawaiian group, the western portion or side of an island was called 'the front', ke alo, of the land, and the eastern side was called 'the back', ke kua. The reason of such designations must be sought in the fact of the arrival of the inhabitants from the west. Fornander.

1. To pursue. P Mgv.: aruaru, to run after, to chase, to follow. Ta.: aruaru, to pursue. 2. To raise in waves, undulation. P Pau.: puhigaru, a bubble of water. Mgv.: garu, foam, froth. Mq.: naú, waves. Ta.: aru, billow, wave, flood. 3. (haruharu). Churchill.

Âta 1. Shadow: he-veveri te poki, ana tikea toona âta, the child is frightened at seeing his shadow; person's reflection (in mirror, in water): he âta oou-á, it's your own reflection. 2. To be frightened by a shadow: he-âta te îka, the fish are frightened (and they flee) by people's shadows. Vanaga.

1. Image, picture, portrait, design; to draw, to paint (shadow sense). P Mgv: ata, image, likeness, portrait, shadow of a human being, form, shape, appearance, imprint, impression. Mq.: ata, image, statue, portrait, shadow, surface; to design, to mark. Ta.: ata, shade, shadow appearance, form, representation of an object, cloud, cloudy. 2. Transparency, end of day, sunset (bright sense); e ata, red clouds; ku ata, transparent; ata mea, ata tea, ata tehe, dawn, daybreak, sunrise; ataata, end of day, sunset. P Mgv.: ata, morning or evening twilight, daybreak, dawn; ata haihai, evening twilight, a beautiful sunset; ataiai, twilight, clouds red with the sunset; atakurakura, a beautiful sunrise or sunset; atareureu, dawn, the first peep of day, morning twilight. Mq.: ata, to appear, to rise, to shine (of stars); ata uá, morning twilight; ataata, diaphanous, transparent. Ta.: ata, twilight. 3. A designation of space; ata hakahohonu, abyss; ata hakaneke mai, nearby, close at hand; ata tapa, lateral, marginal. 4 ? Ata kimikimi, to inquire; ata puo, to hill a plant; ata ui, to examine, to taste. Churchill.

Atahenua (ata 3 - henua 1), landscape, countryside. Atakai: 1. Generous, hospitable, beneficent, indulgent, liberal, obliging; prodigality, indulgence; rima atakai, benevolent, generous, open-handed; gift, liberality. 2. Calm, unperturbed, grateful. Churchill.

Ata-ta T, evening (? ataata). Atatehe (ata 2 - tehe 1), dawn; popohaga atatehe, morning, early in the morning. Churchill.

1. Liver, lung; mate ate, liver complaint. 2. A dance, to dance. Ateate, a. dear, attached, b. joy. Atehopo (ate 1, the liver as the seat of the intelligence - hopo) ambition, envy; avid, covetous, desirous, envious. Churchill.

Pau.: fakaatea, to remove, to put away. Ta.: atea, clear. Mq.: atea, id. Sa.: ateatea, wide, spacious. Ma.: atea, clear. Churchill.

Ta.: ati, inclosed, entangled. Mq.: kati, closed, embarrassed, plugged. To.: kajia, to obstruct. Ma.: kati, to block, to obstruct. Churchill.

1. a. Directive, of motion from the speaker. b. Somewhat expressive of the comparative degree. 2. Pupil; hakaatu, proof; hare hakaatuga, schoolhouse, class. 3. (hakaatu), to presage. 4. (hakaatu), mark, object. Churchill.

God, devil. T (etua). P Pau., Ta.: atua, god. Mgv.: etua, god, deity, divinity; to be wicked, to be full of wickedness. Mq.: etua, god, divinity. The comprehensiveness of the definition, and the same is found in the Maori, is a question of orthodoxy, merely a matter of the point of view. Of far more moment in our studies is the vowel variety of the initial syllable. Atua: Maori, Mangaia, Tahiti, Hawaii, Tongareva, Rapanui, Paumotu, Samoa, Futuna, Uvea, Niuē, Aniwa. Etua: Marquesas, Mangareva, Rapanui. Otua: Tonga. The Rotumā oiitu is probably referable to aitu. Churchill.

Mq.: atua, the fourteenth day of the moon. Ma.: atua, id. Churchill.

A'u 1. Birthing pains; matu'a a'u, biological mother (not adoptive); vi'e hakaa'u, midwife. 2. Vessel, cup (Tahitian word). Vanaga.

1. I (vau). P Mgv., Mq., Ta.: au, I. Ta.: vau, id. In its simplest Polynesian form this pronoun is compound, u being the element in which inheres the ego sense. We note here the occurrence of forms in which au is modified. The Maori has ahau, a composite of a and hau. The vau type is found in Rapanui, Paumotu and Tahiti, ovau in Tahiti and Paumotu, kovau in Rapanui, wau in Hawaii, owau in Hawaii, awau in the South Island Maori, avou in Aniwa. 2. The gall. P Mgv.: au, hau, eahu, gall. Mq., Ta.: au, id. The aspirated Mangarevan eahu may preserve a Proto-Samoan original, for we find ahu in Tonga and Niuē, two languages generally retentive of an original aspiration which has vanished from Samoan. 3. Vapor, smoke T. P Mgv.: ahu, au, cloud mist. Ta.: au, smoke vapor. Of the Proto-Samoan stem asu all the Tongafiti languages have lost the consonant, except for its interesting preservation as an alternative in Mangarevan, and all have lost the distinctive smoke sense. The attribution of smoke as a meaning in Rapanui we owe to an authority of the second rank, but taken with the form preservation in Mangarevan this sense retention is probable, and taken in coagmentation they bear upon the central theme of a Proto-Samoan migration onward to Southeast Polynesia. Auahi (au 3 - ahi 1), smoke; miro auahi, steamboat. Mgv.: auahi, smoke. Mq.: auahi, smoke, vapor. Ta.: auahi, fire. Churchill.

What is this cry which our primitive islanders share with the animals? Look at its elements, all full-throated. First we have a, the sound of mouth open, fauces open, lungs full of air. As air expires the sound recedes in the mouth towards the palate and we find the u. Last comes the conscious finish of the utterance, the muscles begin to retract, the sound-making point is forced forward and the sound is e. If the man had but a few more cubic centimeters of lung capacity he could attain cow volumne for his cry, or interjection, since it amounts to the same thing. Churchill 2.

When the new moon appeared women assembled and bewailed those who had died since the last one, uttering the following lament: 'Alas! O moon! Thou has returned to life, but our departed beloved ones have not. Thou has bathed in the waiora a Tane, and had thy life renewed, but there is no fount to restore life to our departed ones. Alas ... (Makemson)

Áva-áva. 1. To lift up. 2. to strike, to hit repeatedly; he-áva-áva i te koreha a ruga a te ma'ea, he struck the eel several times against a stone (to kill it). Vanaga.

1. a) Distance, distant; ava poto, a short distance. b) Space, interval. PS Mq.: ava, distance, space, interval. Ta.: ava, interval. The simpler form of the root is va, which is not found in Rapanui and Marquesan, and in Tahiti is narrowly restricted to the spacing of thatch, but in Nuclear Polynesia and in the Tongafiti migration [va] is expressive of the sense of distance and interval. In Samoa the same meaning is carried by an advanced form of the root, and ava in this sense is not found elsewhere. Its reappearance in these three languages of Southeast Polynesia points to a direct migration from Samoa. 2. Channel, strait, pass, passage, breach, entrance to a harbor. Avaava. 1. a) To strike, to slap, to grind, to dent. b) To correct, to maltreat, to exterminate. 2. Angle, chink. 3. Tobacco. In this nook of Polynesia tobacco and its common method of pleasurable use are alike imported. In Melanesia tobacco was indigenous but was employed for the business of medication and not to assuage the conditions of cannibal society. The leaves when fully grown were shredded, macerated and employed as a cataplasm. Applied upon the abdomen it was the principal agency in the production of emesis and catharsis. Applied secretly in axilla [arm-pit] it superinduced the ecstasy of the priest when in the trance of possession by his god. In Fiji it was used as an insecticide. Avahi, a wedge, to split; avahiga, part, partial; avahiga kore, inseparable. Avamouga (ava 1 - mouga 2), valley. Churchill.

T. A grave. Churchill.

1. By. 2. And. 3. Oh! 4. Yes. 5. Verb sign. 6. Negative verb sign; e maaa, inexperienced; ina e, negative sign; ina e rakerakega, innocent; ina e ko mou, incessant; e ko, not, except. 7. Wave. 8. Weak demonstrative, functioning as article. (Churchill)

To go out, to bring out; ea ki aho, to send away; raa ea mai, the sun rises; ka ea, be off. Churchill.

Firebrand. Ehuehu: 1. Ashes. P Mgv.: ehu, ashes, dust; rehu, a cinder, ashes. Mq.: ehuahi, ashes. Ta.: rehu, ashes, soot, any powder. 2. Brown, brownish. P Ta.: ehuehu, red, reddish. Ha.: kehu, red or sandy haired. Mq.: kehu, fair, blond. Mgv.: keukeu-kura, id. Ma.: kehu, reddish brown. Sa.: 'efu, id. To.: kefu, yellowish. Fu.: kefu, blond, red. Niuē: kefu, a disrespectful term of address. Ragi ehuehu, a cloudflecked sky. 3. Imperceptible. Churchill.

Pau.: kehu, flaxen-haired, blond. Ta.: ehu, reddish. Mq.: kehu, blond. Sa.: 'efu, reddish, brown. Mq.: kehukehu, twilight. Ha.: ehuehu, darkness arising from dust, fog, or vapor. Churchill.

Trestle, stilt; to mount a horse, to go aboard. Hakaeke, to cause to mount, to carry on a boat. P Pau.: fakaeke, to transport, to carry, to hang up. Mgv.: eke, to embark, to mount upon an elevation. Mq.: eke, to rise, to go aboard; hakaeke, to heap up, to put upon, to raise. Ta.: ee, to mount, to go aboard; faaee, to hang up, to transport by water. Churchill.

To break, to split, to crack, to rive; fracture, fissure, break, crack, crevice (gaaha); niho gaa, toothache, broken teeth; gaamiro (miro, ship) shipwreck; gaàpu (pu 2), abortion; poki gaàpu, abortive child. T Mq.: naha, nafa, split, fissure. Ta.: aha, afa, crack fissure. Gaatu 1. Bulrush, reed. 2. (gatu).  Churchill.

To faint, to fall in a swoon, death struggle. Gagata, crowd, multitude, people, population. Churchill.

Mgv.: A bird. Mq.: kaka, id. Churchill.

Pau.: Gagahere, herbs, grass. Ta.: aaihere, herbs, bush. Ma.: ngahere, forest. Pau.: Gagaoa, confused noise. Ta.: aaoaoa, noise of a rising assembly. Churchill.

... the progeny of Tu increased: Rongo, Tane, Tangaroa, Rongomai, Kahukura, Tiki, Uru, Ngangana, Io, Iorangi, Waiorangi, Tahu, Moko, Maroro, Wakehau, Tiki, Toi, Rauru, Whatonga - these were the sons ...(Moriori myth of creation accoding to Legends of the South Seas)

Neck, throat, (naho G); gao pukupuku, scrofula; hore te gao, to cut the head off; arakea gao, scrofula. Gaogao, calm. Gaoku, to eat greedily. Gaopu, to choke on a bone. Churchill.

Caesalpinia bonduc. The fibres were used as fasteners and the fruit as ornaments, and the plant also seems to have been used for medicinal purposes. Barthel 2.

1. Charcoal, powder used in tattooing, ink (garau); garau hiva, pitch. T Pau.: garahu, live coals. Mgv.: garahu, charcoal, soot; garahurahu, small pieces of charcoal. Mq.: kaáhu, charcoal, coal, soot, tattooing ink. Ta.:arahu, charcoal. 2. Mourning. Churchill.

To disappear, to stray, to omit, to lose oneself, to pass, absent, to founder, to drown, to sink; garo noa, to go away forever, to be rare; garo atu ana, formerly. Hakagaro, to cover with water; hakagaro te rakerakega, to pardon. Garoa, loss, absence, to be away, to drown, not comprehended, unitelligible. Garoaga, setting; garoaga raa, sunset, west. Garoraa, the sun half-set. Garovukua, to swallow up. Churchill.

1. To swim over the waves (see aruaru 2). P Mgv.: garu, foam, froth. Mq.: kaú, naútai, wave, billow. Pau.: puhi-garu, a bubble of water. In aruaru 2 is found another galu derivative. The sense of this garu is nowhere else encountered; the stem means simply the waves and involves no idea of swimming. We note, however, the Viti galo to swim; un uncertain identification. 2. Garu hoa, a friend of either sex. PS Sa.: galu, an number of young persons (galu teine, galu taulele'a). To.: ? gauta, many in number. Data fail for the comparison. The plural sense of the Samoan does not appear in Rapanui. The Tongan form involves the rather infrequent loss of an inner l and leaves the latter element ta unexplained. Garuru, headache, vertigo; puoko garuru, migraine. P Mgv.: garuru, nausea that persists. Mq.: naúú, kaúú, headache, migraine. Churchill.

Bulrush, reed. Gaatu (gatu) 1. To feel of, to pinch, to throttle with the hands, to touch, to press (gaatu); gatuga, pressure; gatugatu, to trample down. T Mgv.: natu, to press out linen, to squeeze a person or a sore place. Mq.: natu, to pinch. Ta.: natu, to pinch, to bruise. 2. To suppurate. 3. Gatu mai gatu atu, sodomy. Gatua (gatu 1), tractable, to press.  Churchill.

Scirpus riparius var. paschalis. Barthel 2.

Pau.: gogo, the navel and cord. Mgv.: gogo, id. 2. Mgv.: gogo, a conical hole. Ta.: oo, a large cavity. Ha.: no, a hole left to draw off water from taro patches. 3. Mgv.: gogo, thin cheeks, sunken eyes. Ta.: tu-oo, wasted away. Ma.: ngongo, emaciated. Churchill.

Sa.: ngongo, the tern (Sterna longipennis). To., Niuē; ngongo, the sea gull. Futuna: ngŏngŏ, the name of a bird. Vi.: ngongo, a sea bird. Churchill 2.

1. Four. P Mgv., Mq., Ta.: ha, id. 2. To yawn, to gape. 3. To heat. 4. Hakaha, to skin, to flay; unahi hakaha, to scale fish. Mgv.: akaha, to take to pieces, to take off the bark or skin, to strip the leaves off sugarcane. 5. Mgv: ha, sacred, prohibited. Mq.: a, a sacred spot. Sa.: sa, id.  Churchill.

1. Smoke with a foul smell. PS Sa.: saesae, to burn brightly. With form concord and so much of sense agreement as may inhere in the fact that this and the Samoan are fire words, perhaps the fact that hae can be associated with no other Polynesian stem may establish this identification. In Samoa the word has so far lost its meaning that it is rarely used alone but only in the determinant compound musaesae. There may be a sense-invert here, for such smoke could most readily come from a smoldering fire, the direct opposite of the Samoan sense. 2. Angry, jealous. Hakahae, to slander. T Pau., Ta.: hae, jealous. Mq.: hae, angry. Ma.. hae, jealous, envious. Churchill.

1. Bay, strait, anchorage, strand, beach. P Mq.: hana, haka, small bay, creek, cove. 2. Work, labor, employment, act, affair, creation, design, state, maker, fashion, manufacture, occupation, profession; to do, to make, to construct, to employ, to form, to manufacture, to fashion, to found, to be busy with; haga rakerake, crime; tagata haga ei mea, mercenary; haga no iti, to plot mischief; haga ke, to act contrary; haga takataka, to disjoin; haga nui, difficulty, fatigue, to weary; tuhi ki te haga, to give employment; haga hakahou, to make over, to renew, recovery; haga koroiti, to deal prudently; haga nuinui ke, to overburden. P Pau.: haga, to do, action, work, a deed. Mgv.: haga, aga, work, labor. Mq.: hana, haka, action, act, work, occupation. Ta.: haa, work, to labor, to make. 3. Agreement, conduct, liking, intention, desire, will; to resolve, to permit, to endeavor, to tolerate, to be willing, to wish, to approve; haga ihoiho, fixed desire; haga mai, haga no mai, to agree, to hearken favorably; tae haga, despite, involuntary, to refuse, to renounce; noho hakahaga, apathy. 4. = haka. Pau.: haga = haka. 5. Mgv.: haga, a fish. Mq.: haka, id. 6. Mgv.: haga, a fishtrap. Sa.: faga, a fish-trap, bird-cage. Ma.: hanganoa, a small basket for cooked fish. 7. Mgv.: haga, a measure of a fathom. Ta.: aa, to measure length. Mq.: aka, ana, to measure with the arms. Ma.: whanga, id. Churchill.

Hagaava (haga 1 - ava 2), entrance of a harbor. Hagahaga: 1. (haga 2), work. 2. hesitation, to hesitate. Churchill.

The Maori recognized two main divisions of the year: winter or takurua, a name for Sirius which then shone as morning star, and summer, raumati or o-rongo-nui, 'of the great Rongo', god of agriculture. They occasionally recognized spring as the digging season koanga, from ko, the digging stick or spade. The autumn or harvest season was usually spoken of as ngahuru, 'tenth' (month), although it was considered to include also the last two months of the year. Mahuru was the personification of spring. Makemson.

To feed, to nourish, forster-parent (agai); hagai ei u, to suckle. P Pau.: fagai, to feed, to maintain, to support. Mgv.: agai, to nurse, to nurture, to give food to, an adoptive or foster father; akaagai, to feed. Mq.: hakai, to feed. Ta.: faaai, to nourish, a foster-parent. Churchill.

1. The temples. 2. (agu). Haguhagu, convulsion, spasm, convulsive. Hagupotu, younger son, younger brother. Churchill.

1. To grope, to feel one's way; po haha, darkness, obscure. 2. Mouth, chops, door, entrance, window; haha pipi, small mouth; haha pipiro, foul breath; ohio haha, bit of bridle; tiaki haha, porter, doorkeeper. Churchill.

M. Whawhe, to come or go round. Cf. hawhe, to go or come round; awhe, to pass round or behind; takaawhe, circuitous. 2. To put round. 3. To be blown away by the wind. Te aute tè whawhea - Prov. 4. To grasp, to seize. Cf. wha, to lay hold of; to handle. 5. To save, as a defeated person on a battle-field. Text Centre.

Mq.: hahea, grand, important. Ha.: haheo, proud, haughty, to put on airs. Churchill.

Hahoa (ha causative, hoa) to cut, to wound, to hurt. PS Mgv.: tahoa, to make papyrus by beating. Sa.: foa, to chip, to break. To.: foa, to crack, to make an opening. Fu.: foa, to dig, the rent in a mat. Underlying the Nuclear Polynesian significations the primal sense seems to be that of a hole. The Rapanui, a causative, is a clear derivative in the cutting sense; wound and hurt are secondary withing this language. The Mangarevan composite means 'to beat until holes appear', which is a distinctive character of the beaten bast of the paper mulberry in the condition in which it is ready for employment in making tapa. Churchill.

1. To wrap up, to make into parcels, to envelop; food tied up in bundles (ai). PS Sa.: sai, a tightly bound bundle. To.: haihai, to tie up in a bundle. Fu.: sai, to tie; saisaiga, a bundle. Niuē: hai, to tie fast. 2. To carry, to transport. Ta.: afai, to carry an object, to transport; afafai, capable of carrying a heavy burden, to carry here and there. 3. To be in heat, to copulate, to embrace; concupiscence, fornication, impurity; lascivious, impure (ai). P Ta.: ai, to copulate. Haiga, armpit. PS Sa.: fa'iga, a joint. Haipo, heart; haipo rahirahi, shortness of breath. Mq.: houpo, heart. Haite (ha causative, ite) numeral. Churchill.

Pau.: haifa, virile, manly. Ta.: aiaha, a brave young warrior. Churchill. Mgv.: hai, a fish. Ta.: fai, the stingray. Mq.: fai, hai, id. Sa.: fai, id. Ma.: whai, id. Haihai, evening (metathetic). Sa.: afiafi, id. Churchill.

Ta.: Hanahana, splendid, illustrious, glory. Ma.: hana, so shine, to glow. Churchill.

Mq.: Hanamana, miracle, a wonder. Ha.: hanamana, id. Churchill.

To be born; vie hanau, midwife. P Pau.: fanauga, child, descendant, progeny. Mgv.: hanau, to be born, to be brought into the world. Mq.: fanau, hanau, to be born, to lie in, to bring into the world. Ta.: fanau, to be born, to lie in. Churchill.

To lift, to raise, to elevate, to embark, to carry, to transport, to offer, to accept, to transmit; hapai ki ruga, to load, to raise, to extract, to exhaust; hapai koona ke, to transfer, to remove; hapai rogo, to announce; hapaiaga, elevation, to raise; hapaihaga, burden, offering, assumption; hapaihakahoua, to report; hapaitari, to import. P Pau: hapai, to lift up, to raise. Mgv.: apai, apapai, aapai, to carry, to bear. Mq.: hapai, to lift, to raise, to take away, to displace. Ta.: apai, to bring; hapoi, hopoi, to transport. Churchill.

1. Pandanus. P Mgv.: ara, puhara, pandanus (tree); hara, a bunch of pandanus fruit, old pandanus. Mq.: faá haá, pandanus. Ta.: fara, id. 2. Error, mistake, oversight, wrong; to err, to confound, to mistake; manau hara, illusion; toua hara, discussion without knowing the object. P Mgv.: ara, arara, defective, abortive, to miss, to fail, a fault, a quarrel; hara, a fault, a mistake, an error, a dispute, a quarrel, undisciplined. Mq.: hara, a rake, libertine. Ta.: hara, sin, fault, crime. Churchill.

House, cabin, habitation, building, hut, structure; hare iti, hut; hare itiiti no, cabin; hare kahu, tent; hare neinei, latrine; hare no iti, cell; hare nunui, palace; hare pohurihuri, prison; hare pure, chapel, church; ki te hare, at home. Harepepe, kelp. Harepiko, a. asylum, place of refuge; b. ambush, snare. Harepopo, shed. Harepopokai, storehouse. Churchill.

a. to point, to raise the arm, to stretch out the hand or other member, to spread, to point the yards. b. to hoist, to pull up, to entice. c. to stiffen, to grasp, to squeeze. Haroharo, to point, to limp. PS Sa.: falo, to stretch out. To.: falo, to stretch out, to make tense. Fu.: falo, to stretch out, to lay hands on. Churchill.

Sa.: fata, a raised house in which to store yams, a shelf, a handbarrow, a bier, a litter, an altar, to carry on a litter; fatāmanu, a scaffold. To.: fata, a loft, a bier, a handbarrow, to carry on a bier; fataki, a platform. Fu.: fata, a barrow, a loft; fatataki, two sticks or canes attached to each other at each side of a house post to serve as a shelf. Niuē: fata, a cage, a handbarrow, a shelf, a stage, (sometimes) the upper story of a house. Uvea: fata, a barrow, a bier. Fotuna: fata, a stage. Ta.: fata, an altar, a scaffold, a piece of wood put up to hang baskets of food on; afata, a chest, a box, a coop, a raft, a scaffold. Pau.: fata, a heap; afata, a box, a chest. Ma.: whata, a platform or raised storehouse for food, an altar, to elevate, to support. Moriori: whata, a raft. Mq.: fata, hata, hataá, shelves. Rapanui: hata, a table. Ha.: haka, a ladder, an artificial henroost; alahaka, a ladder. Mg.: ata, a shelf; atamoa, a ladder; atarau, an altar. Mgv.: avata, a coffer, a box. Vi.: vata, a loft, a shelf; tāvata, a bier. The Samoan fata is a pair of light timbers pointed at the ends and tied across the center posts of the house, one in front, the other behind the line of posts; rolls of mats and bales of sennit may be laid across these timbers; baskets or reserved victuals may be hung on the ends. The litter and the barrow are two light poles with small slats lashed across at intervals. The Marquesan fata is a stout stem of a sapling with the stumps of several branches, a hat tree in shape, though found among a barehead folk. These illustrations are sufficient to show what is the common element in all these fata identifications, light cross-pieces spaced at intervals. With this for a primal signifaction it is easy to see how a ladder, a raft, a henroost, an altar come under the same stem for designation. Perhaps Samoan fatafata the breast obtains the name by reason of the ribs; it would be convincing were it not that the plumpness of most Samoans leaves the ribs a matter of anatomical inference. Churchill 2.

... Teke said to Oti, 'Go and take the hauhau tree, the paper mulberry tree, rushes, tavari plants, uku koko grass, riku ferns, ngaoho plants, the toromiro tree, hiki kioe plants (Cyperus vegetus), the sandalwood tree, harahara plants, pua nakonako plants, nehenehe ferns, hua taru grass, poporo plants, bottle gourds (ipu ngutu), kohe plants, kavakava atua ferns, fragrant tuere heu grass, tureme grass (Diochelachne sciurea), matie grass, and the two kinds of cockroaches makere and hata.' ... The division into quarters of a 28-series can be applied to the main phases of the moon during the visible period as was as to a (reflex of the old world?) sidereal month. The separate subgroup (29 makere - 30 hata) consists of the names of two types of cockroaches, but in related eastern Polynesian languages these names can also be explained on a different level. MAO. makere, among others, 'to die', and whata, among others, 'to be laid to rest on a platform', deserve special attention. The theme hinted at is one of death and burial. In our scheme they occur at just that time when the moon 'has died'! This lends further support to the lunar thesis. Barthel 2.

Hahati. 1. To break (see hati). 2. Roughly treated, broken (from physical exertion: ku hahati á te hakari) 3. To take to the sea: he hahati te vaka. Vanaga.

Ha(ha)ti. To strike, to break, to peel off bark; slip, cutting, breaking, flow, wave (aati, ati, hahati); tai hati, breakers, surf; tumu hatihati, weak in the legs; hakahati, to persuade; hatipu, slate. P Pau.: fati, to break. Mgv.: ati, hati, to break, to smash. Mq.: fati, hati, id. Ta.: fati, to rupture, to break, to conquer. Churchill.

1. Haatu, hahatu, mahatu. To fold, to double, to plait, to braid; noho hatu, to sit crosslegged; hoe hatu, clasp knife; hatuhatu, to deform. 2. To recommend. Churchill.

In the Polynesian dialects proper, we find Patu and Patu-patu, 'stone', in New Zealand; Fatu in Tahiti and Marquesas signifying 'Lord', 'Master', also 'Stone'; Haku in the Hawaiian means 'Lord', 'Master', while with the intensitive prefix Po it becomes Pohaku, 'a stone'. Fornander. 

Hat, cord; the tree Triumfetta semitriloba. Van Tilburg. Ta.: The tree Hibiscus tiliaceus. Henry.

Hau. 1 a. Hibiscus. b. Wick. P Pau.: fau, hibiscus. Mgv.: hau, id. Mq.: fau, hau, id. Ta.: fau, id. 2. To contribute. Ta.: aufau, to pay, to contribute, to subscribe. 3. Hat, cap, helmet; hakarere ki te hau, to take off the hat. Ta.: fauurumaa, war bonnet. 4. Dew; hakaritorito ki te hau, to bleach in the dew. P Mgv., Mq.,Ta.: hau, dew. 5. To blow freshly, coolness, zephyr, salubrious, breeze, wind (hahau, ahau); kona hauhau, kona hahau, a breezy spot; ahau ora, agreeable breeze; hakahahau, to hang out in the air; hakaahau, to blow. T Mgv.: hau, to blow, blusterous, to breathe. Haua, hoarse. (Hauha); araha hauha, to wait for, to look forward to. Hauhau, 1. dog (onomatopoetic). 2 a. To scratch, to scrape, to rub. b. Wood used in plowing fire. 3. (hau 5). Haumaru (hau 5 - marumaru) cool, cold. Hauù, to replace. Hauva, twin, cut T. Hauvaero (hau 3 - vaero) plume, aigrette, head ornament. Hauvarikapau (hau 3 - varikapau) plume, aigrette, head ornament. Churchill.

Pau.: Hau, superior, kingdom, to rule. Mgv.: hau, respect. Ta.: hau, government. Mq.: hau, id. Sa.: sauā, despotic. Ma.: hau, superior. Hauhau, to attack. Ma.: hau, to chop. Churchill.

Sa.: fau, to tie together, to fasten by tying, the tree (Hibiscus tiliaceus) whose bast is used for cord, the kava strainer made therefrom, strings in various uses; fafau, to lash on, to fasten with sennit; faufau, to fasten on, to tie together. To.: fau, to fasten up the hair, the name of the hibiscus, the kava strainer made therefrom; faufau, to fasten the outriggers of small canoes; hau, to fasten to; fehauaki, to tie. Fu.: fau, the hibiscus, the kava strainer; faù, fafaù, faùfaù, to attach, to tie. Niuē: fau, fafau, to make by tying. Fotuna: no-fausia, to tie, to fasten. Ta.: fau, the hibiscus; fafau, to tie together. Pau.: fau, the hibiscus. Nuguria: hau, id. Ma.: hau, to bind, to fasten together; whau, a shrub; whauwhau, to tie. Ha.: hau, name of a tree with a practicable bark. Mq.: hau, the hibiscus. Mgv.: hau, id.; hahau, to join or tie with cords. Nukuoro: hau, the hibiscus, a garland. Mg.: au, the hibiscus. Vi.: vau, the hibiscus; vautha, to bind together. Churchill 2.

Article. P Mgv., Mq.: e, the. Sa.: se, id. Churchill.

Pau.: He, false, crooked. Mgv.: hehe, crazy, to wander. Ta.: he, error. Mq.: he, confusion. Sa.: sesē, wrong. Ma.: he, a mistake. Churchill.

Mgv.: He, a locust pest of coconuts. Ta.: he, caterpillar. Mq.: he, grasshopper. Sa.: se, id. Ma.: whe, caterpillar. Churchill.

Hehegaraa, sunrise. PS Sa.: sesega, to be dazzled as by the sun. Fu.: sega, the beginning of daybreak. Niuē: hegahega, the red light or rays at sunset. Viti: sesē, to dawn. Churchill.

Garland. P Mq.: hei, garland, necklace, chaplet, flower ornament. Ta.: hei, garland, chaplet, to entwine. Churchill.

Mgv.: heihei, to chase, to drive away. Ha.: heihei, to run a race. (The same suggestion of pursuit in running is to be seen in Sa.: taufetuli, commonly used as a plural of momo'e, to run, the literal sense being they-are-chasing-one-another.) Churchill.

Mq.: heikai, feikai, breadfruit cooked with coconut milk. Sa.: fai'ai', id. Churchill.

(Heke), hakaheke, to pull down, to overthrow. Mgv.: akaeke, to overthrow, to vanquish; heke, to fall down, to fall to pieces: akaheke; akahekeheke, to demolish. Mq.: heke, to crumble, to fall down; hakaheke, to demolish, to pull down. Churchill.

Kai heke, hakaheke, to deflower. Kahukahu o heke, an octopus hiding in his ink. Mq.: ve'eve'e 'tentacules du heke'. Barthel 2.

Pau.: Heke, to purge. Mgv.: heke-toto, hemorrhage. Ta.: hee, to purge. Mq.: heke, to drip. Ma.: heke, id. Pau.: Hekeheke, elephantiasis. Ta.: feefee, id. Mq.: fefe, id. Sa.: fe'efe'e, id. Mgv.: Heke, eke, octopus. Ta.: fee, id. Mq.: heke, feke, fee, id. Sa.: fe'e, id. Ma.: wheke, id. Ta.: Hee, to slide, to swim. Sa.: se'e, to slide, to shoot the breakers. Ha.: hee, id. Mq.: Hee oto, to cut. Sa.: sele, id. Ha.: helehele, id. Churchill.

Ma.: 1. Migrate. Islands of History. 2. Rafter. Starzecka.

1. Land, country, region (heenua); henua tumu, native land. P Pau.: henua, country. Mgv.: enua, land, said of shallow places in the sea; mamuenua, the earth. Mq.: fenua, henua, land, country, place, property. Ta.: fenua, land, country place. There is apparently nothing critical in the first vowel; e is the most widely extended; a is found only in Samoa, Viti, and Rotumā in Nuclear Polynesia, but is the dominant vowel in Melanesian survivals. 2. Uterus. T (cf eve). T Pau.: pufenua, placenta. Mgv.: enua, id. Mq.: fenua, henua, id.  3. Pupuhi henua, volley. PS Sa.: fana-fanua, cannon. To.: mea fana fonua, id. Fu.: fanafenua, id. Niuē: fanafonua, id. Viti: a dakal ni vanua, id.  Churchill.

M.: Whenua, the Earth; the whole earth: I pouri tonu te rangi me te whenua i mua. 2. A country or district: A e tupu tonu mai nei ano i te pari o taua whenua. Tangata-whenua, natives of a particular locality: Ko nga tangata-whenua ake ano o tenei motu. Cf. ewe, the land of one's birth. 3. The afterbirth, or placenta: Ka taka te whenua o te tamaiti ki te moana. Cf. ewe, the placenta. 4. The ground, the soil: Na takoto ana i raro i te whenua, kua mate. 5. The land, as opposed to the water: Kia ngaro te tuapae whenua; a, ngaro rawa, ka tahi ka tukua te punga. Text Centre.

Ha.: Honua. 1. nvs. Land, earth, world; background, as of quilt designs; basic, at the foundation, fundamental. See lani. Kaua honua, world war. Ka wahine 'ai honua, the earth-eating woman [Pele]. ho'o honua To establish land, act as land; to scoop out earth, as for a fireplace; firmly established. Fig., rich (rare). (PPN fanua.). 2. part. Suddenly, abruptly and without reason. Cf. kūhonua. Huha honua ihola nō, suddenly angry and for no reason. Maka'u honua ihola nō ia, sudden fear. 3. n. Middle section of a canoe; central section of a canoe fleet, as fishing iheihe fish; main section, as of an army. Wehewehe.

1. To lash, to belay, to knot the end of a cord, to lace, to tie, to fasten, to knot; to catch in a noose, to strangle, to garrote; here pepe, to saddle; moa herea, a trussed fowl; hehere, collar, necklet; herega, bond, ligament; heregao, scarf, cravat. 2. Hakahere. To buy, to sell, to barter, to part with, to pay for, to do business, to compensate, to owe, to disburse, to expiate, to indemnify, to rent out, to hire, to traffic, to bargain, to bribe; merchant, trader, business, revenge; tagata hakahere, merchant, trader; hakahere ki te ika, to avenge; hakaherega, ransom, redemption; hakahererua, to exchange, to avenge. 3. Here ei hoiho, incense. Churchill.

Hereke, festering wound, cracked skin. Barthel 2.

Herohero. Scarlet, suffocating T. Ura herohero, brilliance of flames. Churchill.

(58) ata popohanga toou e to ata hero e, 'Yours is the morning shadow' refers to an area in Ata Hero where the house of Ricardo Hito is now located. Barthel 2.

Hetu 1. Star (heetuu); hetu rere, meteor; hetu pupura, planet. P Pau.: hetu, star. Mgv.: etu, id. Mq.: fetu, hetu, id. Ta.: fetu, fetia, id. The alternative form fetia in Tahiti, now the only one in common use, need not be regarded as an anomaly in mutation. It seems to derive from Paumotu fetika, a planet. Its introduction into Tahiti is due to the fashion of accepting Paumotu vocables which arose when the house of Pomare came into power. 2. Capital letter (? he tu). 3. To amuse. 4. To stamp the feet. Hetuhetu, to calk, to strike the water. Hetuke, sea urchin. Churchill.

M. Heu, to separate, to pull asunder; the eaves of a house; heu, a single hair; hau. to hew; heru, to comb; huru, hair on the body; down; feathers; maheu, scattered; maheuheu, shrubs; mahuru, scrub; heuea, to be separated. Text Centre. Nonoma ran, he quickly went to Te Hikinga Heru (a ravine in the side of the crater Rano Kau) and looked around. There he saw the double canoe way out near the (offshore) islets, and the two (hulls of the canoe) were lashed together.

(eva). To be delirious, to rave, absurd (eheva, heva, heheva). T Mgv.: eva, heva, frenzied, delirious; stiff, said of a sick person; aeva, like a madman. Mq.: eva, to be confused, perplexed. Ta.: hevaheva, beside oneself. Churchill.

1. To angle. Mgv.: hi, hipo, to fish with a line. Mq., Ta.: hi, id. 2. Asthma, to wipe the nose; hihi, to have a cold. Churchill.

Tail fin G (? hiku). Churchill.

Hiki kioe (Cyperus vegetus), a plant whose roots were eaten during times of famine and the stems of which were used for medicinal purposes. Barthel 2. 

Pau.: Hiki. 1. To fondle. Mgv.: hiki, to dandle. Ta.: hii, id. Mq.: hiki, id. 2. To flee. Mq.: hiki, flight. Pau.: Fakahihiu, to scare away, Ma.: whiu, to drive. Churchill.

Mgv.: Hiki, to commence or to finish mat weaving. Mq.: hiki, to finish mat weaving. Churchill.

... The brothers of Maui sat trembling in the middle of the canoe, fearing for their lives. For now the water was frothing and heaving, and great hot bubbles were coming up, and steam, and Maui was chanting the incantation called Hiki, which makes heavy weights light ...

Hikohiko keke, hide-and-seek. Churchill.

Pau.: 1. To glean. Mgv.: kohi, to gather, to collect. Ta.: ohi, to glean. Mq.: kohi, id. Ma.: kohi, to gather. 2. Bamboo. Mgv.: kohe, id. Ta.: ohe, id. Mq.: kohe, id. Sa.: 'ofe, id. Ma.: kohe, a plant name. 3. Diarrhea. Ta.: ohi, dysentery. Churchill.

Mgv.: kohiko, a small bag mounted in the fruit-picking fork. Mq.: kohiko, a small net. Churchill.

... In the deep night before the image [of Lono] is first seen, there is a Makahiki ceremony called 'splashing-water' (hi'uwai). Kepelino tells of sacred chiefs being carried to the water where the people in their finery are bathing; in the excitement created by the beauty of their attire, 'one person was attracted to another, and the result', says this convert to Catholicism, 'was by no means good' ... (Islands of History)

Pau.: Hina: Posterity. Ta.: hina, id. Mq.: hina, id. Hinagaro, to wish. Mgv.: aka-ina-garo ? to call names. Ta.: hinaaro, to desire. Mq.: hinenaó, to love. Sa.: finagalo, to wish. Ma.: hine-ngaro, affection. Mgv.: Hina: White, gray hair. Ta.: hina-hina, id. Mq.: hina, id. Sa.: sina, id. Ma.: hina, id. Churchill.

It is a matter of no slight interest to find that a stem which in Polynesia serves to designate the lesser luminary is used in Melanesia to denote the sun. In this connection our linguistic material has left two records. One that la, the general Polynesian word for the sun, was not carried in the Proto-Samoan migration, for it has left no trace in the Melanesian halting-places. The other is that masina, the general Polynesian word for the moon, was brought into Polynesia, in its present derivative form, by the Tongafiti migration, for it is only in Sesake that we find masina as moon. Our Polynesian records show us that sina was a sun name, i.e. the shiner. Churchill 2.

To grasp; kia hio, to arrest. Hakahio, to attach, to fix, to force, to favor, to rent. Hiohio, 1. By force, strong, earnestly, urgency; tae hioa, flexible. Mq.: fio, to grasp, to take by force. 2. Steel (cf. ohio, iho 4). 3. To affront, to insist, to demand. 4. To clot, to coagulate. Churchill. 

Mgv..: hira, frank and hardy. Ta.: hirahira, bashful (sense-invert). Ma.: hihira, shy. Churchill.

1. To elevate, to mount. Hiriga, to elevate; elevation, mounted, ascension, assumption, declivity; hiriga mouga, hillside. Hirihiri, a swing, seesaw. P. Pau.: iri, to be put up in a place, to lodge. Mgv.: iri, placed in a higher position than the observer, as a box on a high shelf. Ta.: iri, to lodge or stick up in a place. The germ signification is 'above, higher'. In Samoa it is used most commonly in a tropical sense, but the primal sense is sufficiently retained in the signification to lodge, to stick in, to show general concord with Rapanui and particular harmony with the other languages of Southeast Polynesia. 2. To make a bag; taura hiri, to make a cord; rauoho hiri, plaited hair; hirihiri, frizzed; rauoho hirihiri, lock of hair. P Mgv.: hiri, wo weave, to plait; akahiri, to make a mat. Mq.: hii, large plait of coconut fiber. Ta.: firi, to plait, to braid. When we interpret in the sense of local conditions Père Roussel's definition 'to make a bag' the concord is perfect, for bags are woven. The germ sense is plainly the act of twining in and out, over and under, which, with specific differences due to manner and material, may result in plaiting or weaving; see hiro. 3. To go, to walk, to voyage, to arrive, to appear; hiri tê reka, to go without noise; hiri koroiti, to go softly; hiri tahaga no mai, to go without a halt. Hiriga, voyage, journey; hiriga hakapa, to go by twos; hiriga hipa, to go obliquely; hiriga kokekoke, to go by sudden steps; hiriga okorua, to go by twos; hiriga tahataha to go across; hiriga tekiteki, to go on hopping; hiriga tê mataku, to go on fearlessly; hiriga totoro, to go on all fours; hiriga varikapau; to go in a ring; hiriga veveveve, to go boldly. Churchill.

Pau.: Hirinaki. 1. To incline, to slope. Ta.: hirinai, to rest upon. Ma.: irinaki, to rest upon. 2. To be apprehensive. Ta.: hirinai, to apprehend. Churchill.

Mgv.: Aka-hiria, to enquire after. Sa.: sili, to ask, to demand. Hirihiri, to fish for turtle. Mq.: fiifiii, a small net for taking turtle. Churchill.

To spin, to twist. P Mgv.: hiro, iro, to make a cord or line in the native manner by twisting on the thigh. Mq.: fió, hió, to spin, to twist, to twine. Ta.: hiro, to twist. This differs essentially from the in-and-out movement involved in hiri 2, for here the movement is that of rolling on the axis of length, the result is that of spinning. Starting with the coir fiber, the first operation is to roll (hiro) by the palm of the hand upon the thigh, which lies coveniently exposed in the crosslegged sedentary posture, two or three threads into a cord; next to plait (hiri) three or other odd number of such cords into sennit. Hirohiro, to mix, to blend, to dissolve, to infuse, to inject, to season, to streak with several colors; hirohiro ei paatai, to salt. Hirohiroa, to mingle; hirohiroa ei vai, diluted with water. Churchill.

Ta.: Hiro, to exaggerate. Ha.: hilohilo, to lengthen a speech by mentioning little circumstances, to make nice oratorial language. Churchill.

Whiro 'Steals-off-and-hides'; also [in addition to the name of Mercury] the universal name for the 'dark of the Moon' or the first day of the lunar month; also the deity of sneak thieves and rascals. Makemson.

1. To rise, to appear, to dawn; hitihaga, rising; hitihaga roa, sunrise; hitihiti, to dawn; horau hitihiti, break of day; hakahiti ki te eeve, to show the buttocks. 2. Puffed; gutu hiti, thick lips. Churchill.

Etahi pohitu, a week. Barthel 2.

Strange, alien, foreign; a stranger; kuhane hiva, Holy Ghost; hakahiva: mata hakahiva, to look back (? hakahira). Mq., Mgv.: hiva, iva, a stranger, a person from another district or country. Pau.: pure-hiva, a butterfly. Churchill.

H.: 1. Entirely black, as of pigs offered to the gods, a desirable blackness contrasting with uli and 'ele'ele, which have pejorative connotations. 2. Choice.  3. A term qualifying coconuts and kava. Polo hiwa, dark, glistening black, as clouds or tapa. Ua hala i ke ao polohiwa a Kāne, passed to the dark clouds of Kāne (death). Hiwa hiwa, precious, beloved, esteemed, petted, darling, indulged; favorite. Ka Mesia, ka hiwahiwa a ke Akua, the Messiah, the chosen of God. Ho'o hiwa hiwa to honor, adorn, decorate; to display, as the flag; to treat as a favorite; festive. He mea ho'ohiwahiwa i ke akua, a thing to honor the gods. 'O ka mea ho'ohiwahiwa i kāna kauā mai kona wā 'u'uku mai, he who delicately brings up his servant from his childhood. Wehewehe.

1. Friend; repa hoa, friend (male), comrade, companion, fellow; to confide; repa hoa titika, faithful friend; garu hoa, friend (either sex); uha hoa, friend (female); hoa kona, native T. 2. To abandon, to debark, to cast, to launch, to anchor, to let go, to give up, to reject, to repudiate, to suppress, to cut off, to jerk out, to proscribe, to reprove; hoahoa, to upset, to destroy. Churchill.

T. Paddle. E hoe te heiva = 'and to paddle (was their) pleasure'. Henry.

Hoea, instrument for tattooing. Barthel.

1. Also, what; ki ra hoki, precisely there; pei ra hoki, similitude, likeness; pei ra hoki ta matou, usage. P Pau.: hokihoki, often. Mgv.: hoki, also, and, likewise. Mq.: hoi, surely. Ta.: hoi, also, likewise. 2. To return, to turn back, to draw back, to give back, to tack; mau e hoki mai, to lend; hoki hakahou, to carry back; hoki amuri, to retrograde; hakahoki, to bring back, to send back, to carry back, to restore, to renew, to revoke, to remove, to dismiss, to pay, to pardon, to compress; hakahokia, given up; hakahokihaga, obligation. P Pau.: hokihoki, to persist, to insist; fakahoki, to give back. Mgv.: hoki, to return, to retrace one's steps; oki, to return, to come back. Ta.: hoi, to return, to come back. Ta.: mahoi, the essence or soul of a god. Churchill.

1. To traffic, to trade, to buy, to ransom (hoò); hoòa te kaiga, to buy land. 2. To sport, to play. Churchill.

Move the body to and fro with the rythm of a song. Barthel.

P Mgv.: hono, to join or fit pieces of wood together, to piece out a substance with another piece of the same material. Ta.: hono, to join, to unite. Churchill.

Turtle. P Mgv.: honu, onu, id. Mq.,Ta.: honu, id. To.: fonu, id. Ha.: honu, id. Churchill.

To.: fonu, turtle, tortoise, Fu., Niuē, Uvea, Fotuna: fonu, turtle ... Sa.: volu, tortoise. Nukuoro: holu, turtle. Viti: vonu, turtle. Churchill 2.

... It grew light, and again Ira spoke. This is what he said: 'Turn around, all of you, and go down to ride the waves (literally, 'to the turtle, to act like a turtle') ... Barthel 2.

Great (hoonui); honui, chief T.; tagata hoonui, personage; hakahonui, to praise, to commend. Churchill.

Bath; to bathe, to cleanse (hoopu). Pau.: hopu, bath; to bathe. Ta.: hopu, to dive. Churchill.

Mq.: hopu, to embrace, to clasp about the body. Ma.: hopu, to catch, to seize. Churchill.

1. In haste (horahorau). 2. Summer, April; hora nui, March; vaha hora, spring. 3. 'Hour', 'watch'. 4. Pau.: hora, salted, briny. Ta.: horahora, bitter. Mq.: hoáhoá, id. 5. Ta.: hora, Tephrosia piscatoria, to poison fish therewith. Ha.: hola, to poison fish. Churchill.

Horahora, to spread, unfold, extend, to heave to; hohora, to come into leaf. P Pau.: hohora, to unfold, to unroll; horahora, to spread out, to unwrap. Mgv.: hohora, to spread out clothes as a carpet; mahora, to stretch out (from the smallest extension to the greatest), Mq.: hohoá, to display, to spread out, to unroll. Ta.: hohora, to open, to display; hora, to extend the hand in giving it. Churchill.

To hew, to cut off, to amputate, to castrate, to cut with a knife, to decapitate, to abridge, to incise, to set landmarks; a notch, incision, tenon; hore poto, to cut short off; hore te gao, to chop the head off. Churchill.

Mgv.: horo, to crumble, fall, slip down. Ta.: horo, a landslide. Sa.: solo, to slide down, to fall. Ma.: horo, a landslide. Churchill.

Horoga, demarcation. Horohopae, to save, to economize, steward (horauhopae). Churchill.

Horoi. 1. To dry, to wipe (horo 5); horoimata, handkerchief. P Mgv.: horoi, oroi, a towel, handkerchief, anything used as a wiper after bathing. Mq.: hoói, to wash, to cleanse, to purify, to scour, to rinse, to dry, to bathe, to dry the tears, to console. Ta.: horoi, handkercief, to wash, to cleanse. 2. To clean, to efface, to sharpen (horo 4). Mq.: hoói, to efface. Churchill.

H.: Hoku,  Night of the full moon. When this moon set before daylight it was called Hoku Palemo, Hoku that slips away. When it set after daylight it was called Hoku Ili, grounded Hoku. Ka mahina o Hoku, the full moon of the night Hoku. Cf. hōkū, star. Hō kū, star. (PPN fetu'u). Wehewehe.

... When this tremendous task had been accomplished Atea took a third husband, Fa'a-hotu, Make Fruitful. Then occurred a curious event. Whether Atea had wearied of bringing forth offspring we are not told, but certain it is that Atea and her husband Fa'a-hotu exchanged sexes. Then the [male] eyes of Atea glanced down at those of his wife Hotu and they begat Ru. It was this Ru who explored the whole earth and divided it into north, south, east, and west ...

Mgv.: hu, to burst, to crackle, to snap. Ha.: hu, a noise. Churchill.

1. The same; ki hua, again, to continue, to strain, to struggle, to move, to repeat, over and above. Mq.: hua, the same, to return, to recommence.  2. To bloom, to sprout; flower, fruit (huaa); huaa tae oko, huaa vahio, young fruit; hua atahi, only son; huahaga, fruit; mei te huahaga o tokoe kopu, the fruit of thy body; tikea huahaga, deceptive appearance. P Pau.: ua, to be born; huahaga, lineage. Mgv.: hua, to produce (said of trees, grain, etc.), blooming time of flowers, abundance of fruit. Mq.: hua, to produce, to bear fruit. Ta.: ua, to sprout. Huahua. 1. Tailless fowl. 2. Vein, tendon, line. 3. Mgv.: huahua, pimples covering the face. Ta.: huahua, id. Mq.: hua, tubercules. Sa.: fuafua, abscess on hand or feet. Ma.: huahua, small pimples. Pau.: Hua-gakau, rupture. Ta.: áau, entrails. Sa.: ga'au, id. Ma.: ngakau, id. Churchill.

1. Fruit. 2. Egg. 3. Tā hua = 'genealogical writing' or 'same writing'. Fischer.

1. Calabash, gourd, pumpkin, pot, vase. P Pau.: hue, gourd. Mgv.: hue, calabash gourd. Mq.: hue maoi, calabash; hue ákau, pumpkin; hue, every sort of vase with a large aperture. Ta.: hue, gourd, bottle. 2. A pile, a heap; to accumulate, to agglomerate, to amass, to heap up, to collect, to charge, to put in charge, to destine, to consider, to camp, to pile up, to mass, to assemble, to conceal, to reunite; hue ke, to choose; hue no, a halt; hue ki ruga, to put on another; hakahue, to heap up, to amass, to assemble; huega, mass, sheepfold, camp, collection, company, society, council, corporation, faculty, crowd, group, leage. Mgv.: hue, to collect, to gather together, to heap up. Mq.: huevaevae, calf of the leg; huefenua, the terrestrial globe. Ta.: hue, to heap up. Churchill.

Pau.: 1. Emotion. Ta.: huehue, to show fear. 2. To carry, to conduct. Mgv.: akahue, to carry a crop of foodstuff. Churchill.

Mgv.: A fish. Ta.: huehue, id. Mq.: huehue-kava, id. Sa.: sue, id. Churchill.

1. To post up, to publish. 2. To cut the throat (uki). Mq.: Small sticks which close up the ridge of a house. Ha.: hui, the small uniting sticks in a thatched house.  Churchill.

Standing upright. Barthel.

M. Spit for roasting. Te Huki, a constellation. Makemson.

Hukihuki. 1. Colic. 2. To transpierce, a pricking. 3. To sink to the bottom. Churchill.

Ta.: Hupe, mucus. (Sa.: isupē, id.) Ma.: hupe, id. Churchill.

Rhume, air froide. Jaussen according to Barthel.

1. Sling. In his brilliant study of the distribution of the sling in the Pacific tracts, Captain Friederici makes this note (Beiträge zur Völker- und Sprachenkunde von Deutsch-Neuguinea, page 115b): 'Such, though somewhat modified, is the case in Rapanui, Easter Island. The testimony of all the reporters who have had dealings with these people is unanimous that stones of two to three pounds weight, frequently sharp chunks of obsidian, were thrown by the hand; no one mentions the use of slings. Yet Roussel includes this weapon in his vocabulary and calls it hura. In my opinion this word can be derived only from the Mangareva verb kohura, to throw a stone or a lance. So far as we know Rapanui has received its population in part by way of Mangareva.' To this note should be added the citation of kirikiri ueue as exhibiting this particular use of ueue in which the general sense is the transitive shake. 2. Fife, whistle, drum, trumpet, to play; hurahura, whistle. P Mq.: hurahura, dance, divertissement, to skip. Ta.: hura, to leap for joy. Pau.: hura-viru, well disposed. Churchill.

H. Hula, a swelling, a protuberance under the arm or on the thigh. Churchill 2.

1. Stem. P Mgv.: huri, a banana shoot. Mq.: hui, shoot, scion. 2. To turn over, to be turned over onto another side, to bend, to lean, to warp; huri ke, to change, to decant; tae huri ke, invariable; huri ke tahaga no mai, to change as the wind; tae huri, immovable; e ko huri ke, infallible; huhuri, rolling; hakahuri, to turn over; hakahuri ke, to divine. P Pau.: huri, to turn. Mgv.: huri, uri, to turn on one side, to roll, to turn upside down, to reverse. Mq.: hui, to turn, to reverse. 3. To throw, to shoot. 4. To water, to wet. 5. To hollow out. Hurihuri: 1. Wrath, anger; kokoma hurihuri, animosity, spite, wrath, fury, hate, enmity, irritable, quick tempered, to feel offended, to resent, to pester; kokoma hurihuri ke, to be in a rage. 2. (huri 4) hurihuri titi, to fill up. 3. To polish. 4. (uriuri). Hurikea, to transfigure, to transform. Churchill.

Mq. huri, resemblance. Sa.: foliga, to resemble. Churchill.

Samoa: sulu, a torch; to light by a torch; sulusulu, to carry a torch; susulu, to shine (used of the heavenly bodies and of fire). Futuna: susulu, the brightness of the moon. Tonga: huluaki, huluia, huluhulu, to light, to enlighten; fakahuhulu, to shine; iuhulu, a torch or flambeau, to light with a torch. Niuē: hulu, a torch; huhulu, to shine (as the moon). Maori: huru, the glow of the sun before rising, the glow of fire. Churchill 2.

Î. Full; ku-î-á te kete i te kumara, the bag is full of sweet potatoes. 2. To abound, to be plentiful; ki î te îka i uta, as there are lots of fish on the beach. 3. To start crying (of a baby): i-ûi-era te ma-tu'a ku-î-á te poki mo tagi, he-ma'u kihaho, when a mother saw that her baby was starting to cry she would take it outside. Vanaga.

Toward; i muri oo na, to accompany. Churchill.

Ii, to deteriorate, to go bad. Churchill.

1. To, toward; i muri oo na, to accompany. P Mgv.: ia, a sign of the dative before proper names. Mq.: ia, to (used before pronouns and proper names of persons). Ta.: ia, to, toward (same usage). Sa.: 'ia, id. To.: kia, id. Fu.: kia, id. Niuē: kia, id. See also kia 2. The two differ only as differ the simple prepositions, i and ki, locative and objective. They agree in restriction to the names of persons and personal pronouns. In my comprehension of the use of kia it becomes somewhat clear that it is not a simple preposition but a phrase locution (ki-a) of preposition and demonstrative object abstractely stated and then immediately particularized by the name in apposition. This comports with another idiom indicating that persons are considered superior to parsing, an idea which must, of course, be held by such as have a proper respect of persons: 'o ai lana igoa in Samoan, o dhei na ya-dhana in Viti, in each case 'who is his name?' instead of what. In this understanding of the phrase 'ia Malietoa signifies 'to that one, viz., Malietoa'. 2. In order to, so that. Ta.: ia, in order that. 3. Third personal prononun singular; ko ia, he, she, yes, it is, this; ka ko ia, a greeting T.; ko ia a, oneself, particualarly, precisely; no ia, his, her. P Pau.: ia, he, she, it. Mgv.: ia, id.; ko ia, that is it. Mq.: ia, he, she, it, that; ò ia, it is. Ta.: ia, o ia, he, she, it, that. Churchill.

1. Mgv.: ihe, a fish. Mq.: ihe, id. Sa.: ise, id. Ma.: ihe, the garfish. 2. Ta.: ihe, a lance. Ha.: ihe, a spear. Churchill.

Ihiihi, to hop. Churchill.

1. Nose, snout, cape T (iju G). Po ihuihu, prow of a canoe. P Pau.: ihu, nose. Mgv.: ihu, nose; mataihu, cape, promontory. Mq., Ta.: ihu, nose, beak, bowsprit. Ihupagaha, ihupiro, to rap on the nose, to snuffle. 2. Mgv.: One who dives deep. Ta.: ihu, to dive. Churchill.

Sa.: isu, nose, snout, bill. Fu., Fakaafo, Aniwa, Manahiki: isu, the nose. Nuguria; kaisu, id. Fotuna: eisu, id. Moiki: ishu, id. To., Niuē, Uvea, Ma., Ta., Ha., Mq., Mgv., Pau., Rapanui, Tongareva, Nukuoro: ihu, id. Rarotonga: putaiu, id. Vaté: tus, id. Viti: uthu, nose. Rotumā: isu, id. ... usu and ngusu ... serve as transition forms, usu pointing to isu the nose in Polynesia and ngusu to ngutu the mouth, which is very near, nearer yet when we bear in mind that ngutu the mouth is snout as well and that isu the nose is snout too ... Churchill 2.

1. Fish, animal; ika rere, flying fish; ivi ika, fishbone; mata ika, pearl. P Pau., Mgv., Mq.: ika, fish. Ta.: ia, id. 2. Prey, victim, sacrifice; ika ke avai mo, abuse; hakarere ki te ika, to avenge. T Mgv.: ikaiara, to quarrel; ikatamamea, to be angry because another has handled one's property. Mq.: ika, enemy, what causes horror. Ma.: ika, the first person killed in a fight. Mangaia: ika, a victim for sacrifice. 3? matamata ika, snow. Ikahi, to fish with a line, to angle. Mq.: ikahi, id. Ikakato, to go fishing. Ikakohau, to fish with a line, to angle. Ikapotu, cape, end of a voyage, destination; ikapotu hakarere, to abut, to adjoin; topa te ikapotu, id.; tehe oho te ikapotu, id.; mei nei tehe i oho mai ai inei te ikapotu, as far as, to. Ikapuhi, to fish with a torch. Mq.: ikapuhi, id. Churchill.

1. Negative, no, not; ina e rakerakega, innocent; ina ko tikea, unperceived; ina e ko mou, incessant; ina o nei, absent; ina kai riva, uncertain; ina kai mou, eternal; ina kai tikea, unperceived; ina kai kai, abstinence, fasting; ina kai titika, incorrect; ina kai rakei, ill prepared. 2. Breath G. Inaga T, lung. Churchill.

Iri-are, a seaweed. Vanaga.

1. Bone, needle; ivi ika, fishbone; ivi ohio, needle; ivi tika, fishbone, backbone; kiko o te ivi tika, pancreas; ivi heheu, cachalot; ivi tupapaku, skeleton; ivi uha, to grow (of mankind); tooa te kiko e ivi i hakarere, to strip the flesh from the bones; kai ivi, to eat remnants; kore te ivi, cooked too much. 2. Parent, family, ancestry. Churchill.

To bend down to allow someone to climb on one's back to be carried (haha); he-ti-atu a Kaiga i te tua ivi, he-haha-mai Huri Avai, Kaiga bent his back and Huri Avai climbed on his shoulders. Vanaga.

Ká. 1. To light a fire in order to cook in the earth oven (see umu): he-ká i te umu, he-ká i te kai. 2. Figuratively: to fire up the soul. To put oneself in a fury (with manava): ku-ká-á toona manava he has become furious. Vanaga.

1. Of T. 2. Imperative sign; ka oho, ka tere, ka ea, begone!; ka ko iha, a greeting T; ka mou, hush; ka oho, goodbye. 3. Infinitive sign; mea meitaki ka rava, a thing good to take; ka harai kia mea, to accompany. 4. A prefix which forms ordinals from cardinals. 5. The dawning of the day. 6. Different (? ke). Churchill.

Mgv.: kahi, to run, to flow. Mq.: kahi, id. Churchill.

Rangitokona, prop up the heaven! // Rangitokona, prop up the morning! // The pillar stands in the empty space. The thought [memea] stands in the earth-world - // Thought stands also in the sky. The kahi stands in the earth-world - // Kahi stands also in the sky. The pillar stands, the pillar - // It ever stands, the pillar of the sky. (Morriori creation myth according to Legends of the South Seas.)

Bunch, cluster. T Mgv.: kahui, a bunch of grapes or pandanus. Mq.: kahui, a bunch, cluster, troop, assemblage. Ta.: ahui, heap, collection. (Cf. Sa.: fui, a cluster of nuts; fuifui, a cluster of fruit, a flock of birds.) Churchill.

1. Negative; kai rogo, to fast; kai oho, to forego; kai maa, to be ignorant, to doubt; vave kai kohe, inaccessible; ina kai, see ina 1. Ta.: ai, no. 2. To undergo, to suffer. 3. Sharp, cutting. T Mgv.: koi, koikoi, pointed, sharp, adapted for cutting; kokoi, prickly, stinging, irritating. Mq.: koi, sharp, cutting. Ta.: oi, sharp, keen. Since this is the only language which has kai in this sense the possibility of typographical error should not be overlooked. The form koi outside of Southeast Polynesia is found in Maori, Rarotonga and Hawaii. 4. To eat, to feed, to feast; food, meat, a meal, repast; kai nui, provision, intemperate, voracious; kai no iti, sober, temperate; hue ki te kai, to victual; kai taria te kai, abundance, to abound; hakapee no kai hoao, abundance, to abound. Kaia, eaten. P Pau.: kai, food, to eat. Mgv.: kai, food, nourishment, to eat. Mq.: kai, ai, food, to eat. Ta.: ai, to eat. 5. Hakakai, to take, to attack. Mgv.: kai, to receive. Mq.: ai, to catch some one, to seek to surprise. Ta.: ai, to receive, to get possession of, to become master of. Churchill.

Kaihue, a heap of food. Kaikino, selfish, avaricious, faithless, ingrate, miserly, rascal. Mq.: kaikino, selfish, stingy, avaricious. Kaipurua, issue, outlet, egress. Kaitagata, cannibal; paoa kaitagata, cannibal, savage.  Kaiu, nursling, suckling. Pau.: kaiu, a child at the breast. Mq.: kaiu, child at the breast, unweaned, suckling, young of animals. Ta.: aiu, nursling. Churchill.

Pau.: Fakakai, earring. Ta.: faaai, ear ornament. Mq.: hakakai, id. Ma.: whakakai, id. Kaikaia, a league, a plot. Mgv.: kaia, cruel, cannibal. Ta.: aiaa, fault, sin. Mq.: kaia, quarrelsome. Ma.: kaia, to steal. Kaito, brave, robust. Ta.: aito, brave. Ma.: kaitoa, a brave man. Kaitoa, well and good! Ta.: aitoa, good! Ma.: kaitoa, id. Kaitura, bravery, manhood. Ta.: turatura, honored, exalted. Churchill.

Mgv.: Kaiota, raw food. Ta.: aiota, raw, ill cooked. Ma.: kaiota, id. Churchill.

Ta.: Ai, a bet, a wager, a game. Mq.: kai, to throw lots, to lose a game. Sa.: 'ai, a count toward the score of a game. Ma.: kai, a puzzling toy. Aihamu, to eat leavings. Mq.: kaihamu, id. Churchill.

Mq.: Kaiheehee, to go from place to place to enjoy feasts. Sa.: 'aisee, to beg food at feasts. Kaihue, thief. Ha.: aihue, to steal. Kaika, a meal, feast. Sa.: 'aiga, meal. Ha.: aina, id. Kaioto, a sort of hemorrhage, piles. Sa.: 'ailoto, a cancerous ulcer. Kaitu, to perfume oneself during a tabu period when it was forbidden. Ha.: aiku, to break a tabu. Churchill.

Land, country, place, region, estate, soil; noho kaiga, indigenous, a native of; mau kaiga, proprietor; hooa te kaiga, to buy land. T Pau.: kaiga, the soil. Mgv.: kaiga, land, country, property, the earth, the world. Mq.: kaina, kaika, residence, property, patrimony. Ta.: aiá, place of residence. Churchill.

1. Mastication, to eat heavily. 2. Sharp, cutting, edge of a sword, point of a lance; moa tara kaikai, cock with long spurs. Churchill.

Samoa: 'a'asa, glowing hot. Tonga, Uvea: kakaha, hot, fiery, painful. Futuna: kakā, fiery, reddened by fire. Niuē: kakā, hot, red-hot. Churchill 2.

Kakari (karikari, kari); ropa kakari kore, petticoat; kakari manava, waist; kakari rima, wrist; karikarivae (kari - vae 1), ankle T. Churchill.

Mgv.: kake, to strike on an ocean reef. Ta.: ae, to strand. Churchill.

Sa.: a'e, upward, to go up; sa'e, to elevate one leg, as in the act of falling in a club match; 'a'e, to ascend, to rise. To.: hake, upward, to ascend. Fu.: ake, up, to ascend; sake, ro raise the leg at one in derision or mockery; kake, to climb, to ascend. Niuē: hake, up, going up. Uvea: ake, up; kake, to go up. Ma.: ake, upward; kake, to climb, to ascend. Mq.: ake, on high, upward; kake, to ascend. Mgv.: ake, upward. Bukabuka: ake, up. Ta.: ae, up, to go up, to ascend, to climb. Ha.: ae, to raise, to lift up, to mount. Fotuna: no-jikijiake, to lift up; no-tukake, to stand upright. Nukuoro: kake, to go up. Nuguria: kake, up; hanage, northwest. Rapanui: kake a, to go abroad. Vi.: thake, upward; thaketa, to dig or lift up. Churchill 2.

Cloth, clothing, garb. (Perhaps a variant of kahu.) Kaokao, side, flank, ribs, lateral. P Pau.: kaokao, the side, flank. Mgv.: kaokao, the side, flank. Mq.: kaokao, id. Ta.: aoáo, id. In Nuclear Polynesia this is particularized, in Samoa to the armpit, in Tonga and Futuna to the sides of the canoe. Therefore it may be considered a borrowing from the Tongafiti. Churchill.

Tu.: Kapakapa, portion, particle. Ta.: apaapaa, fragment, bit, chip. Churchill.

In Polynesia gliding flight is expressed by lele, flight on flapping wing by kapa. In Nuclear Polynesia kapa does not pass into the wing sense except through the aid of a composition member kau. In Samoan 'au we find this to mean a stalk, a handle; in reference to the body its sense as that of some projecting member is exhibited in 'aualuma (the 'au in front) as a very delicate euphemism for the penis. So 'apa'au would mean literally the projecting member that flaps. Churchill 2.

Arum, yam. Churchill.

Pau.: Kapoka, to hollow, to groove. Mgv.: akapoka, to break with a stone. Ta.: apoo, a hole. Ma.: poka, a hole, to bore. Kapokapo, to throb, to pulsate. Ha.: apoapo, to throb. Churchill.

Wing. Karatia, grace. Karava: 1. Cave. 2. To strain to hit a mark. Karavarava, manava karavarava, colic. Churchill.

Pau.: Kara, flint. Mgv.: kara, a heavy stone. Ta.: ará, a black flint. Ma.: kara, basalt. Karaea, karamea clay. Ta.: araea, id. Mq.: kaaea, red ochre. Ma.: karamea, id. Karaga-puruga, mother-in-law. Ta.: purua, parent-in-law. Karaini, bait, decoy, allurement. Ta.: arainu, bait, lure. Karapoga, throat, gullet. Churchill.

Mgv.: Karaga, a cry. Sa.: 'alaga, id. Ma.: karanga, id. Karakara, to smell slightly a pleasant odor. Ta.: aara, good odor. Mq.: kakaa, to exhale a pleasant odor. Sa.: 'alala, to smell of hot meat. Ma.: kakara, savory. Karako, a bird. Mq.: kaako, id. Karapihi, suckers of the octopus. Mq.: karapihi, kaapihi, id. Karava, large veins which appear under strain. Sa.: 'alava, veins, fibers. Churchill.

Mq.: Karakara, a bird. Ha.: alaala, id. Churchill.

To decline, to be on the wane. Karoga, figure. Karokaro tariga, ear pendant. Churchill.

Kata. To laugh, to smile; kakata: tae kakata, dourness. P Pau., Mgv.: ata, to laugh, to be happy, joyful. Mq.: kata, to laugh, to joke. Ta.: ata, to laugh, to smile. Churchill.

To scratch, to claw. P Pau.: kakati, to bite. Ta.: ati, to bite, to sting. Churchill.

Futuna: katikati, to gnaw off the bark of sugar cane with the teeth; kakati, to corrode, to pierce, to eat in. Niuē: kakati, to bite, to chew. Maori: kakati, to eat into, to gnaw through, to corrode; katikati, to nibble. Rarotonga: kati, kakati, to bite. Paumotu: kakati, id. Nukuoro: kati, id. Rapanui: katikati, to scratch. Samoa: 'ati, to eat in, to corrode; 'a'ati, to eat in, to corrode, to gnaw off, to pierce (as the teeth of a dog); 'atimotu, to bite through. Tahiti: ati, to bite; aati, to bite, to gnaw, to tear with the teeth. Hawaii: aki, aaki, akiaki, to bite, to nibble. Churchill 2.

To bathe, to swim; hakakau, to make to swim. P Pau., Mgv., Mq.: kau, to swim. Ta.: áu, id. Kauhaga, swimming. Churchill.

The stem kau does not appear independently in any language of Polynesian proper. For tree and for timber we have the composite lakau in various stages of transformation. But kau will also be found as an initial component of various tree names. It is in Viti that we first find it in free existence. In Melanesia this form is rare. It occurs as kau in Efaté, Sesake, Epi, Nguna, and perhaps may be preserved in Aneityum; as gau in Marina; as au in Motu and somewhere in the Solomon islands. The triplicity of the Efaté forms [kasu, kas, kau] suggests a possible transition. Kasu and kas are easy to be correlated, kasu and kau less easy. They might be linked by the assumption of a parent form kahu, from which each might derive. This would appear in modern Samoan as kau; but I have found it the rule that even the mildest aspirate in Proto-Samoan becoming extinct in modern Samoan is yet retained as aspiration in Nuclear Polynesia and as th in Viti, none of which mutations is found on this record. Churchill 2

Bitter, salt; vai kava, brackish water; hakakava, to embalm; kavakava, acid, sharp, bitter, salt, spiritous, vinegar, poisonous, disagreeable; akavakava, to make sharp; hakakavakava, to make acid. P Pau.: kava, disagreeable to the taste; kavakava, acid, sharp. Mgv.: kava, to be bitter, sour, acid, salt. Mq.: kava, bitter. Ta.: ava, bitter, acid, salt. Kavahia: 1. Comfort, comfortable, to feast; hakakavahia, comfort, comfortable. 2. Repulsive (of food), disgusted; hakakavahia, repulsion.

Kavakava, rib; moi kavakava, a house god G. P Mgv.: vakavaka, the breast. Mq.: vakavaka, vaávaá, rib. Ma.: wakawaka, parallel ridges. We shall need all the available material in order to determine the germ sense of this word. Sa.: va'ava'a, the breast-bone of a bird; fa'ava'a, the frame as of a slate. To.: vakavaka, the side. Fu.: vakavaka, the side below the armpit. Ha.: hoowaa, to make furrows. In all these we may see the idea of ridge or depression, or of both, as primal (Rapanui, Samoa, Marquesas, Maori, Hawaii), and as secondary the part of the body where such appearances is common (Mangareva, Tonga, Futuna). Churchill.

Mgv.: kava, the pepper plant and the drink made therefrom. Ta.: ava, id. Mq.: kava, id. Sa.: 'ava, id. Ma.: kawa, a pepper. Kavakava, a fish. Sa.: 'ava'ava, id. Kavapui, a tree. Ta.: avapuhi, a fragrant plant. Mq.: kavapui, wild ginger. Sa.: 'avapui, id. Ha.: awapuhi, id. Churchill.

Mq.: ava, a small fish of sweet water. Sa.. 'ava'ava, a small fish. Ha.: awa, a fish. Kakava, burnt. Sa.: 'a'ava, very hot. Churchill.

1. Comfort, comfortable, to feast; hakakavahia, comfort, comfortable. 2. Repulsive (of food), disgusted; hakakavahia, repulsion. Churchill.

1. Acid, sharp, bitter, salt, spirituous, vinegar, poisonous, disagreeable; akavakava, to make sharp; hakakavakava, to make acid. 2. Rib; moi kavakava, a house god. Churchill.

Other, distinct, different, diverse, otherwise; koona ke, elsewhere; tagata ke, some one else; mea ke, contrary, distinct, otherwise; hakake, feint, stratagem, to feign; hagake, to act contrary. T Pau.: ke, different. Mgv.: ke, another, other, else, different, of partial comparative value. Mq.: ke, é, to be different, changed, no longer the same. Ta.: e, different, strange, other. Churchill.

Ta.: ea, the thrush, aphthæ. Mq.: kea, id. Sa.: 'ea'ea, id. Ha.: ea, id. Churchill.

According to Barthel kea was explained as 'macrouse' by Bishop Jaussen.

Kehokeho, dry, arid. Kekeho, to clot, to curdle, to coagulate; toto kekeho, clotted blood. Churchill.

Kehu, hakakehu, to hide, disguise, feint, feign, to lie in wait. Kekehu, shoulder G. Churchill.

Keke (ke), other, distinct, special; hikohiko keke, hide-and-seek; kekee (ke), irregular, uneven, rough; ke avai, a superlative expression; hinihini ke avai, ancient; ika ke avai, abuse; kori ke avai, abuse; maori ke avai, skilful, handy; pipiro ke avai, disgusting odor; tupu ke avai, of swift growth; ua ke avai, a shower of rain. Keekee; niho keekee, long protruding teeth. Churchill.

Pau.: keke, armpit. Mgv.: keke, id. Ta.: ee, id. Mq.: kaáke, id. Ma.: keke, id. Churchill.

Mgv.: keke, to praise, to felicitate. Sa.: 'e'e, to pay respect to. Ha.: ee, caressing, kind. Kekei, sharp, harsh, of the voice. To.: keke, to bleat. Ha.: eeina, to creak, to grate. Churchill.

Mgv.: kena, a white seabird. Mq.: kena, a large bird. Churchill.

Mq.: kena, burning, very hot. Ha.: ena, red-hot, to burn as a fire. Churchill.

Sack, basket, case, bag, satchel (keete); kete iti, satchel. P Mq.: kete, ete, sack, bag, basket. Ta.: ete, id. Churchill.

Pau.: Ketuketu, to dig. Ta.: etuetu, id. Mq.: ketu, to dig up with the snout. Ma.: ketu, id. Churchill.

Mq.: ketuketu, to snuff a candle. Sa.: eueu, id. Churchill.

Kî. To say, to speak; word, language; will, wish (verbally expressed): e-hakarogo koe ki te kî o toou matu'a, obey you father's will. Vanaga.

1. In, toward, to, for, at; ki ra, there; ki ra hoki, exactly there; ki aho, outside; ki roto, within, into, inside, among. 2. In order that. 3. To say, to speak, to chat, to pronounce, to respond; argument, conversation, description, doctrine, expression, word, relation; ki veveveve, voluble; ki vaiapuga, nonsense, to speak much and say nothing; ki ihoiho, to speak forcefully. Churchill.

Kihikihi, lichen T, stone T. Churchill.

The Hawaiian day was divided in three general parts, like that of the early Greeks and Latins, - morning, noon, and afternoon - Kakahi-aka, breaking the shadows, scil. of night; Awakea, for Ao-akea, the plain full day; and Auina-la, the decline of the day. The lapse of the night, however, was noted by five stations, if I may say so, and four intervals of time, viz.: (1.) Kihi, at 6 P.M., or about sunset; (2.) Pili, between sunset and midnight; (3) Kau, indicating midnight; (4.) Pilipuka, between midnight and surise, or about 3 A.M.; (5.) Kihipuka, corresponding to sunrise, or about 6 A.M. ... (Fornander)

Kiukiu (kikiu). 1. To resound, to ring, sonorous, bell, bronze; kiukiu rikiriki, hand bell; tagi kiukiu, sound of a bell; kikiu, to ring, the squeeking of rats; tariga kikiu, din, buzzing; hakakiukiu, to ring. Mgv.: kiukiu, a thin sound, a soft sweet sound. 2. To disobey, disobedience; mogugu kiukiu, ungrateful; ka kikiu ro, to importune. Churchill.

1. Flesh, meat; tooa te kiko e ivi i hakarere, to strip the flesh from the bones; kiko uaua, muscle (T); kiko o te ivi tika, pancreas. Churchill.

Kimikimi, to seek, to search, to inquire, to examine; ata kimikimi, to inquire; kimikimi ei moni, to speculate, to seek money; kimikimiga, research. T Pau.: kimi, to look for. Mq.: imi, to search, to examine, to sift thoroughly. Ta.: imi, to seek, to search. Churchill.

1. Bad, wrong. T Pau.: kiro, bad, miserable. Mgv.: kino, to sin, to do evil. Mq.: ino, bad, abominable, indecent. Ta.: ino, iino, bad, evil; kinoga (kino 1) sin; Mgv.: kinoga, sin, vice. 2. A skin eruption, verruga, blotched skin, cracked feet T. Churchill.

1. Stick wherewith to rake things into a heap. 2. Slave, servant, inferior, of low estate, husbandsman. Hakakio, to enslave, to reduce to subjection; tagata hakakio, master. Mgv.: kio, a servant, slave, tiller of the soil. 3. To discourage; also kioa. Kiokio, foul smelling smoke. Mgv.: kio, kiohe, to extinguish, to put out a light. 4. Pau.: kiokio, to chirp. Mgv.: kio, id. Ta.: ioio, to cry, said of a baby. Mq.: kiokio, to chirp. Sa.: 'io, id. Ha.: ioio, id. 5. Mgv.: kio, little, small, said of birds and animals. Mq.: kio, young of birds. 6. Mgv.: kiokio, a fish. Mq.: kiokio, id. 7. Mq.: kio, said of women and children who run away to the mountain shelters in time of war. Ha.: kio, to flee, to hasten away in fear. Churchill.

Hakakio, festival of thanksgiving. Barthel 2.

Rat, mouse; kiore hiva, rabbit. P Pau., Mgv.: kiore, rat, mouse. Mq.: kioē, íoé, id. Ta.: iore, id. Churchill.

Skin, hide, bark, surface; kiri ekaeka, leprous; kiri haraoa, bran; kiri hurihuri, negro; kiri maripu, scrotum; kiri ure; prepuce. P Pau.: kiri, bark. Mgv.: kiri, skin, bark, leather, surface, color, hue. Ta.: iri, skin, bark, leather, planking. Kirikiri, pebble, gravel, rounded stone, sling stone; kikiri, pebble. P Pau.: kirikiri, gravel, stony, pebbly. Mgv.: kirikiri, gravel, small stones, shingle. Ta.: iriiri, gravel, stony, rough. Kirikirimiro: ragi kirikirimiro, sky dappled with clouds. Kirikiriteu, soft gray tufa ground down with sugar-cane juice and utilized as paint T. Kiriputi (kiri - puti) cutaneous, kiriputiti, id. Kirivae (kiri - vae 1), shoe. Churchill.

1. Negative; e ko, not, except; e ko ora, incurable; ina ko, not; ina ko tikea, unseen; ina e ko, not; ina e ko mou, incessant. 2. A particle used before nouns and pronouns; ko vau, I; ko te, this; ko mea tera, this; ati ko peka, to avenge, ko mua, first, at first, formerly. 3. There, yonder. P Mgv.: ko, over there, yonder. Ta.: ó, there, here. Churchill.

Pau.: Koari, to languish, to fade. Mgv.: koari, half-cooked. Mq.: koaí, rotten, insufficiently cooked. Koata, a mesh. Ta.: oata, hole in coconuts, etc. Mq.: oata, crevice. Churchill.

Mgv.: Koai, a plant. Ta.: oai, the wild indigo. Ma.: koai, a plant. Akakoana-kohatu, to make a small shapeless hole. Ma.: kohatu, stone. Koata, light of the moon shining before the moon rises. Ha.: oaka, a glimpse of light. Churchill.

Vave kai kohe, inaccessible. Churchill.

*Kofe is the name for bamboo on most Polynesian islands, but today on Easter Island kohe is the name of a fern that grows near the beach. Barthel 2.

Koe. I tu'u mai ai a koe. Du kamst / du bist angekommen. Bergmann.

Mgv.: kohiko, a small bag mounted in the fruit-picking fork. Mq.: kohiko, a small net. Churchill.

Bowels, entrails, intestines, rectum, garbage, rage, angry; kokoma hanohano, spite, to despise, to hate, to storm, to bear a grudge, vexation; kokoma hanohano ke, to be in a rage; kokoma hakahanohano, to excite anger; kokoma hanohano manava pohi, to abhor; kokoma ritarita, to abhor; kokoma eete, to abhor, to detest, to be in a rage, angry, ungovernable; tagata kokoma eete, adversary; kokoma hurihuri, animosity, spite, wrath, fury, hate, enmity, to pester, to resent, irritable, offended, hot tempered; kokoma hurihuri ke, to be in a rage. Churchill.

To widen, to expand. Churchill.

Kope tugutugu, youth T. Pau.: kope, string, filament. Ma.: kope, to bind in flax leaves. Churchill.

Ta.: opu, to rise, of the sun. Ma.: kopu, the morning star. Churchill.

Not, without (koe); e kore, no, not; kore no, nothing, zero; kore noa, never, none; hakakore, to annul, to nullify, to annihilate, to abrogate, to acquit, to atone, to expiate, to suppress, a grudge. T Pau.: kore, not, without. Mgv.: kore, nothing, not, without, deprived of; akakore, to destroy, to annihilate. Mq.: kore, koé, óé, nothing, not, finished, done, dead, destroyed, annihilated, without. Ta.: ore, no, not, without. Korega, nothing, naught. Churchill.

Eel, worm; koreha heenua, worm. Churchill.

If. Korokoro, To clack the tongue (kurukuru). Churchill.

Ma.: aokoro, pukoro, a halo around the moon. Vi.: virikoro, a circle around the moon. There is a complete accord from Efaté through Viti to Polynesia in the main use of this stem and in the particular use which is set to itself apart. In Efaté koro answers equally well for fence and for halo. In the marked advance which characterizes social life in Viti and among the Maori the need has been felt of qualifying koro in some distinctive manner when its reference is celestial. In Viti virimbai has the meaning of putting up a fence (mbai fence); viri does not appear independently in this use, but it is undoubtedly homogenetic with Samoan vili, which has a basic meaning of going around; virikoro then signifies the ring-fence-that-goes-around, sc. the moon. In the Maori, aokoro is the cloud-fence. Churchill 2.

Slowly, gently, gradually, carefully, prudently, secretly; to observe precaution, to go slowly, to moderate, to slacken; koroiti no, prudent, nonchalant; haga koroiti no, to deal prudently; hiri koroiti, to go without noise; tito koroiti, to save, steward; ahere koroiti, to run nimbly. Hakakoroiti, to moderate, to slacken. Churchill.

You; na korua, ta korua, yours. Churchill.

Kotikoti. To tear; kokoti, to cut, to chop, to hew, to cleave, to assassinate, to amputate, to scar, to notch, to carve, to use a knife, to cut off, to lop, to gash, to mow, to saw; kokotiga kore, indivisible; kokotihaga, cutting, gash furrow. P Pau.: koti, to chop. Mgv.: kotikoti, to cut, to cut into bands or slices; kokoti, to cut, to saw; akakotikoti, a ray, a streak, a stripe, to make bars. Mq.: koti, oti, to cut, to divide. Ta.: oóti, to cut, to carve; otióti, to cut fine. Churchill.

Pau.: Koti, to gush, to spout. Ta.: oti, to rebound, to fall back. Kotika, cape, headland. Ta.: otiá, boundary, limit. Churchill.

1. I; kia ku, me. 2. Verb sign: ku ohoa, to keep out of the way, absence; ku higaa, convinced; ku taie te tai, to overflow, to go beyond; ku magaro, to reconcile. 3. ? tae he mau ku hoao, abundance. 4. Akaku, to be moved, affected; hakaku, to groan. Mgv.: ku, an exclamation, a cry used when one has hit the mark aimed at. Mq.: ú, an exclamation of sorrow. 5. Gaoku, to eat greedily. Mgv.: ku, to be satiated, glutted. Churchill.

1. Demonstrative; kia kua, concerning. 2. Verb sign: kua tau te moa, the hen roosts; kua ora te kevare, to give the horse water. P Mgv.: kua, a particle denoting the passive and used for ku before some verbs. Ta.: ua, a verb sign. Mq.: ua, id. Churchill.

The spiritual component, i.e. the 'soul' of a person while he or she is alive. Bierbach.

To see T. Kuikui, to stagger. Churchill.

1. To tie up sugar canes. 2. To coo, a pigeon. P Mgv.: kuku, name of a land bird. Mq.: kuku, kukupa, uururu, a large pigeon. Ta.: uupa, uurairao, pigeon. Churchill.

Sweet potato. P Pau., Mgv.: kumara, id. Mq.: kumaá, id. Ta.: umara, umaa, id. Churchill.

Mgv.: kumu, the fist. Ma.: kumu, id. Kukumu, 1. To close the fist. Ta.: uumu, id. Sa.: 'u'u, id. Ma.: kumu, to clench the fist. 2. To press, to squeeze. Ta.: uumu, id. Kumukumu, to prepare small portions of food pressed with the hand. Ta.: umua, to make into balls, to press, to wring. Mq.: kumu-hei, a small bundle of fragrant herbs. Ma.: kumu, to bring in the hollow of the hand. Churchill.

Mgv.: kuoga, household provisions. Ta.: uoa, forbiddance of foods. Kuokuo, white. Ta.: uouo, id. Churchill.

Tutui kura, shawl. Kurakura, fair, light. Hakakurakura, to make to blush. P Pau.: kurakura, red, violet. Mgv.: kurakura, red, yellow, scarlet. Mq.: uáuá, red, ruddy. Ta.: uraura, red. Churchill.

H.: 'uku, 1. Louse, flea. (PPN kutu.) 2. Small, tiny (less used than 'u'uku). Wehewehe.

1. And, with, in addition. P Pau.: ma, together with. Mgv.: ma, for, with. Mq.: ma, and. Ta.: ma, and, with. (... we may say of ma that it points to the non-ego and not-here and links it to the central concept of that which is active and present ... we should hold the consonantal value as carrying the linking, conjunctive, associative sense; the shade of variety in meaning would be found to exist as the nucleus of the e and of the o respectively - Churchill 2) 2. Shame; hakama, shame, confusion, timid, to blush, bashfulness. P Pau.: mataki, shame. Mgv.: akama, shame, bashfulness, modesty, shy. Mq.: maamaa, ninny, simpleton. Ta.: haama, timidity, shameful, confused. Churchill.

Mgv.: ma, to fade, to lose color. Ha.: ma, to fade. Churchill.

Ta.: mae, weak, soft. Mq.: mae, soft, flabby. To.: mae, to wither, to fade. Ha.: mae, id. Churchill.

Stone, rock; maea kore, free of stones; maea horohoro, snowy rock; maea mataa, obsidian used for spear heads T; maea matariki, stone used for the images T; maea pupura, hard cellular stones used in the platforms T; maea puruhare, tile; maea regorego, a flinty beach pebble used for the finest stone implements T; maea toki, hard slates, black, red and gray, used for axes T; maea viriviri, grindstone. Churchill.

1. Light, brightness; to shine, to be bright, to glimmer, to glow; maeha mahina, moonshine; maeharaa, sunrise. Maehamaeha, bright. Hakamaeha, to brighten. Mq.: maeoeo, bright, transparent. 2. To get out of the way. 3. Thin, slender, slight. Churchill.

1. (mama 2) A mouthful; maga nuinui, to gobble. 2. Garbage. 3. Index finger. 4. A branch; magamiro, a branch, a limb; magamaga, fork, finger, claw, rod; magamaga miro, a branch, a limb; magamaga rima, finger; magamaga vae, toe; magamaga tumu, great toe; hakamaga, a roof; magaga, fork; magatuhi, index finger; hakamagaturu, slope of a roof. Churchill.

Mogo, shark. P Pau.: mago,  id. Mgv. mago, id. Mq. mano, mako, mono, moko id. T. maó, id. In addition to this list the word is found as mago in Samoa, Maori, Niuē, and in Viti as mego. It is only in Rapanui and the Marquesas that we encounter the variant mogo. Churchill.

Bait, allurement. PS. To.: talimahaga, the noose in large ropes. Ma.: mahanga, a snare. Moriori: mehanga, to ensnare. In mounu Rapanui has the common Polynesian designation of bait. This I incline to regard as an error in recording the vocabulary. Assuming a snare encircling the bait, the answer to Père Roussel's demand for a name might refer to the important but hidden snare and by him be referred to the bait plain in his view. Chuchill.

... It has ... been shown ... that the ariki Tuu Ko Ihu was not a legitimate king but a nobleman of considerable ability. He was the younger brother (mahaki) of 'Tupa Ariki' ... (Barthel 2)

... Then Hotu cut the bindings of those two canoes. His ship went along the south and his relation Tu'u ko iho went to the north, they both went round the land. When the king's ship came again and passed the headland Vai mahaki, Hotu matua saw the navigator's ship at Veronga. Tu'u ko iho was going to land at Anakena, to be the first chief to stand on this land ... (Barthel 2)

1. Heat, hot (maana, hana, pumahana); mahana ke, suffocating; mahana nui, stifling; mahana no iti, lukewarm; vera mahana, hot; hakamahana, to heat, to scald, to warm over. 2. Finery. Churchill.

To glorify, to flatter, to admire, to amaze, to astonish, to enchant, to astound; eulogy, boasting; maharo hia ia a, to vaunt; maharohaga, flattery.  P Pau.: maharo, to wonder at, to marvel. Mgv.: maharo, to praise, to vaunt, commendation. Mq.: mahaó, to praise, admirable, astonishing. Churchill.

Ta.: mahore, to peel off. Sa.: mafoe, to be skinned. Ma.: mahore, to be peeled. Churchill.

The tree Broussonetia papyrifera, indispensible for all types of fasteners (lines, twine, ropes, and rigging). Barthel 2.

Maute, paper mulberry (mahute G). P Mgv.: eute, ute, id. Mq.: ute, id. Ta.: aute, Hibiscus rosa-sinensis. Pau.: aute, id. Mahutehute (mahute - tutu 1) bast cloth in the last stage of preparation (maute). Churchill.

Meika, banana. Pau., Mgv.: meika, id. Mq.: meika, meia, id. Ta.: meia, id. Churchill.

1. Good. Henua maitaki = the good earth. 2. Shine. Marama maitaki = the shining moon. Barthel.

Ce qui est bon. Jaussen according to Barthel.

Meitaki, good, agreeable, efficacious, excellent, elegant, pious, valid, brilliant, security, to please, to approve (maitaki); ariga meitaki, handsome, of pleasant mien; mea meitaki ka rava, to deserve; meitaki ke, marvelous, better. Hakameitaki, to make good, to amend, to do good, to bless, to establish. Meitakihaga, goodness. PS Pau.: maitaki, good. Mgv.: meitetaki, beautiful, good. Mq.: meitai, good, agreeable, fit, wise, virtuous. Ta.: maitaiki, good, well. Niuē: mitaki, good. Maitakia, clean. Churchill.

Makoikoi, kidney T. Churchill.

1. To leak, to ooze, (maamaa). P Pau., Mgv., Ta.: mama, id. 2. To chew. P Mgv., Mq., Ta.: mama, id. 3. Light not heavy, (maamaa). P Mgv., Ta.: mama, id. 4. A limpet (Chiton magnificus). Mgv., Mq., mama, a shellfish. 5. To open the mouth; hakamama, to yawn, to gape, to be ajar. Pau.: hamama, to open. Mgv.: akamama, to burst open. Ta.: haamama, to open. Mq.: haámama, to open the mouth. 6. Ta.: mama-orero, conclusion of a council. Ha.: mama, to finish, to have done with a thing. Churchill.

Sick, suffering, weak, ill; mate maia mamae, to depress; mata mamae, drowsy, sleepy; mamae kopu, bellyache; mamae keo, headache; mamae toto, menses; ariga mamae, to look ill; hakamamae, to make ill. T Mgv.: mamae, to be ill, in pain, suffering, sorrow. Mq.: mamae, memae, suffering, pain, grief. Ta.: mamae, pain. Churchill.

1. Charcoal, coal, tin, lead (maramara). 2. To sparkle, to flash. 3. Mamara nui, to swell up, to roll; mamarahaga, ball. Churchill.

Egg (of fowl or fish), (gamamari), (Cf. komari.); mamari punua, chicken in the shell. Churchill.

Belly, abdomen, entrails, interior; manava ahuahu, indigestion; manava hanohano, high tempered, to annoy; manava itiiti, frugal; manava karavarava, colic; manava mate, to be in ecstasy, passion, intensity of affection; manava more, to desolate; manava ninihi, colic; manava  nuinui, appetite; manava pagaha, affected, to complain; manava rakerake, bad character; manava riri, anger; manava ru, complaint; manava ruru, alarm, consternation, emotion, swoon; manava tagi, eager; manava tiha, out of breath; manava topa ki raro, humble, to humiliate; manava vai, simpleton, to have dull senses; meniri ko manava, little finger; kakari manavai, waist; manava eete, to shudder, to tremble, to astonish; anger, fright, consternation; manava eete ki te mau mea ananake, susceptible; eete manava, affected, moved; manava pohi, hasty, cruel, penitent; contrition, indignation; kokoma hanohano manava pohi, to abhor; manava pohi nunui ke, implacable. P Pau.: manava, the interior, affected, touched. Mgv.: manava, the belly, spirit, conscience. Mq.: menava, respiration, pulse. Ta.: manava, belly, entrails. Churchill.

1. Brain. 2. Valley, ravine, river, torrent, brook; manavai miro, orchard, Mq.: manavai, valley, brook. Ta.: anavai, river, brook. It scarcely appears that these are fully coordinate. In Tahiti anavai has a clear etymology, ana meaning the bed of a stream. In Rapanui and in the Marquesas mana most readily associates with maga, as water in a forked bed. Churchill.

Bird; manu uru, kite; manu rikiriki, insect. P Pau.: manu, bird, insect, brute. Mgv.: manu, bird, beast. Mq., Ta.: manu, bird, insect. Manu nave, great abscess, bubo. Churchill.

Manu i te raá = comet. Barthel.

Manu vae eha,  'birds with four legs'. Barthel 2.

Skulls with incised carvings, imbued with power by Makemake, were placed in the fowl house to promote the egg-laying capacity of the occupants. It may seem a long call from the domestic fowl to the sooty tern, but both are birds and lay eggs. The sooty tern (manu tara) comes to breed in large numbers in July or August off the southwestern point formed by the crater of Rano-kao on three rocky islets, of which the only one accessible to swimmers is Motu-nui. (Buck)

a. Of manual training: dexterity, handy, industry, artisan. b. Of mental training: erudite, finesse, cleverness, adroit, ingenious, intelligent, lucid, sage, sense, science, talent. c. The resultant: memorable, renowned, of good reputation. Tagata maori, carpenter; rima maori, left hand, tae maori, incompetent; maori ke, judicious, sly; maori ke avai, adroit. T Pau.: maori, maohi, indigenous, sure, safe, perfect. Mgv.; maori, belonging to the country, native of the Polynesian race, right hand. Mq.: maoi, native, natural, common, ordinary. Ta.: maori, maóhi, proper name of the indigenous people of Polynesia, native, good, perfect. Churchill.

Mgv.: mara, open land, cultivated field. Mq.: mara, maa, land under tilth. Ta.: amara, the first stone of a marae, etc. Sa.: mala, a new plantation. Ma.: mara, land under tilth. Churchill.

Sa.: malae, the town green. Nukuoro: malae, a cleared space, an open place, a plantation. To.: malae, a gree, a grass plot ... Ha.: malae, smooth (as a plain) ... Ma.: marae, an inclosed place in front of a house. Ta.: marae, the sacred place of worship ... Vi.: mara, a burying place ... In note 261 I have advanced the opinion that malae is in form a conditional derivative of lae. This holds of the signification found in Nuclear Polynesia. The secondary sense which the Tongafiti carried to eastern Polynesia has obscured the lae element; but the sacrosanct content of the marae in the four-godded theology of eastern Polynesia is after all but a logical outgrowth of the Nuclear Polynesian malae as the civic center of social life where god is sole, surpreme - and Lucretian ... Churchill 2.

Light, day, brightness, to glimmer; month; intelligent, sensible; no tera marama, monthly; marama roa, a long term; horau marama no iti, daybreak; hakamarama, school, to glimmer; hare hakamarama, school, classroom. P Mgv.: màràma, the light, daylight; maràma, wise, learned, instructed, moon. Mq.: maáma, light, broad day, bright, instructed, learned; meama, moon, month. Ta.: marama, moon, month. In form conditionalis this word seems derivative from lama, in which the illuminating sense appears in its signification of a torch. The sense of light, and of specifically the moon, appears in all Polynesia; in Futuna and Uvea the word signifies the world. The tropical extension to the light of intelligence is not found in Nuclear Polynesia, therefore not in the Proto-Samoan, but is a later Tongafiti development. Maramarama, bright; manava maramarama, intelligent. P Pau.: maramarama, intelligent. Ta.: maramarama, light, brightness. Churchill.

The month sense is found in Tahiti, Marquesas, Rarotonga and Maori associated with the moon signification, and in Hawaii is specifically dissociated therefrom to characterize a solar month. Churchill 2.

Ash-wood T. Churchill.

Maro: 1. June. 2. Dish-cloth T P Mgv.: maro, a small girdle or breech clout. Ta.: maro, girdle. Maroa: 1. A fathom; maroa hahaga, to measure. Mq.: maó, a fathom. 2. Upright, stand up, get up, stop, halt. Mq.: maó, to get up, to stand up. Churchill.

Pau.: Maro, hard, rough, stubborn. Mgv.: maro, hard, obdurate, tough. Ta.: mârô, obstinate, headstrong. Sa.: mālō, strong. Ma.: maro, hard, stubborn. Churchill.

Ta.: Maro, dry, desiccated. Mq.: mao, thirst, desiccated. Fu.: malo, dry. Ha.: malo, maloo, id. Churchill.

Mgv.: Maroro, the flying fish. (Ta.: marara, id.) Mq.: maoo, id. Sa.: malolo, id. Ma.: maroro, id. Churchill.

Samoa: malū, gentle, easy, soft. Tonga: malu, loose, soft, mild, easy. Uvea, Nukuoro: malu, tender, soft. Hawaii: malu, quiet. Futuna: malŭ, tender. Nuguria: maru, soft. Tahiti: maru, soft, gentle, easy. Paumotu: hakamaru, to grow milder. Rapanui: maruaki, to decay. Churchill 2.

Maru a Pó in Tahiti was another [in addition to Ovakevake, Hiva and Maori] 'place where ákuáku supposedly lived before coming here'. Vanaga.

The Maori used the same word for both solstices, marua-roa, 'long pit', and applied the term also to the month or season during which the Sun passed through its most northerly or southerly declination. A qualifying word such as takurua, 'winter', or o-rongo-nui, 'summer', was usually appended to denote which solstice was meant. When no explanatory word was added marua-roa seems to have signified the winter solstice... Makemson.

Viti: malua, to go gently, to be in no hurry, by-and-by; vakamalua, gently. Churchill 2.

Maruaki, to feel hungry, to be starving, hunger; he-topa te maruaki, to feel hungry. Vanaga.

Maruaki, appetite, desire to eat, greedy, hunger, fasting, famine, weak from hunger, dearth, stavation; hakamaruaki, to starve; we note in Motu maro, famine, dearth. Churchill.

Maruaki, to decay. Churchill 2.

Marumaru, shady; ka-oho ki te kona marumaru, go in the shade. Vanaga.

Marumaru, shade, thicket, somber, umbrella; koona marumaru, sheltered spot, copse; hakamaru, to cover with shade; hakamarumaru, to shade. P Pau.: hakamaru, to shadow. Mgv.: maru, shade, shadow, obscurity. Mq.: maú, shade, shadow, shelter. Ta.: maru, shade. Churchill.

1. The eye; mata neranera, mata kevakeva, mata mamae, to be drowsy; mata keva, mataraparapa, matapo, blind; mata hakahira, squint eyed; mata pagaha, eye strain. 2. Face, expression, aspect, figure, mien, presence, visage, view; mata mine, mata hakataha, mata pupura, mata hakahiro, to consider. 3. Raw, green, unripe. 4. Drop of water. 5. Mesh; hakamata, to make a net. 6. Cutting, flint. 7. Point, spear, spike (a fish bone). 8. Chancre. Matamata, sound of water. Churchill.

There is a wide range of significations in this stem. It will serve to express an opening as small as the mesh of a net or as large as a door of a house; it will serve to designate globular objects as large as the eye or as small as the bud on a twig or the drop of rain, and designating a pointed object it answers with equal facility for the sharpened tip of a lance or the acres of a headland; it describes as well the edge of a paddle or the source from which a thing originates. Churchill 2.

Matá. Black obsidian spear points, all belonging to the Late Period which began ca 1680. Heyerdahl 3.

In the Polynesian tongue Matariki, the name for the Pleiades, is contracted from Mata-ariki, high-born or regal stars. Makemson.

Maea matariki, stone used for the images T. Churchill.

Polynesia names the Pleiades thus: Samoa: matali'i. Futuna, Tonga: mataliki. Fotuna, Nuguria, Maori, Mangaia, Mangareva: matariki. Tahiti: matarii. Hawaii: makalii. Marquesas: mataiki. Micronesian names for the same constellation: Ponape: makeriker. Lamotrek: magarigar. Yap: magirigir. Mortlocks: marikir. Churchill 2.

Death, to die, to be ill, to be unfortunate. Hakamate, to kill. P Pau.: mate, to die. Mgv.: mate, to be sick, dead, love, ardent desire. Mq.: mate, illness, death, grief. Ta.: mate, death, illness. Matea, lifeless, passionate. Matega, death. Mgv.: matega, illness, death. Matekeo (mate - keo) pulmonary disease. Matemanava (mate - manava) to marvel at. Matemate, to have a slight illness, to suffer pain. Materaa (mate - raa) sunstroke. Matevai (mate - vai) thirst. Churchill.

1. Chronic. Ta.: matua, id. 2. A parent (metua); matua tamaroa, father; matua tamaahine, mother; matua too, adoptive father; matua kore, orphan. P Pau.: makuahine, mother. Mgv.: motua, father; matua, superintendent, overseer. Mq.: matua, any man; motua, father. Ta.: metua, metia, father, mother, parent. Churchill.

1. As soon as, since. 2. Several; te mau tagata, a collective use. 3. Food, meat; mau nui, abundance of food, provision, harvest; mau ke avai, abundance. 4. End, to take away. 5. To hold, to seize, to detain, to arrest, to retain, to catch, to grasp. 6. Certain, sure, true, correct, to confide in; mau roa, indubitable, sure. 7. Fixed, constant, firm, stable, resolute, calm; tae mau, not fixed, unstable; mau no, stable; hakamau, to make firm, to attach, to consolidate, to tie, to assure; pena hakamau, bridle; hakamau ihoiho, to immortalize; hakamau iho, restoration. 8. To give, to accord, to remit, to satisfy, to deliver; to accept, to adopt, debt; to embark, to raise. Mamau. To arrest. Churchill.

OR. All. Fischer.

T. 1. Really. E ari'i mau teie vahine = this woman really is a princess. 2. Things. Te mau mautai = plenty of things. 3. Hold. A toro te a'a, a mau te one = the roots spread and held the sand. Henry.

Mauga kore, impalpable. Mouga. 1. Enough, that's all, at last. 2. Mountain, ridge of hills; mouga iti, hillock; tua mouga, mountain top; hiriga mouga; hillside, declivity, slope. P Pau.: mahuga, mountain. Mgv.: mou, maga, mountain. Mq.: mouna, mouka, peak or crest of a mountain. Ta.: maua, moua, mountain. 3. Extinction, end, interruption, solution; te mouga o te hiriga, end of a voyage; pagaha mouga kore, without consolation. 4. To get. Churchill.

1. Red; ata mea, the dawn. Meamea, red, ruddy, rubricund, scarlet, vermilion, yellow; ariga meamea, florid; kahu meamea purple; moni meamea, gold; hanuanua meamea, rainbow; pua ei meamea, to make yellow. Hakameamea, to redden, to make yellow. PS Ta.: mea, red. Sa.: memea, yellowish brown, sere. To.: memea, drab. Fu.: mea, blond, yellowish, red, chestnut. 2. A thing, an object, elements (mee); e mea, circumstance; mea ke, differently, excepted, save, but; ra mea, to belong; mea rakerake, assault; ko mea, such a one; a mea nei, this; a mea ka, during; a mea, then; no te mea, because, since, seeing that; na te mea, since; a mea era, that; ko mea tera, however, but. Hakamea, to prepare, to make ready. P Pau., Mgv., Mq., Ta.: mea, a thing. 3. In order that, for. Mgv.: mea, because, on account of, seeing that, since. Mq.: mea, for. 4. An individual; tagata mea, tagata mee, an individual. Mgv.: mea, an individual, such a one. Mq., Ta.: mea, such a one. 5. Necessary, urgent; e mea ka, must needs be, necessary; e mea, urgent. 6. Manners, customs. 7. Mgv.: ako-mea, a red fish. 8. Ta.: mea, to do. Mq.: mea, id. Sa.: mea, id. Mao.: mea, id. Churchill.

Breadfruit tree. Barthel 2.

1. Wood, stick; also (probably improperly) used for 'tree': miro tahiti, a tree from Tahiti (Melia azedarach); miro huru iti, shrub. 2. Wooden vessel (canoe, boat); today pahú (a Tahitian word) is more used, especially when speaking of modern boats. 3. Name of the tribe, of royal blood, descended from Ariki Hotu Matu'a. Vanaga.

Miro-oone, model boat made of earth in which the 'boat festivals' used to be celebrated. Vanaga. ... on the first day of the year the natives dress in navy uniforms and performs exercises which imitate the maneuvers of ships' crews ... Métraux.

Tree, plant, wood, plank, ship, building; miro hokuhoku, bush, thicket; miro takataka, bush; miro tupu, tree; miro vavau, switch. Miroahi, firebrand. Mimiro, compass, to roll one over another, to turn in a circle. P Pau.: miro, to rope. Churchill.

1. Wood. 2. Ship (Ko te rua o te raa i tu'i ai te miro ki Rikitea tupuaki ki Magareva = On the second day the boat arrived at Rikitea which is close to Mangareva. He patu mai i te puaka mo ma'u ki ruga ki te miro = They corralled the cattle in order to carry them on to the boat.) Krupa.

T. 1. The tree Thespesia populnea. ... a fine tree with bright-green heart-shaped leaves and a yellow flower resembling that of the fau, but not opening wide. The fruit is hemispherical and about twice the size of a walnut, consisting of brittle shell in which are several septa, each containing a single seed. The wood resembles rosewood and is of much the same texture. Formerly, this tree was held sacred. Henry. 2. Rock. (To'a-te-miro = Long-standing-rock.) Henry.

1. For (moo); ika ke avai mo, abuse (bad treatment too great for); riva mo tere, navigable (fit for voyaging); pu moo naa, hiding-place (hole for hiding); koona moo tomo, port (place for entering); moo iharaa, ordinary; moo te oone, shovel (for the sand). PS Mgv.: mo, for. Sa., To., Fu., Niuē, Ma., Aniwa: mo, id. 2. In order that (moo); mo okorua, to accompany, to adjoin (in order to be two-together); moo arai, to join (in order to be together). 3. A negative value (moo); moo aneira, inopportune. Churchill.

Fowl; moa toa, cock; moa uha, hen; moa ohoa, crowing of cocks; moa manua, wild fowl; moa herea, tame fowl. P Pau.: moa, domestic fowl. Mgv.: moa, cock. Mq.: moa, hen. Ta.: moa, cock, hen. Churchill.

Mgv.: Aka-moa, to cook. Mq.: haamoa, id. To.: moa, dried. Ha.: moa, to dry, to roast. Mgv.: Moaga, 1. a red beard. Mq.: moaka, very red. 2. a fish. Mq.: moana, id. Sa.: moaga, id. Ha.: moana, a red fish. Mgv.: Moake, east wind. Ha.: moae, the northeast tradewind. Churchill.

H. Bending over, arching like a tree. Barthel 2.

Mgv. Moemoe, to steal, to purloin at a food distribution. Mq.: moemoe, to seize, to grasp. Churchill.

Ta.: 1.  Moemoe, ambush. Ha.: moemoe, id. 2. Moemoe, Phyllanthus simplex. To.: mohemohe, a tree. Churchill.

Mq.: Moehu, exiled, banished, prisoner of war. Ma.: morehu, a survivor. Churchill.

1. Lizard. P Pau., Mgv., Mq.: moko, id. Ta. moó, id. 2. To stun, to be dizzy. PS Sa.: mo'o, to be surprised. Hakamoko, to accomplish. Mokohi, grain, full-grown berry (mokoi); mokohi haraoa, grain. Mgv.: mokohe, food. Mokoimokoi, heart T, kidney. Mokomoko, sharp, pointed, slender, cape, headland; gutu mokomoko, pointed lips. Churchill.

Mgv.: mokora, a duck. Ta.: moora, id. Churchill.

Rent, fracture, to break; manava more, desolate, to grieve; momore, breaking; momore hihi, to damage, to injure; moremore, to divide into bits; Mgv.: akamore, to decapitate, to cut off pieces of wood. Morega, fraction. Moremorepua, to pick flowers. Churchill.

Pau.: Morearea, isolated. Ma.: morearea, lonely, dreary. Moremore, smooth, level, polished, hairless. Mgv.: moremore, a straight young tree. Ta.: moremore, smooth, polished, branchless. Sa.: mole, smooth. Ma.: more, bare, plaing. Churchill.

Mgv.: More, branches of whose bark cord is made. Ta.: more, hibiscus bark. Churchill.

Pau.: Ha-morihaga, pious. Mgv.: morimori, to consecrate. Ta.: moria, prayer. Ma.: morina, to remove tabu. Churchill.

Mgv.: Moriga, a minor festival. Ta.: moria, offering after recovery from illness. Ma.: morina, to remove the crop tabu. Churchill.

To break, to cut with a knife, to sever, to rupture; rent, reef, shoal, rock; motu poto, to cut short; aretare motu, an oratory; motu kivakiva, an uncovered shoal; motumotu, to cut up; tae motumotu, e ko motumotu, indissoluble. P Pau.: motu, island; komutu, to break. Mgv.: motu, an island, a rock, to cut, to be broken. Mq.: motu, island, land, to break, to cut up, to take to pieces. Ta.: motu, a low island, to be broken, cut up. Motuava (motu - ava 1), a hollowed rock. Motuhaua, archipelago. Motupiri (motu - piri), archipelago. Motuputuputu (motu - putuputu), archipelago. Moturauri, south wind T. Moturogorogo, to write T. Churchill.

H Moku 1. To be cut, severed, amputated, broken in two, as a rope; broken loose, as a stream after heavy rains, or as a bound person; to punctuate. Moku ka pawa, dawn has broken. Kai moku ka noho 'ana, relations separated by the sea. Ho'o moku, to cut and divide; a cutting, division, separation. 2. District, island, islet, section, forest, grove, clump, severed portion, fragment, cut, laceration, scene in a play. Cfr. mokupuni, momoku. Moku lehua, lehua forest. Ho'o moku, to place one over a moku, district. 3. Ship, schooner, vessel, boat, said to be so called because the first European ships suggested islands. 4. A stage of pounded poi (such poi sticks together as a mass and can be separated cleanly - moku - from the pounding board). Wehewehe.

The front, that which comes foremost; a mau [mua?], before, ahead, to precede, come on, forward; kapu a mua, oho a mua, to go ahead; i mua, before, heretofore, preceding; i mua atu, sooner; ki mua, at first, before, to go before; ko mua, at first, then, otherwile; o mua a mua, to march at the head; o mua roa, the first. Churchill.

1. When, as soon as (ga). Mgv.: na, because, seeing that, whereas. 2. The, that, some, any, certain (ga); pei na, thus, like that. P Mq.: na, the (plural). Ta.: na, id. 3. Of. P Pau.: na, of, belonging to. Mgv.: na, of, by, on account of. Mq.: na, of, by, for, on the part of.Ta.: na, of, by, for. 4. ? possessive; na mea, to belong to (? his thing). Mgv.: na, him, of him, to him. Ta.: na, he, his, him. 5. (ana 2); i muri oo na, to accompany. Churchill.

Bishop Jaussen: crustacé. Barthel.

Nanagi, to tear with the teeth. Nanai, spider; kahu nanai, cobweb. Churchill.

Pau.: Nanao, to insert the hand. Mgv.: nanao, to take fish out of a wicker basket. Ta.: nanao, neneo, to introduce the hand. Mq.: nanao, to grope in. Sa.: naonao, to feel for by introducing the hand. Ma.: nao, to feel with the hand. Churchill.

Nanenane, sweetness. Churchill.

Pau.: Nanea, enough, satisfying, to multiply. Mgv.: nenea, to abound, multiply. Ta.: nanea, capacious, containing much, multiply. Sa.: nanea, food affording large portions in the distribution. Ma.: nanea, copious, satisfying. Churchill.

Mq.: Naninani, to strut, to show off. Ha.: naninani, to enjoy the honors of a chief. Churchill.

The Sandalwood (Santalum) tree. During the birdman ceremonies at Orongo, a piece of sandalwood was tied to the arm with which the victorious birdman held up the egg of the sooty tern. Barthel 2.

... He [Oroi] went into a (grove of ) sandalwood. He had hidden there so he could watch the arrival of the king and (at the moment when) the foot (of the king touched the loop) quickly pull the rope. Then Oroi would come out immediately and kill the king ... Barthel 2.

Mq.: Nehunehu, a fish. Sa.: nefu, id. Ha.: nehu, id. Churchill.

'Savage tribes knew the Pleiades familiarly, as well as did the people of ancient and modern civilization; and Ellis wrote of the natives of the Society and Tonga Islands, who called these stars Matarii, the Little Eyes: The two seasons of the year were divided by the Pleiades; the first, Matarii i nia, the Pleiades Above, commenced when, in the evening, those stars appeared on the horizon, and continued while, after sunset, they were above. The other season, Matarii i raro, the Pleiades Below, began when, at sunset, they ceased to be visible, and continued till, in the evening, they appeared again above the horizon. 

Gill gives a similar story from the Hervey group, where the Little Eyes are Matariki, and at one time but a single star, so bright that their god Tane in envy got hold of Aumea, our Aldebaran, and, accompanied by Mere, our Sirius, chased the offender, who took refuge in a stream. Mere, however, drained off the water, and Tane hurled Aumea at the fugitive, breaking him into the six pieces that we now see, whence the native name for the fragments, Tauono, the Six, quoted by Flammarion as Tau, both titles singularly like the Latin Taurus. They were the favorite one of the various avelas, or guides at sea in night voyages from one island to another; and, as opening the year, objects of worship down to 1857, when Christianity prevailed throughout these islands.' (Allen)

Mgv.: niu, the coconut palm when young, ripening into nikau. ... the ni of New Caledonia leads us to infer that niu was anciently a composite in which ni carried at least some sort of generic sense, it being understood that this refers to those characteristics which might strike the islanders as indicating a genus. In composition with kau tree we should then see nikau, the ni-tree, serving in Mangareva for the coconut palm, in New Zealand for the characteristic palm (Areca sapida) of that land, in Tahiti as niau for coconut leaf, and as niau in Hawaii for the leaf stalk of the coconut. The ni-form is found in Micronesia, and in the Marshall Islands ni is the coconut. Churchill 2.

Coconut, palm, spinning top.  P Pau., Ta.: niu, coconut. Mgv.: niu, a top; niu mea, coconut. Mq.: niu, coconut, a top. Churchill.

The fruit of miro. Buck.

T. 1. Coconut palm. 2. Sign for peace. Henry

The sense of top lies in the fact that the bud end of a coconut shell is used for spinning, both in the sport of children and as a means of applying to island life the practical side of the doctrine of chances. Thus it may be that in New Zealand, in latitudes higher than are grateful to the coconut, the divination sense has persisted even to different implements whereby the arbitrament of fate may be declared. Churchill 2.

Shark.  T (ninki T). Mq.: niuhi, a large fish resembling the shark. Churchill.

Nivaniva, absurd, stupidity, bungler, delirium, madness, to err, to wander in mind, folly, foolish, heedless, frenzied, imbecile, senseless, odd, inconsistent, simple, dupe, stupid, flighty (nevaneva); nivaniva o te mata, lethargy. Hakanivaniva, queer, bewitched, stupefied, to tell lies. PS Ta.: nivaniva, neneva, foolish, stupid, mad. Sa.: niniva, giddy, dizzy. Churchill.

1. Of (na); no te mea, because (of the thing); no te ragi, celestial (of the sky); no ira, wherefore (of that). 2. Intensive; hakapee no kai hoao, abundance; riva no iti, convalescence; haga no iti, to plot mischief; hare itiiti no, hut; no mai, intensive, spontaneously; tuhi no mai, to accuse; hiri tahaga no mai, to go on without stopping; topa tahaga no mai, wholly unexpected. 3. Exclusive, unique, that and naught else; gutu no, vain words; noho no, stay-at-home, apathy. Churchill.

1. Though, although. Pau., Mgv.: id. 2. Intensive; e kore noa, never; garo noa, to go on forever; a muri noa atu, never; uru noa, to enter deeply. Mgv.: noa, wholly, entirely, without end, to do nothing else, without others, unique. Mq.: noa, very, greatly, enough.. 3. Common, ordinary; noa ki te mau, impartial. P Pau.: noa, single, simple, spontaneous. Mq.: noa, simply, accidentally. Ta.: noa, common, simple. 4. Negative; mou noa, to endure. Churchill.

Seat, bench, dwelling, marriage, position, posture, situation, session, sojourn; to sit, to dwell, to reside, to rest, to halt, to inhabit; noho hahatu, to sit cross-legged; noho hakahaga, apathy; noho heenua, countryman; noho kaiga, native; noho kenu, married; noho ke noho ke, to change place; noho muri, to stay behind; noho noa, invariable; noho opata, to stand on a cliff; noho pagaha, badly placed; noho pepe, table; noho tahaga, bachelor, unmarried; noho vie, married, noho no, apathy, stay-at-home, colonist, idler, inhabitant, inactive, immobile, settler, lazy, loiterer. Hakanoho, to abolish, to rent, to lease, to enslave, to dissuade, to exclude, to exempt, to install, to substitute, hostage. Hakanohohia, stopped. Nohoga, seat. Nohoturi, to kneel, genuflexion. Nohovaega, to preside. Churchill.

Cloak T. Churchill.

Nu'a 1. Thick; piled one on top of the other, as leis, mats, or ocean swells; heaped; lush, thick-growing; much traveled, as a road; multitude, as of people, mass. Also hānu'a. Moena kumu nu'a, a sleeping mat made thick at one end to serve as a head rest; lit. 'mat piled beginning'. Nu'a moena, a heap of mats. Nu'a kanaka, many people. Haki nu'a ka uahi i ke kai, the spray breaks in masses in the sea. Ka nu'a o ka palai, the thick clump of palai ferns. Ho'o nu'a, to heap up; to give generously and continuously; to indulge, as a child; surging, rising in swells, as the sea. 2. A kind of seaweed. Nu'a-kea, a goddess of lactation. Wehewehe.

Nuehine. Old woman. Churchill.

"[Englert 1948, 165:] '... se selia nombrar Ko te Nuahine káumu à rangi kote kote que significa: La vieja que enciende el curanto en el cielo kotekote. Puedo haber sido una personificación de la luna porque las viejos decían, comentando este nombre, que no es una montaña que seve en la luna, sino una mujer anciana que está suntada [sentada?] al lado un gran curanto umu pae (de piedras en circulo)." (Barthel)

1. Tai o, rippling water. (Compare in some sea sense - Mgv.: akao, a narrow arm of the sea, to throw stones into the water in order to drive fish into a net.) 2. Of. Mgv., Mq., Ta.: o, of. 3. A verb sign; o mua, at first; ina o nei, to be away (not-being-here). Churchill.

1. To delegate; rava oho, to root. 2. To go, to keep on going, to walk, to depart, to retire; ka oho, begone, good-bye; oho amua, to preced; oho mai, to come, to bring; oho arurua, to sail as consorts; hakaoho, to send, a messenger. 3. Tehe oho te ikapotu, to abut, adjoin; mei nei tehe i oho mai ai inei te ikapotu, as far as, to; kai oho, to abstain, to forego; hakaoho, to put on the brakes. 4. The head (only in the composite rauoho, hair). Churchill.

1. To approach, draw near; oi atu, to make room, begone; hakaoi, to toss about, hakaoi mai, close by, near at hand. Mgv.: oi, to approach, to draw near, to move, to shift place. 2. To pull up, to uproot, to devastate, to weed, to take out. Churchill.

Digging stick, stake, joist; to prick, to pierce, to stick a thing into, to drive into, to slaughter, to assassinate; kona oka kai, plantation; pahu oka, a drawer. Okaoka, a fork, to prick, to dig. Okahia, to prick. Churchill.

Rima omo, infidelity, faithless, unfaithful. Omoomo, to smack the lips, to suck the breast, to smoke tobacco, to taste of; hakaomoomo, to suckle, to paint. Churchill.

Ta.: Omotu, an ember, a coal. Mq.: komotu, omotu, firebrand. Churchill.

Ariki (o)motongi. Manuscript E:1.