TRANSLATIONS

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The Belly of the Sun. If the day is divided in 3 parts, then noon is the 'belly of the sun'.

 

207 148 115
Gb4-3 (324) Ga5-5 (116)
208 = 4 * 52 264 = 4 * 66
472 = 4 * 118

Once I thought Ga5-5 was the last glyph of spring because (among other factors) the parallel Kb1-10 had 26 as ordinal number counted from Ka4-14:

 

Ga5-4 Ga5-5 (116) Ga5-6 Ga5-7 Ga5-8 Ga5-9
- - - -
Kb1-9 Kb1-10 (26) Kb1-11
6
Ga3-22 Ga3-23 Ga3-24
Ka4-13 Ka4-14 (0) Ka4-15

The cycle-formed haú in Ka4-13 and the fat henua in Ka4-15, together with 4 * 15 = 60 and the period number 6 were a few of the factors which compelled me to draw the conclusion that spring equinox or some other cardinal point close by was marked by mago.

If a break then occurs after 26 glyphs (the ordinal number of Hanga Moria One) it would fit the picture - the sun king would have his last residence at Kb1-10. Then must follow a Rei glyph.

The break seems to be correlated with the point where the periods of G and K depart. Kb1-10 is located as the 4th glyph in the long (16 glyphs) 16th period according to K, but in G the parallel glyphs are divided into 3 periods with Ga5-5 (glyph number 116) in the 17th period. (In Ga3-22 haú has 16 'feathers'. The number of glyphs in the first glyph line on side b of K is 22 = 6 + 16.)

The appearance of 16 - shouted at us from several directions - could possibly be connected with the 260-day calendar beginning with Gb8-6 (the first glyph beyond One Tea) and ending at Te Pei:

 
Gb8-1 Gb8-2 Gb8-3 Gb8-4 Gb8-5
Gb8-6 (1) Gb8-7 Gb8-8 Gb8-9 Gb8-10
Ga8-26 Gb1-1 Gb1-2 Gb1-3
Gb1-4 Gb1-5 Gb1-6 (260) Gb1-7

Because 260 = 16 * 16 + 4.

Another of the main factors which at that time influenced me to decide midsummer was located immediately before Rei in Ga5-6 respectively Kb1-11, was the fact that the 'sun sails' changed side from left to right:

Ga5-10 Ga5-11 Ga5-12 Ga5-13 Ga5-14 Ga5-15 Ga5-16
...
Kb1-12 Kb1-13 Kb1-14 Kb1-15 Kb1-16 *Kb1-19

Reflecting on why Ga5-5 is a composition involving maitaki and henua, it follows from what I have written (that henua probably means the earth and maitaki possibly the high sky dome above) that there is a 'conjunction' between heaven and earth:

 
Ga5-5 (116) Kb1-9 Kb1-10 (26)

When heaven and earth enter into close embrace - as it once was in the beginning - there is no light beams keeping them apart. In other words, the clouds cover the sky.

I have suggested Te Manavai (the female earth eagerly waiting) as the event, but Te Poko Uri (the black thunder) is also a possibility:

Ga5-4 Ga5-5 (116) Ga5-6 Ga5-7 Ga5-8 Ga5-9

Maybe the dark fat bird in Ga5-8 is a Thunder Bird? But it should be a she, because an egg is at bottom. The 'side crater' Manavai should be at the spring side of the year.

Judging from Manuscript E and the commentaries in Barthel 2, we can add as evidence:

"The list [of plants brought from Hiva] is headed by two trees of high economic value: hauhau (Triumfetta semitriloba) and mahute (Broussonetia papyrifera). Both were indispensable since all types of fasteners (lines, twine, cords, ropes, and rigging) and bark cloth (tapa) were made from them."

Mahute trees were grown in manavai:

Manavai

Hollow where rainwater accumulates; anciently, small, round gardens, preferably situated in low shady spots, where the mahute tree was grown. Vanaga.

1. Brain. 2. Valley, ravine, river, torrent, brook; manavai miro, orchard, Mq.: manavai, valley, brook. Ta.: anavai, river, brook. It scarcely appears that these are fully coordinate. In Tahiti anavai has a clear etymology, ana meaning the bed of a stream. In Rapanui and in the Marquesas mana most readily associates with maga, as water in a forked bed. Churchill.

Manavai is a female place. We should remember how Hina was beating white tapa and made such irritating noise (like thunder, poko) that she was flung to the moon.

Poko

1. Fragrant; to smell, to give off a smell: he-poko te eo, it gives off a pleasant smell. 2. To hunt, to catch with a trap, to snare. He-kî e Tori: maaku-á e-ea ki te manu, e-poko i te po i ruga i te opata. Tori said: I shall go and catch birds at night, up on the cliff. 3. Thunder (also hatutiri). 4. (Also: pokopoko.) Hollow, hole, depression, any deep, concave object; to leave in a hole, in a depression. Pokoga, chasm; summit. Pokohata, female rat: kio'e pokohata. Pokopoko, woman bent under the weight of her years: vî'e pokopoko. Vanaga.

1. Sound of the sea; tai poko, breakers. Pokopoko, to slap water. Mgv.: pokokina, resonant, clear-toned. Mq.: poko, to slap the water in imitation of drumming; pokokina, sound of water. 2. Rut, beaten path. P Pau.: poko, hollow; pokopoko, concave, to excavate. Mgv.: poko, to dig, to excavate, to hollow out. Mq.: pokoko, to crack open; pokona, to hollow out, to excavate. Ta.: poópoó, hollow, deep. 3. Infernal; pokoga, hell, infernal cave; topa ki te pokoga, to damn (lit: to go down to hell.) Mq.: pokona, cavity, hole. Churchill.

Pokopoko: 1. Womb. PS Sa.: po'opo'o, clitoris. Mq.: pokopoko, pudendum muliebre. 2. Pokopoko vae, footprints. 3. Concave, deep, ditch, mysterious; pokopoko ihu, nostril (Ta.: poópoó ihu); pokopoko ke, fathomless; pokopoko taheta, concave. Hakapokopoko, to deepen. Chuchill.

To make a snare, to catch in a trap (poko), you need hauhau or mahute. And we should remember the kava ceremony:

... The water of the kava, however, has a different symbolic provenance. The classic Cakaudrove kava chant, performed at the Lau installation rites, refers to it as sacred rain water from the heavens... This male and chiefly water (semen) in the womb of a kava bowl whose feet are called 'breasts' (sucu),

(pictures from Lindqvist showing very old Chinese cooking vessels)

and from the front of which, tied to the upper part of an inverted triangle, a sacred cord stretches out toward the chief ... 

The cord is decorated with small white cowries, not only a sign of chieftainship but by name, buli leka, a continuation of the metaphor of birth - buli, 'to form', refers in Fijian procreation theory to the conceptual acception of the male in the body of the woman. The sacrificed child of the people will thus give birth to the chief ...

... I pass over the preliminary installation of the chief as Tui Nayau at Nayau Island, though its significance will be taken into account. The ensuing investiture of the Tui Nayau as paramount of Lau consciously follows the legend of an original odyssey, which brought the ancestral holder of the title into power at Lakeba, ruling island of the Lau Group. The chief thus makes his appearance at Lakeba from the sea, as a stranger to the land. Disembarking at the capital village of Tubou, he is led first to the chiefly house (vale levu) and next day to the central ceremonial ground (raaraa) of the island. 

At both stages of this progression, the pretender is led along a path of barkcloth by local chieftains of the land. In Lau, this barkcloth is prescriptively a type considered foreign by origin, Tongan barkcloth. Later, at the kava ceremony constituting the main ritual of investiture, a native chieftain will bind a piece of white Fijian tapa about the paramount's arm. The sequence of barkcloths, together with the sequence of movements to the central ceremonial ground, recapitulate the correlated legendary passages of Tui Nayau from foreign to domestic, sea to land, and periphery to center.  

The Fijian barkcloth that in the end captures the chief represents his capture of the land: upon installation, he is said to hold the 'barkcloth of the land' (masi ni vanua). The barkcloth thus has deeper significance. In general ritual usage, barkcloth serves as 'the path of the god'. Hanging from the rafters at the rear, sacred end of the ancient temple, it is the avenue by which the god descends to enter the priest ...

Mako'i comes over the sea, he is the new king for the island: 'In Hiva the land belongs to him [Hau Maka] - this land here is mine, not his!'

He takes possession of the land at the proper time of course. I guess the time is Te Manavai. The central ceremonial ground, on the other hand, is raaraa which we have learned from Metoro is 'midnight':

a1-37 Aa1-38 Aa1-39 Aa1-40 Aa1-41
e ia toa tauuru - ehu e ia toa tauuru - ehu e ia toa tauuru - no te uru nuku e ia toa tauuru e tauru papagete
Aa1-42 Aa1-43 Aa1-44
e ia toa tauuruuru raaraa e ia toa tauuru
Aa1-45 Aa1-46 Aa1-47 Aa1-48
i te fenua - e ia toa tauuru - ma te hokohuki - e ika no te tagata ma te tauuru ki te ragi e tauuru no te henua

Maybe Metoro tried to give a hint of the foreign origin of the king arriving in spring by canoe (tao) when he said fenua instead of henua.

There are also trees involved, and we know hardly anything yet about trees. I would like to quote from The Golden Bough:

"How serious that worship [tree worship] was in former times may be gathered from the ferocious penalty appointed by the old German laws for such as dared to peel the bark of a standing tree. The culprit's navel was to be cut out and nailed to the part of the tree which he had peeled, and he was to be driven round and round the tree till all his guts were wound about its trunk."

This piece of the puzzle can be put side by side with the following:

"When casting a rain spell, the priest covered himself with sandalwood leaves (Brown 1924:119), and pieces of sandalwood and broken coconuts were used to concoct a harmful spell, which was used by the king (RM:143)." (Barthel 2)

Ahi

Fire; he-tutu i te ahi to light a fire. Ahiahi = evening; ahiahi-ata, the last moments of light before nightfall. Vanaga.

1. Candle, stove, fire (vahi); ahi hakapura, match; ahi hakagaiei, firebrand waved as a night signal. P Mgv.: ahi, fire, flame. Mq.: ahi, fire, match, percussion cap. Ta.: ahi, fire, percussion cap, wick, stove. 2. To be night; agatahi ahi atu, day before yesterday. 3. Pau.: ahi, sandalwood. Ta.: ahi, id. Mq.: auahi, a variety of breadfruit. Sa.: asi, sandalwood. Ha.: ili-ahi, id. Ahiahi, afternoon, night; kai ahiahi, supper. P Pau., Mgv., Mq., Ta.: ahiahi, afternoon, evening. Ahipipi (ahi 1 - pipi 2) a spark, to flash. Churchill.

Nau(nau)

Sandalwood which used to grow on the steep slopes of the coast: nau opata. Vanaga.

The Sandalwood (Santalum) tree. During the birdman ceremonies at Orongo, a piece of sandalwood was tied to the arm with which the victorious birdman held up the egg of the sooty tern. Barthel 2.

... He [Oroi] went into a (grove of ) sandalwood. He had hidden there so he could watch the arrival of the king and (at the moment when) the foot (of the king touched the loop) quickly pull the rope. Then Oroi would come out immediately and kill the king ... Barthel 2.

Ora

1. Healthy; to recover, to be saved (from an illness or a danger): ku-ora-á, ina kai mate, he recovered, he did not die; ku-ora-á te haoa, the wound has healed; e-ora-no-á, he is still alive; ora-hakaou mai, to come back to life; ora ké, what a pleasant breeze! (lit: how healthy!). 2. Stick for spinning top (made from the shell of a sandalwood nut) with which children make the top spin. Vanaga.

1. December, January. Ora nui, November, October. 2. To live, to exist, to draw breath, to survive, to subsist, to be well, healthy, safe, to refresh, a pause, rest, ease; e ko ora, incurable; ora tuhai, previous existence; ora iho, to resuscitate, to revive; ora nui, vigorous; oraga, life, existence; oraga roaroa, oraga roaroa ke, oraga ina kai mou, immortality; oraga kore, lifeless; oraga mau, oraga ihoiho, vivacious; oraora, oraora no iti, to be better; hakaora, to draw breath, to revive, to strengthen, healthy, to sanctify, to animate, to save, to repose, to cure, to rest, to comfort, to assuage; hakaora ina kai mou, to immortalize; hakaoratagata, Messiah, Saviour. 3. To give water to; kua ora te kevare, to water a horse; hakaunu ora, to water. 4. To staunch, to stop the flow of a liquid. 5. To make an escape; hakaora, to discharge, to deliver, to set free. 6. To be awake (probably ara); hakaora to guard. 7. A zephyr, light wind; kona ora, a breezy spot; ahau ora, agreeable breeze. Churchill.

Ola, life, health, well-being, living, livelihood, means of support, salvation; alive, living; curable, spared, recovered, healed; to live; to spare, save, heal, grant life, survive, thrive. Ola loa, long life, longevity, Ola 'ana, life, existence. Wehewehe.

The explorers reach Easter Island in a 'canoe' (vaka). The name of their craft is given as Oraorangaru 'saved from the billows' (Brown 1924:40) or Te Oraora-miro 'the living-wood' (ME:58). The Routledge reference 'Each (man went) on a piece of wood' (RM:278) also seems to refer to the name of the canoe. As far back as 1934, the name was no longer understood. I favor the following explanation: The difficulty in interpreting the name of the canoe of the explorers arises from the name segment oraora. To begin with, the compound form oraora ngaru should be analyzed in comparison with other Polynesian compounds, such as MAO. pare-ngaru 'that which fends off the waves' (i.e., the hull of the boat), TAH. tere-'aru 'that which moves through the waves' (i.e., riding the waves on a board). There are several possible translations for oraora as the reduplication of ora. Te Oraora Miro can be translated as 'the pieces of wood, tightly lashed together' (compare TAH. oraora 'to set close together, to fit parts of a canoe') and be taken to refer to the method of construction of the explorer canoe, while Oraora Ngaru means 'that which parts the water like a wedge', or 'that which saves (one) from the waves, that which is stronger that the waves'." (Barthel 2)

Mako'i is a tree, but it could allude to ma-koi ('with', ma, 'the sharp instrument', koi, - for incising marks):

Mako'i

The tree which on T. was called miro, Thespesia populnea. Van Tilburg.

Makoikoi, kidney T. Churchill.

Miro

1. Wood, stick; also (probably improperly) used for 'tree': miro tahiti, a tree from Tahiti (Melia azedarach); miro huru iti, shrub. 2. Wooden vessel (canoe, boat); today pahú (a Tahitian word) is more used, especially when speaking of modern boats. 3. Name of the tribe, of royal blood, descended from Ariki Hotu Matu'a. Vanaga.

Miro-oone, model boat made of earth in which the 'boat festivals' used to be celebrated. Vanaga. ... on the first day of the year the natives dress in navy uniforms and performs exercises which imitate the maneuvers of ships' crews ... Métraux.

Tree, plant, wood, plank, ship, building; miro hokuhoku, bush, thicket; miro takataka, bush; miro tupu, tree; miro vavau, switch. Miroahi, firebrand. Mimiro, compass, to roll one over another, to turn in a circle. P Pau.: miro, to rope. Churchill.

1. Wood. 2. Ship (Ko te rua o te raa i tu'i ai te miro ki Rikitea tupuaki ki Magareva = On the second day the boat arrived at Rikitea which is close to Mangareva. He patu mai i te puaka mo ma'u ki ruga ki te miro = They corralled the cattle in order to carry them on to the boat.) Krupa.

T. 1. The tree Thespesia populnea. ... a fine tree with bright-green heart-shaped leaves and a yellow flower resembling that of the fau, but not opening wide. The fruit is hemispherical and about twice the size of a walnut, consisting of brittle shell in which are several septa, each containing a single seed. The wood resembles rosewood and is of much the same texture. Formerly, this tree was held sacred. Henry. 2. Rock. (To'a-te-miro = Long-standing-rock.) Henry.

Kai

1. Ina kai; verbal negation (but not used with the imperative); ina kai kai matou, we have not eaten. 2. To eat; meal. 3. Fruits or produces of the land, vegetables, edible plants. 4. Figuratively: he-kai ite rogorogo, to recite the inscriptions kohau rogorogo (as spiritual food). 5. Eclipse: ku-kai-á te raá, te mahina, the sun, the moon has been eaten (eclipsed). Vanaga.

1. Negative; kai rogo, to fast; kai oho, to forego; kai maa, to be ignorant, to doubt; vave kai kohe, inaccessible; ina kai, see ina 1. Ta.: ai, no. 2. To undergo, to suffer. 3. Sharp, cutting. T Mgv.: koi, koikoi, pointed, sharp, adapted for cutting; kokoi, prickly, stinging, irritating. Mq.: koi, sharp, cutting. Ta.: oi, sharp, keen. Since this is the only language which has kai in this sense the possibility of typographical error should not be overlooked. The form koi outside of Southeast Polynesia is found in Maori, Rarotonga and Hawaii. 4. To eat, to feed, to feast; food, meat, a meal, repast; kai nui, provision, intemperate, voracious; kai no iti, sober, temperate; hue ki te kai, to victual; kai taria te kai, abundance, to abound; hakapee no kai hoao, abundance, to abound. Kaia, eaten. P Pau.: kai, food, to eat. Mgv.: kai, food, nourishment, to eat. Mq.: kai, ai, food, to eat. Ta.: ai, to eat. 5. Hakakai, to take, to attack. Mgv.: kai, to receive. Mq.: ai, to catch some one, to seek to surprise. Ta.: ai, to receive, to get possession of, to become master of. Churchill.

Kaihue, a heap of food. Kaikino, selfish, avaricious, faithless, ingrate, miserly, rascal. Mq.: kaikino, selfish, stingy, avaricious. Kaipurua, issue, outlet, egress. Kaitagata, cannibal; paoa kaitagata, cannibal, savage.  Kaiu, nursling, suckling. Pau.: kaiu, a child at the breast. Mq.: kaiu, child at the breast, unweaned, suckling, young of animals. Ta.: aiu, nursling. Churchill.

Pau.: Fakakai, earring. Ta.: faaai, ear ornament. Mq.: hakakai, id. Ma.: whakakai, id. Kaikaia, a league, a plot. Mgv.: kaia, cruel, cannibal. Ta.: aiaa, fault, sin. Mq.: kaia, quarrelsome. Ma.: kaia, to steal. Kaito, brave, robust. Ta.: aito, brave. Ma.: kaitoa, a brave man. Kaitoa, well and good! Ta.: aitoa, good! Ma.: kaitoa, id. Kaitura, bravery, manhood. Ta.: turatura, honored, exalted. Churchill.

Mgv.: Kaiota, raw food. Ta.: aiota, raw, ill cooked. Ma.: kaiota, id. Churchill.

Ta.: Ai, a bet, a wager, a game. Mq.: kai, to throw lots, to lose a game. Sa.: 'ai, a count toward the score of a game. Ma.: kai, a puzzling toy. Aihamu, to eat leavings. Mq.: kaihamu, id. Churchill.

Mq.: Kaiheehee, to go from place to place to enjoy feasts. Sa.: 'aisee, to beg food at feasts. Kaihue, thief. Ha.: aihue, to steal. Kaika, a meal, feast. Sa.: 'aiga, meal. Ha.: aina, id. Kaioto, a sort of hemorrhage, piles. Sa.: 'ailoto, a cancerous ulcer. Kaitu, to perfume oneself during a tabu period when it was forbidden. Ha.: aiku, to break a tabu. Churchill.

Mako'i could also be the 'midnight ship', miro-oone, the canoe beyond One Tea. Te Oraora Miro 'the pieces of wood, tightly lashed together' and Oraora Ngaru 'that which parts the water like a wedge' are also possible appellations, I think.

And the hemisperical fruit (of miro = mako'i) could very well be the origin of the 6 hemispherical signs of maitaki. Mako'i has the bamboo staff (kohi).

maitaki