TRANSLATIONS
The Belly of the Sun. If the
day is divided in 3 parts, then noon is the 'belly of the sun'.
207 |
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148 |
115 |
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Gb4-3 (324) |
Ga5-5 (116) |
208 = 4 * 52 |
264 = 4 * 66 |
472 = 4 * 118 |
Once I thought Ga5-5 was the
last glyph of spring because (among other factors) the parallel Kb1-10 had 26 as
ordinal number counted from Ka4-14:
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Ga5-4 |
Ga5-5 (116) |
Ga5-6 |
Ga5-7 |
Ga5-8 |
Ga5-9 |
- |
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- |
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Kb1-9 |
Kb1-10 (26) |
Kb1-11 |
6 |
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Ga3-22 |
Ga3-23 |
Ga3-24 |
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Ka4-13 |
Ka4-14 (0) |
Ka4-15 |
The cycle-formed haú in
Ka4-13 and the fat henua in Ka4-15, together with 4 * 15 = 60 and
the period number 6 were a few of the factors which compelled me to
draw the conclusion that spring equinox or some other cardinal point
close by was marked by mago.
If a break then occurs after 26 glyphs (the ordinal number of Hanga
Moria One) it would fit the picture - the sun king would have his
last residence at Kb1-10. Then must follow a Rei glyph.
The break seems to be correlated with the point where the periods of G
and K depart. Kb1-10 is located as the 4th glyph in the long (16 glyphs)
16th period according to K, but in G the parallel glyphs are divided
into 3 periods with Ga5-5 (glyph number 116) in the 17th period. (In
Ga3-22 haú has 16 'feathers'. The number of glyphs in the first
glyph line on side b of K is 22 = 6 + 16.)
The appearance of 16 - shouted at us from several directions - could
possibly be connected with the 260-day calendar beginning with Gb8-6
(the first glyph beyond One Tea) and ending at Te Pei:
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Gb8-1 |
Gb8-2 |
Gb8-3 |
Gb8-4 |
Gb8-5 |
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Gb8-6 (1) |
Gb8-7 |
Gb8-8 |
Gb8-9 |
Gb8-10 |
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Ga8-26 |
Gb1-1 |
Gb1-2 |
Gb1-3 |
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Gb1-4 |
Gb1-5 |
Gb1-6 (260) |
Gb1-7 |
Because 260 = 16 * 16 + 4.
Another of the main
factors which at that time influenced me to decide midsummer was located
immediately before Rei in Ga5-6 respectively Kb1-11, was the fact
that the 'sun sails' changed side from left to right:
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Ga5-10 |
Ga5-11 |
Ga5-12 |
Ga5-13 |
Ga5-14 |
Ga5-15 |
Ga5-16 |
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... |
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Kb1-12 |
Kb1-13 |
Kb1-14 |
Kb1-15 |
Kb1-16 |
*Kb1-19 |
Reflecting on why Ga5-5 is a
composition involving maitaki and henua, it follows from
what I have written (that henua probably means the earth and
maitaki possibly the high sky dome above) that there is a
'conjunction' between heaven and earth:
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Ga5-5 (116) |
Kb1-9 |
Kb1-10 (26) |
When heaven and earth enter
into close embrace - as it once was in the beginning - there is no
light beams keeping them apart. In other words, the clouds cover the
sky.
I have suggested Te Manavai
(the female earth eagerly waiting) as the event, but Te Poko Uri
(the black thunder) is also a possibility:
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Ga5-4 |
Ga5-5 (116) |
Ga5-6 |
Ga5-7 |
Ga5-8 |
Ga5-9 |
Maybe the dark
fat bird in Ga5-8 is a Thunder Bird? But it should be a
she, because an egg is at bottom. The 'side crater'
Manavai should be at the spring side of the year.
Judging from Manuscript E
and the commentaries in Barthel 2, we can add as evidence:
"The list
[of plants brought from Hiva] is headed by two trees of high
economic value: hauhau (Triumfetta semitriloba)
and mahute (Broussonetia papyrifera). Both were
indispensable since all types of fasteners (lines, twine, cords,
ropes, and rigging) and bark cloth (tapa) were made from
them."
Mahute trees were
grown in manavai:
Manavai
Hollow where rainwater accumulates;
anciently, small, round gardens, preferably situated in low
shady spots, where the mahute tree was grown. Vanaga.
1. Brain. 2. Valley, ravine, river,
torrent, brook; manavai miro, orchard, Mq.:
manavai, valley, brook. Ta.: anavai, river,
brook. It scarcely appears that these are fully coordinate.
In Tahiti anavai has a clear etymology, ana
meaning the bed of a stream. In Rapanui and in the Marquesas
mana most readily associates with maga, as
water in a forked bed. Churchill. |
Manavai is a female
place. We should remember how Hina was beating white tapa
and made such irritating noise (like thunder, poko) that she
was flung to the moon.
Poko 1. Fragrant; to smell, to
give off a smell: he-poko te eo, it gives off a
pleasant smell. 2. To hunt, to catch with a trap, to snare.
He-kî e Tori: maaku-á e-ea ki te manu, e-poko i te po i
ruga i te opata. Tori said: I shall go and catch birds
at night, up on the cliff. 3. Thunder (also hatutiri).
4. (Also: pokopoko.) Hollow, hole, depression, any
deep, concave object; to leave in a hole, in a depression.
Pokoga, chasm; summit. Pokohata, female rat:
kio'e pokohata. Pokopoko, woman bent under the
weight of her years: vî'e pokopoko. Vanaga.
1. Sound of the sea; tai poko,
breakers. Pokopoko, to slap water. Mgv.: pokokina,
resonant, clear-toned. Mq.: poko, to slap the water
in imitation of drumming; pokokina, sound of water.
2. Rut, beaten path. P Pau.: poko, hollow;
pokopoko, concave, to excavate. Mgv.: poko, to
dig, to excavate, to hollow out. Mq.: pokoko, to
crack open; pokona, to hollow out, to excavate. Ta.:
poópoó, hollow, deep. 3. Infernal; pokoga,
hell, infernal cave; topa ki te pokoga, to damn (lit:
to go down to hell.) Mq.: pokona, cavity, hole.
Churchill.
Pokopoko: 1. Womb. PS Sa.:
po'opo'o, clitoris. Mq.: pokopoko, pudendum
muliebre. 2. Pokopoko vae, footprints. 3.
Concave, deep, ditch, mysterious; pokopoko ihu,
nostril (Ta.: poópoó ihu); pokopoko
ke, fathomless; pokopoko taheta, concave.
Hakapokopoko, to deepen. Chuchill. |
To make a snare, to catch
in a trap (poko), you need hauhau or mahute.
And we should remember the kava ceremony:
... The water of the
kava, however, has a different symbolic
provenance. The classic Cakaudrove kava
chant, performed at the Lau installation rites,
refers to it as sacred rain water from the
heavens... This male and chiefly water (semen) in the
womb of a kava bowl whose feet are called
'breasts' (sucu),
(pictures from Lindqvist showing very old
Chinese cooking vessels)
and from the front of
which, tied to the upper part of an inverted triangle, a
sacred cord stretches out toward the chief ...
The cord is decorated
with small white cowries, not only a sign of
chieftainship but by name, buli leka, a
continuation of the metaphor of birth - buli, 'to
form', refers in Fijian procreation theory to the
conceptual acception of the male in the body of the
woman. The sacrificed child of the people will thus give
birth to the chief ... |
... I pass
over the preliminary installation of the chief as Tui
Nayau at Nayau Island, though its
significance will be taken into account. The ensuing
investiture of the Tui Nayau as paramount of
Lau consciously follows the legend of an original
odyssey, which brought the ancestral holder of the title
into power at Lakeba, ruling island of the Lau
Group. The chief thus makes his appearance at Lakeba
from the sea, as a stranger to the land. Disembarking at
the capital village of Tubou, he is led first to
the chiefly house (vale levu) and next day to the
central ceremonial ground (raaraa) of the
island.
At both
stages of this progression, the pretender is led along a
path of barkcloth by local chieftains of the land. In
Lau, this barkcloth is prescriptively a type
considered foreign by origin, Tongan barkcloth. Later,
at the kava ceremony constituting the main ritual
of investiture, a native chieftain will bind a piece of
white Fijian tapa about the paramount's arm. The
sequence of barkcloths, together with the sequence of
movements to the central ceremonial ground, recapitulate
the correlated legendary passages of Tui Nayau
from foreign to domestic, sea to land, and periphery to
center.
The Fijian
barkcloth that in the end captures the chief represents
his capture of the land: upon installation, he is said
to hold the 'barkcloth of the land' (masi ni vanua). The
barkcloth thus has deeper significance. In general
ritual usage, barkcloth serves as 'the path of the god'.
Hanging from the rafters at the rear, sacred end of the
ancient temple, it is the avenue by which the god
descends to enter the priest ... |
Mako'i comes over
the sea, he is the new king for the island: 'In Hiva the land belongs to him
[Hau Maka] - this land here is
mine, not his!'
He takes possession of the
land at the proper time of course. I guess the time is Te Manavai.
The central ceremonial ground, on the other hand, is raaraa
which we have learned from Metoro is 'midnight':
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a1-37 |
Aa1-38 |
Aa1-39 |
Aa1-40 |
Aa1-41 |
e ia toa tauuru -
ehu |
e ia toa tauuru -
ehu |
e ia toa tauuru -
no te uru nuku |
e ia toa tauuru |
e tauru papagete |
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Aa1-42 |
Aa1-43 |
Aa1-44 |
e ia
toa tauuruuru raaraa |
e ia toa tauuru |
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Aa1-45 |
Aa1-46 |
Aa1-47 |
Aa1-48 |
i te
fenua - e ia toa
tauuru - ma te hokohuki - e ika no te tagata |
ma te tauuru ki te
ragi |
e tauuru no te
henua |
Maybe
Metoro tried to give a hint of the foreign origin of the
king arriving in spring by canoe (tao) when he said
fenua instead of henua.
There are also trees
involved, and we know hardly anything yet about trees. I would
like to quote from The Golden Bough:
"How
serious that worship [tree worship] was in former times may be
gathered from the ferocious penalty appointed by the old German
laws for such as dared to peel the bark of a standing tree. The
culprit's navel was to be cut out and nailed to the part of the
tree which he had peeled, and he was to be driven round and
round the tree till all his guts were wound about its trunk."
This piece of the
puzzle can be put side by side with the following:
"When
casting a rain spell, the priest covered himself with sandalwood
leaves (Brown 1924:119), and pieces of sandalwood and broken
coconuts were used to concoct a harmful spell, which was used by
the king (RM:143)." (Barthel 2)
Ahi
Fire; he-tutu i te ahi to
light a fire. Ahiahi = evening;
ahiahi-ata, the last moments of light before
nightfall. Vanaga.
1. Candle, stove, fire (vahi);
ahi hakapura, match; ahi hakagaiei,
firebrand waved as a night signal. P Mgv.: ahi,
fire, flame. Mq.: ahi, fire, match,
percussion cap. Ta.: ahi, fire, percussion
cap, wick, stove. 2. To be night; agatahi ahi atu,
day before yesterday. 3. Pau.: ahi,
sandalwood.
Ta.: ahi, id. Mq.: auahi, a variety of
breadfruit. Sa.: asi, sandalwood. Ha.:
ili-ahi, id. Ahiahi, afternoon, night;
kai ahiahi, supper. P Pau., Mgv., Mq., Ta.:
ahiahi, afternoon, evening. Ahipipi (ahi
1 - pipi 2) a spark, to flash. Churchill. |
Nau(nau)
Sandalwood which used to grow on the
steep slopes of the coast: nau opata. Vanaga.
The Sandalwood (Santalum)
tree. During the birdman ceremonies at Orongo,
a piece of sandalwood was tied to the arm with which
the victorious birdman held up the egg of the sooty
tern. Barthel 2.
... He [Oroi]
went into a (grove of ) sandalwood. He had hidden
there so he could watch the arrival of the king and
(at the moment when) the foot (of the king touched
the loop) quickly pull the rope. Then Oroi
would come out immediately and kill the king ...
Barthel 2. |
Ora
1. Healthy; to recover, to be saved
(from an illness or a danger): ku-ora-á, ina kai
mate, he recovered, he did not die; ku-ora-á
te haoa, the wound has healed; e-ora-no-á,
he is still alive; ora-hakaou mai, to
come back to life; ora ké, what a pleasant
breeze! (lit: how healthy!). 2. Stick for spinning
top (made from the shell of a
sandalwood nut) with which
children make the top spin. Vanaga.
1. December, January. Ora nui,
November, October. 2. To live, to exist, to draw
breath, to survive, to subsist, to be well, healthy,
safe, to refresh, a pause, rest, ease; e ko ora,
incurable; ora tuhai, previous existence;
ora iho, to resuscitate, to revive; ora nui,
vigorous; oraga, life, existence; oraga
roaroa, oraga roaroa ke, oraga
ina kai mou, immortality; oraga kore,
lifeless; oraga mau, oraga ihoiho,
vivacious; oraora, oraora no iti, to
be better; hakaora, to draw breath, to
revive, to strengthen, healthy, to sanctify, to
animate, to save, to repose, to cure, to rest, to
comfort, to assuage; hakaora ina kai mou, to
immortalize; hakaoratagata, Messiah, Saviour.
3. To give water to; kua ora te kevare, to
water a horse; hakaunu ora, to water. 4. To
staunch, to stop the flow of a liquid. 5. To make an
escape; hakaora, to discharge, to deliver, to
set free. 6. To be awake (probably ara);
hakaora to guard. 7. A zephyr, light wind;
kona ora, a breezy spot; ahau ora,
agreeable breeze. Churchill.
Ola, life, health,
well-being, living, livelihood, means of support,
salvation; alive, living; curable, spared,
recovered, healed; to live; to spare, save, heal,
grant life, survive, thrive. Ola loa, long
life, longevity, Ola 'ana, life, existence.
Wehewehe.
The explorers reach
Easter Island in a 'canoe' (vaka). The name
of their craft is given as Oraorangaru 'saved
from the billows' (Brown 1924:40) or Te
Oraora-miro 'the living-wood' (ME:58). The
Routledge reference 'Each (man went) on a piece of
wood' (RM:278) also seems to refer to the name of
the canoe. As far back as 1934, the name was no
longer understood. I favor the following
explanation: The difficulty in interpreting the name
of the canoe of the explorers arises from the name
segment oraora. To begin with, the compound
form oraora ngaru should be analyzed
in comparison with other Polynesian compounds, such
as MAO. pare-ngaru 'that which fends off the
waves' (i.e., the hull of the boat), TAH.
tere-'aru 'that which moves through the waves'
(i.e., riding the waves on a board). There are
several possible translations for oraora as
the reduplication of ora. Te Oraora Miro
can be translated as 'the pieces of wood, tightly
lashed together' (compare TAH. oraora 'to set
close together, to fit parts of a canoe') and be
taken to refer to the method of construction of the
explorer canoe, while Oraora Ngaru means
'that which parts the water like a wedge', or 'that
which saves (one) from the waves, that which is
stronger that the waves'." (Barthel 2) |
Mako'i is a
tree, but it could allude to ma-koi ('with', ma, 'the sharp
instrument', koi, - for incising marks):
Mako'i
The tree which on T. was called miro,
Thespesia populnea. Van Tilburg.
Makoikoi, kidney T. Churchill. |
Miro
1. Wood, stick; also (probably
improperly) used for 'tree': miro tahiti, a tree
from Tahiti (Melia azedarach); miro huru iti,
shrub. 2. Wooden vessel (canoe, boat); today pahú
(a Tahitian word) is more used, especially when speaking
of modern boats. 3. Name of the tribe, of royal blood,
descended from Ariki Hotu Matu'a. Vanaga.
Miro-oone, model boat made of
earth in which the 'boat festivals' used to be
celebrated. Vanaga.
... on the
first day of the year the natives dress in navy uniforms
and performs exercises which imitate the maneuvers of
ships' crews ... Métraux.
Tree, plant, wood, plank, ship,
building; miro hokuhoku, bush, thicket; miro
takataka, bush; miro tupu, tree; miro
vavau, switch. Miroahi, firebrand. Mimiro,
compass, to roll one over another, to turn in a circle.
P Pau.: miro, to rope. Churchill.
1. Wood. 2. Ship (Ko te rua o te
raa i tu'i ai te miro ki Rikitea tupuaki ki Magareva
= On the second day the boat arrived at Rikitea which is
close to Mangareva. He patu mai i te puaka mo ma'u ki
ruga ki te miro = They corralled the cattle in order
to carry them on to the boat.) Krupa.
T. 1. The tree Thespesia populnea.
... a fine tree with bright-green heart-shaped leaves
and a yellow flower resembling that of the fau,
but not opening wide. The fruit is hemispherical and
about twice the size of a walnut, consisting of brittle
shell in which are several septa, each containing a
single seed. The wood resembles rosewood and is of much
the same texture. Formerly, this tree was held sacred.
Henry. 2. Rock. (To'a-te-miro =
Long-standing-rock.) Henry. |
Kai
1. Ina kai; verbal negation (but
not used with the imperative); ina kai kai matou,
we have not eaten. 2. To eat; meal. 3. Fruits or
produces of the land, vegetables, edible plants. 4.
Figuratively: he-kai ite rogorogo, to recite the
inscriptions kohau rogorogo (as spiritual food).
5. Eclipse: ku-kai-á te raá, te mahina, the sun,
the moon has been eaten (eclipsed). Vanaga.
1. Negative; kai rogo, to fast;
kai oho, to forego; kai maa, to be
ignorant, to doubt; vave kai kohe, inaccessible;
ina kai, see ina 1. Ta.: ai, no. 2.
To undergo, to suffer. 3. Sharp, cutting. T Mgv.:
koi,
koikoi, pointed, sharp, adapted for cutting;
kokoi, prickly, stinging, irritating. Mq.: koi,
sharp, cutting. Ta.: oi, sharp, keen. Since this
is the only language which has kai in this sense
the possibility of typographical error should not be
overlooked. The form koi outside of Southeast
Polynesia is found in Maori, Rarotonga and Hawaii. 4. To
eat, to feed, to feast; food, meat, a meal, repast;
kai nui, provision, intemperate, voracious; kai
no iti, sober, temperate; hue ki te kai, to
victual; kai taria te kai, abundance, to abound;
hakapee no kai hoao, abundance, to abound.
Kaia, eaten. P Pau.: kai, food, to eat. Mgv.:
kai, food, nourishment, to eat. Mq.: kai,
ai, food, to eat. Ta.: ai, to eat. 5.
Hakakai, to take, to attack. Mgv.: kai, to
receive. Mq.: ai, to catch some one, to seek to
surprise. Ta.: ai, to receive, to get possession
of, to become master of. Churchill.
Kaihue, a heap of food.
Kaikino, selfish, avaricious, faithless, ingrate,
miserly, rascal. Mq.: kaikino, selfish,
stingy, avaricious. Kaipurua, issue, outlet,
egress. Kaitagata, cannibal; paoa
kaitagata, cannibal, savage. Kaiu, nursling,
suckling. Pau.: kaiu, a child at the breast. Mq.:
kaiu, child at the breast, unweaned, suckling,
young of animals. Ta.: aiu, nursling. Churchill.
Pau.: Fakakai, earring. Ta.:
faaai, ear ornament. Mq.: hakakai, id. Ma.:
whakakai, id. Kaikaia, a league, a plot.
Mgv.: kaia, cruel, cannibal. Ta.: aiaa,
fault, sin. Mq.: kaia, quarrelsome. Ma.: kaia,
to steal. Kaito, brave, robust. Ta.: aito,
brave. Ma.: kaitoa, a brave man. Kaitoa,
well and good! Ta.: aitoa, good! Ma.: kaitoa,
id. Kaitura, bravery, manhood. Ta.: turatura,
honored, exalted. Churchill.
Mgv.: Kaiota, raw food. Ta.:
aiota, raw, ill cooked. Ma.: kaiota, id.
Churchill.
Ta.: Ai, a bet, a wager, a
game. Mq.: kai, to throw lots, to lose a game.
Sa.: 'ai, a count toward the score of a game.
Ma.: kai, a puzzling toy. Aihamu, to eat
leavings. Mq.: kaihamu, id. Churchill.
Mq.: Kaiheehee, to go from
place to place to enjoy feasts. Sa.: 'aisee, to
beg food at feasts. Kaihue, thief. Ha.: aihue,
to steal. Kaika, a meal, feast. Sa.: 'aiga,
meal. Ha.: aina, id. Kaioto, a sort of
hemorrhage, piles. Sa.: 'ailoto, a cancerous
ulcer. Kaitu, to perfume oneself during a tabu
period when it was forbidden. Ha.: aiku, to break
a tabu. Churchill. |
Mako'i could
also be the 'midnight ship', miro-oone, the canoe beyond
One Tea. Te Oraora Miro 'the pieces of wood, tightly
lashed together' and Oraora Ngaru 'that which parts the
water like a wedge' are also possible appellations, I think.
And the hemisperical
fruit (of miro = mako'i) could very well be the
origin of the 6 hemispherical signs of maitaki. Mako'i
has the bamboo staff (kohi).
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maitaki |
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