TRANSLATIONS

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Mauga:

 

A few preliminary remarks and imaginations:

1. There is a certain similarity in shape between mauga (mountain) glyphs and the Egyptian hieroglyph for tree (nehet):

Trees and mountains give shadow from the sunlight.

Another property of trees and mountains (on which trees often grow - in contrast to the open ploughed fields) is to be a hindrance for watchful eyes. Trees and mountains therefore tend to be a haven for fugitives and for people in opposition to the rulers.

In a relief from the Amon Temple of Karnak there is a picture where the Syrian enemies of Pharaoh Seti I are hiding among trees:

(Wilkinson)

Top left in the picture is a curious arrangement. The people are not up in trees, but they look like Syrians. Maybe they are up behind walls and defending themselves? No, the gestures are peaceful. Are the walls partly demolished?

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2. According to a BBC produced TV progam (documented in the book 'Japanese') the glyph for 'east' (too) - as in Tookyoo ('Eastern Capital') - is derived from a picture of a tree behind which sun is rising ( '... often explained as the sun rising behind a tree ...'):

It is a faulty explanation. Anciently it was instead a picture of a wooden pole (the vertical in the middle) for carrying things on, more specifically a pole thrust through a tied sack.

Inside a tied sack, of course, it is absolutely black. I guess the wooden pole was once associated with the world tree and it went right through the 'sack', i.e. the darkest time of the year at winter solstice.

Heke is one of words Metoro used at mauga glyphs. It means (among other things) an octopus (8 feet).

According to Barthel 2: '... kahukahu o heke, an octopus hiding in his ink'.

Arriving at the last (8th) section of the cycle a dark sack is waiting for the sun.

In the 29th night of the moon it cannot be seen. The sun has a longer cycle, but at the end also he must disappear for a while.

The word 'while' looks suspiciously like 'wheel' (as in wheel of time), I think. According to English Etymology, though, nothing of the sort is mentioned. Instead I find:

while ... based on accus. of OE. hwil = OFris. hwile ... ON. hvíla bed ... cf. ON. hvíla, hvíld rest, repose ...

It makes sense, the sun must take a rest. 'Wheel' is the opposite of 'while', a symbol for movement.

 

3. A mauga glyph normally has a rhomb-like bulge, not seen in the Egyptian nehet glyph:

The sun is not formed like a rhomb. Instead the rhomb probably is a picture of the earth, which has 4 sides and 4 corners. It is not hard to imagine the proper 'map' to be like a rhomb rather than a square - right and left are the equinoxes (east and west), at top and bottom are the solstices (north and south):

This Egyptian picture (from Wilkinson) shows how the 4 wings delineate a rhomb. In the middle at bottom is a door in the east through which sun (the beetle) moves up. At left is north (shown by the snake-like head ornament in the crown of Lower Egypt) and at right is south (shown by the crown of Upper Egypt).

Only by imagining looking up at the sky, lying down with feet towards east and head towards west, does the picture agree with the cardinal directions.

In mauga glyphs the rhomb is never drawn as if a separate unit. Therefore mauga and earth probably are the same. The translation of the picture becomes 'the shadow of earth'. It cannot mean the shadow which earth casts upon the stellar person in question. Instead it ought to mean the shadow in which earth is lying. The stellar persons do not stop shining, it is an illusion because we are in the shadow.

If we are in the shadow, then there must be some object casting this shadow. If sun is not inside a sack, bound so he cannot move for a while, then there must be something between the sun and us, hiding - or at least - diminishing his light.

For those living in India the natural explanation must have been the Himalayas. Mountains disturb the sight.