Mara. To start rotting, going bad (e.g. a lobster, a fish). See also mamara. Vanaga. Mgv.: mara, open land, cultivated field. Mq.: mara, maa, land under tilth. Ta.: amara, the first stone of a marae, etc. Sa.: mala, a new plantation. Ma.: mara, land under tilth. Churchill. Sa.: malae, the town green. Nukuoro: malae, a cleared space, an open place, a plantation. To.: malae, a gree, a grass plot ... Ha.: malae, smooth (as a plain) ... Ma.: marae, an inclosed place in front of a house. Ta.: marae, the sacred place of worship ... Vi.: mara, a burying place ... In note 261 I have advanced the opinion that malae is in form a conditional derivative of lae. This holds of the signification found in Nuclear Polynesia. The secondary sense which the Tongafiti carried to eastern Polynesia has obscured the lae element; but the sacrosanct content of the marae in the four-godded theology of eastern Polynesia is after all but a logical outgrowth of the Nuclear Polynesian malae as the civic center of social life where god is sole, surpreme - and Lucretian ... Churchill 2.

Mamara. 1. Ill fame, bad reputation. kope mamara, suspicious youngster. 2. Way of living, habits. 3. Bad-tempered; e-û i koe, ko te korohua ena, korohua mamara; raá mo rivariva, raá mo riri. be careful with that old fellow, for he is bad-tempered; some days he is fine, some days he is cranky. 4. Sling stone. Vanaga. 1. Charcoal, coal, tin, lead (maramara). 2. To sparkle, to flash. 3. Mamara nui, to swell up, to roll; mamarahaga, ball. Churchill.

1	he hiva matua	a Bau. a Oti.
2	he hiva poki
3	he renga moe tahi teatea
4	he renga moe tahi uriuri
5	he uru omo.
6	he ree aniho.
7	he ha.u pu.uriuri
8	he ha.u.pu.teatea
9	he okeoke
10	he apuka.
11	he ure vai.
12	he paiki.
13	he uriuri.
14	he piu tahi.
15	he tuitui koviro.
16	he aro piro.
17	he pekepeke mea.
18	he pekepeke uri.
19	he aringa rikiriki.
20	he tua tea.
20	he mamari kiakia.

FEBR 24	25 (56)	26 (422)	2-27	*28 (344)**	13

Gb8-6	Gb8-7 (448)	Gb8-8	Gb8-9	Gb8-10 (222)
μ Arietis (39.4), HEAD OF THE FLY = 35 Arietis (39.6), KAFFALJIDHMA (Part of a Hand) = γ Ceti, θ Persei (39.8)	π Ceti, ο Arietis (40.0), ANGETENAR (Bend in the River) = τ¹ Eridani, μ Ceti (40.2), RIGHT WING = 39 Arietis (40.9)	*Bharani-2 (Yoni) / Stomach-17 (Pheasant)* π Arietis (41.2), MIRAM (Next to the Pleiades) = η Persei (41.3), BHARANI = 41 Arietis (41.4), τ² Eridani, σ Arietis (41.7)	TA LING (Great Mound) = τ Persei (42.4) 1.0 = 42.4 - *41.4	ρ Arietis (43.0), GORGONEA SECUNDA = π Persei (43.5), ACAMAR (End of the River) = θ Eridani (43.6), ε Arietis (43.7), λ Ceti (43.9) ~~DENEBOLA (β Leonis)~~

April 29	30	*May 1 (41)**	2 (122)	*3 (408)**
°April 25	*26 (36)**	27	28 (118)	*29 (404)**
'April 2 (92)	3	*4 (14)**	5 (460)	6
"March 19 (78)	*20 (364)**	0h	22 (446)	23
39 he rai atanga	40 he ravi kana	41 he ravi pako	1 he hiva matua	2 he hiva poki

3-14 (73)	MARCH 15	16	17	18	19	*20 (364)**

Gb8-24 (465)	Gb8-25	Gb8-26	Gb8-27	Gb8-28	Gb8-29	Gb8-30 (242)
MENKHIB (Next to the Pleiades = ζ Persei (57.6) ~~PORRIMA (γ Virginis)~~	ZAURAK (Boat) = γ Eridani (58.9)	λ Tauri (59.3), ν Tauri (59.9)	4h (60.9) JĪSHUĬ = λ Persei (60.7) ~~COR CAROLI (α Canum Ven.)~~	υ Persei (61.2)	BEID (Egg) = ο¹ Eridani (62.2), μ Persei (62.8) ~~VINDEMIATRIX ( ε Virginis)~~	*Al Dabarān-2 (The Follower)* HYADUM I = γ Tauri (63.4) 22.0 = 63.4 - *41.4

May 17 (137)	*18 (41 + 17)*	*19 (424)**	20	21	22	*23 (428)**
°May 13	*14 (54)**	*15 (420)**	16 (136)	17	*18 (58)**	*19 (424)**
'April 20	21 (111)	22	23	24	*25 (400)**	*26 (36)**
"April 6	7	8	9 (464)	10 (100)	11	*12 (22)**
16 he aro piro	17 he pekepeke mea	18 he pekepeke uri	19 he aringa rikiriki	20 he tua tea	20 he mamari kiakia
Peke.1. To bite (of fish or lobster pecking at fishhook). 2. To repeat an action: he-peke te rua; ina ekó peke-hakaou te rua don't you do it a second time; ina ekó peke hakaou-mai te rua ara, don't come back here again. Vanaga. To succeed, to follow. Pau.: peke, to follow, to accompany. Ta.: pee, to follow. Churchill. Mgv.: Pekepeke. 1. The tentacles of the octopus retracted. Mq.: peke, to tuck up the clothes. Ma.: pepeke, to draw up the legs and arms. 2. A crab. Ha.: pee-one, a crab that burrows in the sand. Churchill.

Then the creators of the text went on with 5 varieties of bananas (maika):

he maika.
1	he koro tea.	a Teke. a Oti.
2	he hihi.
3	he pukapuka.
4	he pia.
5	he nahoo,
he taro.
1	ngeti uri.	a Teke. a Oti.
2	ngeti tea.
etc.

Easter Islanders would immediately have noticed that one variety of banana was missing, viz. ri'o:

Maika. Banana (Musa sapientum). Ancient varieties were called ri'o, hihi, korotea, pia, pukapuka, naho'o. Vanaga. Meika, banana. Pau., Mgv.: meika, id. Mq.: meika, meia, id. Ta.: meia, id. Churchill.

Which agrees with how the text was translated by Barthel, for they took only 'some of the banana shoots' from the garden of Teke:

... Oti and all his assistants went away, arrived, and took some of the banana shoots as well as taro, ti, and kape...

Although this is not evident from the Polynesian text itself but seems to have been deduced from the missing ri'o.

... he too mai i te huri maika.i te taro tokoai te tī tokoa.i te kape tokoa ...

In the Hindu Bakshali Manuscript a dark new moon face was used for the unknown (our X) → what is inside an egg cannot be seen, the contents of the coming month was uncertain.

The Mayas used a bivalve shell for their zero.

... The dot is also used for another purpose, namely as one of the ten fundamental figures of the decimal system of notation, or the zero (0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9). It is still so used in India for both purposes, to indicate the unknown quantity as well as the nought. With us the dot, or rather its substitute the circle (0), has only retained the latter of its two intents, being simply the zero figure, or 'the mark of position' in the decimal system. The Indian usage, however, seems to show how the zero arose, and that it arose in India. The Indian dot, unlike our modern zero, is not properly a numerical figure at all. It is simply a sign to indicate an empty place or a hiatus. This is clearly shown by its name sunya 'empty' ...

...Long ago in the very beginning of time there dwelt within a shell an infant god whose name was Ta'aroa. He was Ta'aroa the unique one, the ancestor of all gods, the creator of the universe whose natures were myriad, whose backbone was the ridgepole of the world, whose ribs were its supporters. The shell was called Rumia, Upset. Becoming aware at last of his own existence and oppressed by a yearning loneliness Ta'aroa broke open his shell and, looking out, beheld the black limitless expanse of empty space. Hopefully, he shouted, but no voice answered him. He was alone in the vast cosmos. Within the broken Rumia he grew a new shell to shut out the primeval void ...

Therefore I suggest we should put the not visible ri'o (0 he rio) in the same place as 20 he mamari kiakia (the last variety of kumara) - time flows and not until its first measure has been completed in full can there be 1 notched into the wood.

3-14 (73)	MARCH 15	16	17	18	19	*20 (364)**

Gb8-24 (465)	Gb8-25	Gb8-26	Gb8-27	Gb8-28	Gb8-29	Gb8-30 (242)
MENKHIB (Next to the Pleiades = ζ Persei (57.6) ~~PORRIMA (γ Virginis)~~	ZAURAK (Boat) = γ Eridani (58.9)	λ Tauri (59.3), ν Tauri (59.9)	4h (60.9) JĪSHUĬ = λ Persei (60.7) ~~COR CAROLI (α Canum Ven.)~~	υ Persei (61.2)	BEID (Egg) = ο¹ Eridani (62.2), μ Persei (62.8) ~~VINDEMIATRIX ( ε Virginis)~~	*Al Dabarān-2 (The Follower)* HYADUM I = γ Tauri (63.4) 22.0 = 63.4 - *41.4

May 17 (137)	*18 (41 + 17)*	*19 (424)**	20	21	22	*23 (428)**
°May 13	*14 (54)**	*15 (420)**	16 (136)	17	*18 (58)**	*19 (424)**
'April 20	21 (111)	22	23	24	*25 (400)**	*26 (36)**
"April 6	7	8	9 (464)	10 (100)	11	*12 (22)**
16 he aro piro	17 he pekepeke mea	18 he pekepeke uri	19 he aringa rikiriki	20 he tua tea	20 he mamari kiakia	1 he koro tea
Peke.1. To bite (of fish or lobster pecking at fishhook). 2. To repeat an action: he-peke te rua; ina ekó peke-hakaou te rua don't you do it a second time; ina ekó peke hakaou-mai te rua ara, don't come back here again. Vanaga. To succeed, to follow. Pau.: peke, to follow, to accompany. Ta.: pee, to follow. Churchill. Mgv.: Pekepeke. 1. The tentacles of the octopus retracted. Mq.: peke, to tuck up the clothes. Ma.: pepeke, to draw up the legs and arms. 2. A crab. Ha.: pee-one, a crab that burrows in the sand. Churchill.

0h	*MARCH 22 (1)**	23 (82)
no glyph
no glyph	Ga1-1	Ga1-2
HYADUM II = δ¹ Tauri (64.2)	*Net-19 (Crow)* AIN (Eye) = ε Tauri, θ¹ Tauri, θ² Tauri (65.7)	no star listed (66)
May 24	25 (145)	*26 (66)**
°May 20	*21 (61)**	22 (142)
'April 27	28 (118)	*29 (39)**
"April 13	14 (104)	*15 (25)**
DAY 64	DAY 1 = 65 - 64	2
-	*1 Ko Apina Iti* ko Rapa Kura	2 Ko Hanga O Uo a vave renga
2 he hihi	3 he pukapuka	4 he pia

NAKSHATRA DATES:
*SEPT 20 (183)**	21 (264)	EQUINOX
*Heart-5 (Fox)* σ Scorpii (247.0), HEJIAN = γ Herculis (247.2), ψ Ophiuchi (247.7)	ρ Ophiuchi (248.1), KAJAM (Club) = ω Herculis (248.3), χ Ophiuchi (248.5), SHE LOW (Market Tower) = υ Ophiuchi, Tr. Austr. (248.7), ζ Tr. Austr. (248.8)	*Al Kalb-16 (The Heart) / Jyeshtha-18 (Eldest) / ANA-MUA-1 (Entrance pillar)* ANTARES = α Scorpii (249.1), MARFIK (Elbow) = λ Ophiuchi, φ Ophiuchi (249.5), ω Ophiuchi (249.8
Nov 23 (327)	24	*25 (249)**
°Nov 19	*20 (244)**	21 (325)
'Oct 27 (300)	28	*29 (222)**
"Oct 13 (286)	14	*15 (208)**

MARCH 24 (83)	25 (Julian equinox)	*26 (5)**	27

Ga1-3	Ga1-4	Ga1-5	Ga1-6
no star listed (67)	*Rohini-4 (The Red One) /* **Pidnu-sha-Shame-4 (Furrow of Heaven) / ANA-MURI-2 (Rear pillar - at the foot of which was the place for tattooing) ALDEBARAN = α Tauri (68.2), THEEMIN = υ² Eridani (68.5)**	no star listed (69)	no star listed (70)
May 27	28 (148)	29	*30 (70)**
°May 23	24 (144)	*25 (65)**	26
'April 30	'May 1 (121)	*2 (42)**	3
*16 (471 = 314 1½)**	"April 17 (107)	*18 (28)**	19
DAY 67 - 64 = 3	4	5	6
3 Hanga Roa a tuki tukau	4 Okahu a uka ui hetuu	5 Ra Tahai a uo	6 Ahu Akapu a mata kurakura
Oka. 1. Lever, pole; to dig holes in the ground with a sharpened stick, as was done in ancient times to plant vegetables; used generally in the meaning of making plantations. 2. The four sideways poles supporting a hare paega. Okaoka, to jab, to pierce, to prick repeatedly. Vanaga. Digging stick, stake, joist; to prick, to pierce, to stick a thing into, to drive into, to slaughter, to assassinate; kona oka kai, plantation; pahu oka, a drawer. Okaoka, a fork, to prick, to dig. Okahia, to prick. Churchill. Ku hú á te huka-huka, ku herohero á i roto i te ahi, burning wood shows red in the fire.
5 he nahoo	1 ngeti uri	2 ngeti tea

As to the name ri'o we should remember the so far unexplained hanga o rio (E:36-37). Here Ira had landed:

... Ira rode the wave [Wave] toward the right side. He looked diagonally [he hira] toward the land, looked in the direction of Ruhi Hepii, and the ornament of Ruhu Hepii [ruhi hePii] shone brightly [he rapa]. He went back out into the sea, and the movement of the wave was toward the left side. Again he glanced, this time in the direction of Pu, and the ornament of Pu shone brightly. Again he went back into the sea. From the middle, the two necklaces of the two figurines shone (toward him). His ride on the wave ended in Rio, and therefore the name 'Hango O Rio' was given ...

... This pot shows One-Ahaw aiming at the bird as he swoops down to land in his tree. As Itzam-Yeh lands on his perch, the text tells us he is 'entering or becoming the sky' ...

Could hango o rio (similar to the name Orion) have referred to day zero - the place of origo (ori'o) - between the beautiful waves (vave renga)?

The pattern with a double sweet potato final (he tua tea and he mamari kiakia) resembles the Roman bissextum days:

... The leap day was introduced as part of the Julian reform. The day following the Terminalia (February 23) was doubled, forming the 'bis sextum - literally 'double sixth', since February 24 was 'the sixth day before the Kalends of March' using Roman inclusive counting (March 1 was the 'first day'). Although exceptions exist, the first day of the bis sextum (February 24) was usually regarded as the intercalated or 'bissextile' day since the third century. February 29 came to be regarded as the leap day when the Roman system of numbering days was replaced by sequential numbering in the late Middle Ages ...

In a leap year the 'Egg' (Beid) would have been pushed ahead one day by force of an inserted day (Tua Tea).

The number of ordinary days in an ordinary year could perhaps have been counted as 39 ('yams') + 20 ('sweet potatoes') + 5 ('bananas') = 64 (disregarding the 'holes' at Adhil, at Mira, and at Beid) followed by 300 (etoru te rau). 64 + 3(00) = 67 → E:67.

... Ogotemmêli had his own ideas about calculation. The Dogon in fact did use the decimal system, because from the beginning they had counted on their fingers, but the basis of their reckoning had been the number eight and this number recurred in what they called in French la centaine, which for them meant eighty. Eighty was the limit of reckoning, after which a new series began. Nowadays there could be ten such series, so that the European 1,000 corresponded to the Dogon 800. But Ogotemmêli believed that in the beginning men counted by eights - the number of cowries on each hand, that they had used their ten fingers to arrive at eighty, but that the number eight appeared again in order to produce 640 (8 x 10 x 8). 'Six hundred and forty', he said, 'is the end of the reckoning.' According to him, 640 covenant-stones had been thrown up by the seventh Nummo to make the outline in the grave of Lébé.

... However, 640 is not a square (although 64 * 10 * 10 is). Instead we can count 2 * 320, where 320 was coinciding, at the time of rongorongo, with the right ascension day for the South Pole star, viz. Dramasa. Here there was a 'hole' (vaha):

... Probably the dream soul hurried home because Spica was due to arrive, which was 4 * 29½ = 118 days before the time line up to the South Pole star (Dramasa, σ Octantis). I.e, from σ Virginis to σ Octantis there were *320 - *200 = *80 right ascension days.

e vaha noho ragi	erua ahi		i te hau tea	Erua hau tea		i te henua i te rima
Vaha. Hollow; opening; space between the fingers (vaha rima); door cracks (vaha papare). Vahavaha, to fight, to wrangle, to argue with abusive words. Vanaga. 1. Space, before T; vaha takitua, perineum. PS Mgv.: vaha, a space, an open place. Mq.: vaha, separated, not joined. Ta.: vaha, an opening. Sa.: vasa, space, interval. To.: vaha, vahaa, id. Fu.: vasa, vāsaà, id. Niuē: vahā. 2. Muscle, tendon; vahavaha, id. Vahahora (vaha 1 - hora 2), spring. Vahatoga (vaha 1 - toga 1), autumn. 3. Ta.: vahavaha, to disdain, to dislike. Ha.: wahawaha, to hate, to dislike. Churchill. Ahi. Fire; he-tutu i te ahi to light a fire. Ahiahi = evening; ahiahi-ata, the last moments of light before nightfall. Vanaga. 1. Candle, stove, fire (vahi); ahi hakapura, match; ahi hakagaiei, firebrand waved as a night signal. P Mgv.: ahi, fire, flame. Mq.: ahi, fire, match, percussion cap. Ta.: ahi, fire, percussion cap, wick, stove. 2. To be night; agatahi ahi atu, day before yesterday. 3. Pau.: ahi, sandalwood. Ta.: ahi, id. Mq.: auahi, a variety of breadfruit. Sa.: asi, sandalwood. Ha.: ili-ahi, id. Ahiahi, afternoon, night; kai ahiahi, supper. P Pau., Mgv., Mq., Ta.: ahiahi, afternoon, evening. Ahipipi (ahi 1 - pipi 2) a spark, to flash. Churchill.

Ca5-32 (137)	Ca5-33	Ca5-34	Ca5-35	Ca6-1	Ca6-2	Ca6-3
CLOSE TO THE SUN:
Febr 4	5	6	7 (403)	8	9 (40)	10
... On February 9 the Chorti Ah K'in, 'diviners', begin the agricultural year. Both the 260-day cycle and the solar year are used in setting dates for religious and agricultural ceremonies, especially when those rituals fall at the same time in both calendars. The ceremony begins when the diviners go to a sacred spring where they choose five stones with the proper shape and color. These stones will mark the five positions of the sacred cosmogram created by the ritual. When the stones are brought back to the ceremonial house, two diviners start the ritual by placing the stones on a table in a careful pattern that reproduces the schematic of the universe. At the same time, helpers under the table replace last year's diagram with the new one. They believe that by placing the cosmic diagram under the base of God at the center of the world they demonstrate that God dominates the universe. The priests place the stones in a very particular order. First the stone that corresponds to the sun in the eastern, sunrise position of summer solstice is set down; then the stone corresponding to the western, sunset position of the same solstice. This is followed by stones representing the western, sunset position of the winter solstice, then its eastern, sunrise position. Together these four stones form a square. They sit at the four corners of the square just as we saw in the Creation story from the Classic period and in the Popol Vuh. Finally, the center stone is placed to form the ancient five-point sign modern researchers called the quincunx ...
DRAMASA = σ Oct., χ Capricorni (320.0), ν Aquarii (320.3), γ Equulei (320.6), ο Pavonis (320.8)	α Oct. (321.5), δ Equulei (321.7), φ Capricorni (321.8)	KITALPHA (Part of a Horse) = α Equulei (322.0), ALDERAMIN (The Right Arm) = α Cephei (322.9)	DAI = ι Capricorni (323.5), β Equulei (323.8)	γ Pavonis (324.1), YAN = ζ Capricorni (324.6)	*Al Sa'd al Su'ud-22 (Luckiest of the Lucky) / Emptiness-11 (Rat)* TSIN = 36 Capricorni (325.2), ALPHIRK (The Flock) = β Cephei (325.7), SADALSUD = β Aquarii, ξ Gruis (325.9)	no star listed (326)
DAY 320	321	322	323	324	325 (→ 3-25)	326
CLOSE TO THE FULL MOON:
Aug 5	6	7	*8 (11 20 → T20)**	9	10	11
9h (137.0) σ¹ Ursa Majoris (137.0), κ Cancri (137.3), τ Cancri (137.4), ALSUHAIL (al Wazn, of the Weight) = λ Velorum (137.5), σ² Ursa Majoris (137.6), τ Ursa Majoris (137.7), ξ Cancri (137.8) 96.0 = 137.4 - *41.4	κ Pyxidis (138.0), ε Pyxidis (138.5)	π Cancri (139.2), MIAPLACIDUS = β Carinae (139.3), TUREIS (Little Shield) = ι Carinae (139.8)	no star listed (140)	θ Pyxidis (141.5), MARKAB VELORUM = κ Velorum (141.5), AL MINHAR AL ASAD (The Nose of the Lion) = κ Leonis (141.6), λ Pyxidis (141.9)	*Star-25 (Horse) / ANA-HEU-HEU-PO-5 (Pillar where debates were held)* ALPHARD (The Horse) = α Hydrae (142.3), ω Leonis (142.6), τ¹ Hydrae (142.7)	*Al Tarf-7 (The End)* ψ Velorum (143.3), ALTERF = λ Leonis, τ² Hydrae(143.4), ξ Leonis (143.5) 102.0 = 143.4 - *41.4
'July 9	10	11	(193 → Castor)	13	14	(196 → Pollux)
DAY 137	138	139	140	141	142	143

... Furthermore, right ascension day 64 corresponded to the zero-day hole (gap, vaha) at the beginning of side a on the G tablet ...