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231. Once again. According to the Mayas there were 542 days from the last Creation to the time when Hun-Nal-Ye entered (became) the sky (och ta chan). I have copied from my preliminary glyph type dictionary at toki: ... the Palenque scribes repeated Creation again and described it as 'it was made visible, the image at Lying-down-Sky, the First-Three-Stone-Place'. Then we learned that five hundred and forty-two days later (1.9.2 in the Maya system), Hun-Nal-Ye 'entered or became the sky' (och ta chan). This 'entering' event occurred on February 5, 3112 BC ...

February 5 is day 31 + 5 = 36 counted from January 1, and 542 - 36 = 506 = 365 + 141 (May 21):

1st 3-stone place 21 May, 3114 BC 141 542
Och ta chan 5 February, 3112 BC 683

By mechanically applying this date 5 February when reading the C text we will find it could have referred to the time when Polaris was close to the Full Moon at the last glyph on side a, i.e. the person Hun-Nal-Ye could have been Ursa Minor as represented by its alpha-star:

*Ca14-29 (392) Cb1-1 Cb1-2 Cb1-3 Cb1-4 (396) Cb1-5 Cb1-6
te rima E tupu ki roto o te hau tea ki te henua - te maro rutua te pahu
Rutu. 1. To read, to recite, to pronounce words solemnly; he-rutu i te kohau motu, to read the rongorongo tablets; hare rutu rogorogo mo hakama'a ki te ga poki ite kai, i te rogorogo, rongorongo school, house in which children were taught reading and writing the rongorongo signs. 2. To pelt with stones. 3. To gather in great numbers (of people). Vanaga. Sound. Rutu-rongorongo = the sound of recitation. Barthel. T. Beat. Henry. To recite; tae rutu, irreverence. Churchill. Pau.: rutu, a drum. Mgv.: rutu, to beat, to cause to resound. Ta.: rutu, a drum, to drum. Mq.: utu, to drum. Sa.: lutu, to shake a rattle. Churchill.

*209 + *366 *576 *577 *578 *579 *580 (= 20 * 29) *581
*575 - *366 *210 (= 420 / 2) *211 *212 *213 (= 396 - 183) *214 (= 2 * 107) *215
INVISIBLY CLOSE TO THE SUN (helical dates):
no star listed (189 + 386 - 366 = 209) MUPHRID (Solitary Star) = η Bootis (210.1), ζ Centauri (210.3) φ Centauri (211.0), υ¹ Centauri (211.1), υ² Centauri (211.8), τ Virginis (211.9) AGENA (At the Knee) = β Centauri (212.1), θ Apodis (212.5), THUBAN (Dragon) = α Draconis (212.8) 14h (213.1)

π Hydrae, χ Centauri (213.0), MENKENT (Shoulder of the Centaur) = θ Centauri (213.1)

Neck-2 (Dragon)

ASELLUS TERTIUS (3rd Ass Colt) = κ Bootis, κ Virginis, 14 Bootis (214.8)

Al Ghafr-13 (The Cover) / Svāti-15 (Very Good) / TAHUA-TAATA-METUA-TE-TUPU-MAVAE-6 (a pillar to stand by)

15 Bootis (215.2), ARCTURUS = α Bootis (215.4), ASELLUS SECUNDUS (2nd Ass Colt)  = ι Bootis (215.5), SYRMA (Train of the Virgin's Robe) = ι Virginis, λ Bootis (215.6), η Apodis (215.8)

Oct 16 (290 = 107 + 183) 18 19 20 21 22 (295)
'Sept 19 20 21 Equinox 23 (266) 24 25
7 Aug (220 = 37 + 183) 9 10 11 12 13 (15 * 15 = 225)
CLOSE TO THE FULL MOON (and nakshatra dates):
16 April 17 (107) 18 19 20 21 22 (112)
5 Febr (36) 6 (107 - 70) 7 8 9 10 11
 ANA-NIA-10 (Pillar-to-fish by)

χ Ceti (26.1), POLARIS = α Ursae Minoris, BATEN KAITOS = ζ Ceti (26.6), METALLAH = α Trianguli (26.9)

Al Sharatain-1 / Ashvini-1 / Bond-16 (Dog) / Mahrū-sha-rishu-ku-1 (Front of the Head of Ku)

SEGIN = ε Cassiopeia, MESARTHIM = γ Arietis, ψ Phoenicis (27.2), SHERATAN (Pair of Signs) = β Arietis, φ Phoenicis (27.4)

ι Arietis (28.0), λ Arietis (28.2), υ Ceti (28.8) ALRISHA (The Knot) = α Piscium, χ Phoenicis (29.2), ALAMAK (Caracal) = γ Andromedae (29.7) Arku-sha-rishu-ku-2 (Back of the Head of Ku)

2h (30.4)

κ Arietis (30.3), HAMAL (Sheep) = α Arietis (30.5)

ALKES (α Crateris)

η Arietis (31.9) ξ¹ Ceti (32.1)
209 + 183 393 394 395  214 + 182 397 398 (= 2 * 199)

My dates in the table above should be repeated. I have assumed the text at the beginning of side a has day zero when the Gregorian date for vernal equinox was at the Full Moon, because south of the equator vernal equinox was at the other side of the year:

no glyph (day zero)
Ca1-1 Ca1-2 Ca1-3 Ca1-4 Ca1-5 Ca1-6
koia ki te hoea ki te henua te rima te hau tea haga i te mea ke ki te henua - tagata honui
Sept 20 (*183) 264 EQUINOX 23 (366 - 100) 24 25 (*188) (59 + 183 + 27)
St John's day *96 = *184 - *88 177 = 6 * 29½ *98 *99 *188 - *88 *101 (30 June)
INVISIBLY CLOSE TO THE SUN (helical dates):
ALCHITA (The Southern Tent) = α Corvi, MA WEI (Tail of the Horse) = δ Centauri (183.7), ρ Centauri (183.9) PÁLIDA (Pale) = δ Crucis (184.6), MEGREZ (Root of the Tail) = δ Ursae Majoris (184.9) Hasta-13 (Hand) / Chariot-28 (Worm)

GIENAH (Wing) = γ Corvi (185.1), ε Muscae (185.2), ζ Crucis (185.4), ZANIAH (Corner) = η Virginis (185.9)

CHANG SHA (Long Sand-bank) = ζ Corvi (186.3) INTROMETIDA (Inserted) = ε Crucis (187.4), ACRUX = α Crucis (187.5) γ Com. Berenicis (188.0), σ Centauri (188.1), ALGORAB = δ Corvi (188.5), GACRUX = γ Crucis (188.7) γ Muscae (189.0), AVIS SATYRA (Bird of the Satyrs) = η Corvi (189.3), ASTERION (Starry) = β Canum Ven. (189.5), KRAZ = β Corvi, κ Draconis (189.7)

... After the great flood had at long last receded, Raven had gorged himself on the delicacies left by the receding water, so for once, perhaps the first time in his life, he wasn't hungry. But his other appetites, his curiosity and the unquenchable itch to meddle and provoke things, to play tricks on the world and its creatures, these remained unsatisfied. Raven gazed up and down the beach. It was pretty, but lifeless. There was no one about to upset, or play tricks upon. Raven sighed. He crossed his wings behind him and strutted up and down the sand, his shiny head cocked, his sharp eyes and ears alert for any unusual sight or sound. The mountains and the sea, the sky now ablaze with the sun by day and the moon and stars he had placed there, it was all pretty, but lifeless. Finally Raven cried out to the empty sky with a loud exasperated cry. And before the echoes of his cry faded from the shore, he heard a muffled squeak. He looked up and down the beach for its source and saw nothing. He strutted back and and forth, once, twice, three times and still saw nothing. Then he spied a flash of white in the sand. There, half buried in the sand was a giant clamshell. As his shadow fell upon it, he heard another muffled squeak. Peering down into the opening between the halves of the shell, he saw it was full of tiny creatures, cowering in fear at his shadow ...

CLOSE TO THE FULL MOON (and nakshatra dates):
Al Fargh al Thāni-25 (Rear Spout)

0h (*366)

CAPH (Hand) = β Cassiopeiae, SIRRAH (Navel of the Horse) = α Andromedae (0.5), ε Phoenicis, γ³ Oct. (0.8)

Uttara Bhādrapadā-27 (2nd of the Blessed Feet) / Wall-14 (Porcupine)

ο Oct. (1.3), ALGENIB PEGASI = γ Pegasi (1.8)

χ Pegasi (2.1), θ Andromedae (2.7) σ Andromedae (3.0), ι Ceti (3.3), ζ Tucanae (3.5), ρ Andromedae, π Tucanae (3.7) no star listed (4) ANKAA = α Phoenicis, κ Phoenicis (5.0)

ALPHARD (α Hydrae)

λ Phoenicis (6.3), β Tucanae (6.4)
March 21 (80) 22 (*1) 23 24 25 26 27 (*372)

... Ecclesiastically, the equinox is reckoned to be on 21 March (even though the equinox occurs, astronomically speaking, on 20 March in most years) ...

... When the Pope rearranged the day for spring equinox from number 84 ('March 25) to number 80 (ºMarch 21) the earlier Julian structure was buried, was covered up (puo). At the same time the Pope deliberately avoided to correct the flow of Julian calendar days for what he may have regarded as 4 unneccesary leap days prior to the Council of Nicaea. Thus his balance sheet for days was in order. The day numbers counted from the equinox were increased with 4 and this was equal to allowing the 4 'unneccessary' leap days to remain in place. But he had moved spring equinox to a position which was 4 days too early compared to the ancient model ...

'Febr 22 (2-22) Terminalia (54) 24 (82 - 27) 25 26 27 28

... The leap day was introduced as part of the Julian reform. The day following the Terminalia (February 23) was doubled, forming the 'bis sextum - literally 'double sixth', since February 24 was 'the sixth day before the Kalends of March' using Roman inclusive counting (March 1 was the 'first day'). Although exceptions exist, the first day of the bis sextum (February 24) was usually regarded as the intercalated or 'bissextile' day since the third century. February 29 came to be regarded as the leap day when the Roman system of numbering days was replaced by sequential numbering in the late Middle Ages ...

Christmas Eve *96 + *183 360 = 6 * 60 *98 + *183 362 180 + 183 *284 (30 Dec)

With each glyph counted as a right ascension day the last day before turning the tablet around should correspond to day number 392 counted from September 20 (263, *183) / March 21 (80, *0). Which means: *183 / *0 + *392 - *366 = *575 / *392 - *366 = *209 / *26 (Polaris at the Full Moon).

I then added dates according to various earlier time frames in order to visualize what, according to simple extrapolations, would have been seen in for instance Roman times (*27 right ascension days earlier than my assumed time frame for rongorongo), i.e. when in 'February 23 (54) the Sun would have risen together with Algenib Pegasi and the Full Moon would have been at the Root of the Tail of Ursa Major in day 264 - 27 = 237 = 'July 25 = 54 + 183. The names Terminalia and Megrez were both indicating the end:

... The leap day was introduced as part of the Julian reform. The day following the Terminalia (February 23) was doubled, forming the 'bis sextum - literally 'double sixth', since February 24 was 'the sixth day before the Kalends of March' using Roman inclusive counting (March 1 was the 'first day') ...

My blackmarked set of dates at the first week on side a of the text corresponds to looking back all the way down to the time when Betelgeuze (*88) had been at 0h. At day zero in the C text we can find *183 (September 20) - *88 = *95 = day 175 counted from 1 January, which thus would have been the position of the Sun in St John's Day (25 June, 175) when the Full Moon was at Christmas Eve (24 December, *95 + *183 = *278).

My blackmarked set of dates at the first week when turning the tablet around to side b, on the other hand, are documenting the right ascension days at the time of rongorongo when counting ahead without interruption from the beginning of the text. But what then motivated my coloured sequence of dates *70 right ascension days earlier, beginning with heliacal 5 February at the last glyph on side a?

... Counting the number of precessional days from the year 3149 BC to my assumed base line year for the rongorongo texts we will find Aldebaran at that time would  have risen heliacally approximately (3149 + 1842) / 71 = 4991 / 71 = 70 right ascension days earlier than in May 28 (148), viz. around day 148 - 70 = 78 (19 March). This was neither at the Julian equinox (25 March), nor at the Gregorian equinox (21 March), nor at the astronomically average date for the equinox (20 March). But from day 78 (19 March) to the beginning of a half-year in 1 July (182) the distance was 104 days. 78 = 3 * 26 and 182 = 7 * 26, which means that in 3149 BC there had been 4 * 26 = 104 days from heliacal Aldebaran to 1 July ...

Counting the tresses of Pachamama (the World Mother) from right to left:

1

26

78

1

29

90

2

26

2

30

3

26

3

31

4

25

104

4

34

124

5

26

5

31

6

27

6

30

7

26

7

29

Total = 396 = 182 + 214

... Thus the time frame at the Fall of the False Sun was 6 right ascension days earlier than those *64 corresponding to the position of Hyadum II at the time of rongorongo ... 6 * 71 = 426 and 3149 BC - 426 = 2723 BC when, according to a simple extrapolation without regard for the proper motions of the stars, Al-debaran (The Follower of the Pleiades) would have risen heliacally together with the Sun at the Julian equinox in MARCH 25 (84 = 7 * 12 = 6 * 14) ...

... In 3149 BC the stars were positioned 70 right ascension days earlier than at the time of rongorongo. Therefore η Andromedae would have risen with the Sun in 91 (April 1) - 70 = 21 January (= 32 days after the solstice). At that time of the year Alioth would have been close to the Full Moon in day 21 + 183 = 204 (23 July):

*Ca14-12 → 14 * 13 = 182 → 4.14 (378 → Saturn) → 14 * 16 = 224 *Ca14-17
te kihikihi o te henua - kua haga hia kua pua te vero te henua kiore - te henua
CLOSE TO THE FULL MOON (and nakshatra dates):
ξ Phoenicis (9.0), ρ Tucanae (9.1), DENEB KAITOS (Tail of the Sea Beast) = β Ceti, η Phoenicis (9.4), AL NITHĀM (String of Pearls) = φ¹ Ceti (9.6) ACHIRD (Woman with Luminous Rays) = η Cassiopeiae (10.7) Legs-15 (Wolf)

ν Andromedae (11.0), φ² Ceti (11.1), ρ Phoenicis (11.2), η Andromedae (11.4)

CIH (Whip) = γ Cassiopeiae, λ Tucanae (12.4), φ³ Ceti (12.6), μ Andromedae (12.8) φ4 Ceti (13.2) no star listed (14)

... At the beginning of 44 B.C. - when Ceasar was still alive - the Senate decided to raise statues of him in all the temples and to sacrifice to him on his birthday in the month Quintilis, which in honour of him was renamed July. He was raised to the status of a god (among the other gods of the state) under the name Jupiter Julius. Marcus Antonius, who this year was consul together with Ceasar, became high priest and responsible for the ceremonies. In the middle of February, at the time of the old feast of Lupercalia [cfr Lupus = Wolf], he ran around naked and whipped the Roman ladies with thongs made from goat-skin [februa], in order to promote their fertility ...

March 30 31 (455) April 1 (91) 2 3 4
'March 3 (427) 4 (2 * 214) 5 (64 = 91 - 27) 6 7 (2 * 31 + 4) 8 (6 * 72)
JAN 25 (390) 26 27 (365 + 27) 28 29 30
18 Jan 19 (384) 20 (= 91 - 71) 21 22 23

... We can for instance see how at the time of the Gate of the Goat - which here indeed ought to be the relevant time - the shadow tree in Gb1-21 was connected with a point 300 days after ●JANUARY 19 (384 = 13 * 29½ + ½) - on average the coldest day in the year north of the equator ...

I have consistently tried to solve the problem of half 365¼ not being an integer by assigning 183 days from the heliacal days to the nakshatra nights. This leads to October 1 (274) = 91 (April 1) + 183, with 22 / 7 (22 July) as a Sign of the value of π (approximately equal to the result of the division 22 / 7) equal to the last day in September (3 * 91 = 273) - 70 (the precessional distance down to the time when Itzam-Yeh was shot down) and with heliacal Alioth in the following day, in day 204 = 274 - 70.

On the other hand, when counting to the nakshatra night at the time of his Fall (as in autumn) my method leads to 71 precessional nights down from the time of rongorongo to the time when he 'fell on his face'. 71 'happens to be' equal to the number of years necessary in order to move the positions of the fixed stars (in relation to the cardinal points of the Sun) with 1 right ascension day ahead. 26000 (assumed length of the precessional cycle) / 365¼ (the Julian length of a year) = 71. Therefore the last day in March at the time of rongorongo corresponded to day 365 + 90 - 71 = 384 (= 2 * 182) = 19 January at the time when the shining tooth of Itzam-Yeh was shot down.

366 (= 384 - 18) 367 (= 455 - 88) 365 + 3 369 740 / 2 371
INVISIBLY CLOSE TO THE SUN (helical dates):
Sept 29 30 (273 = 3 * 91) Oct 1 (84 + 190) 2 3 4
'Sept 2 3 (246 = 6 * 41) 4 5 6 7
JULY 27 28 29 (210 = 7 * 30) 30 31 AUG 1
21 July 22 / 7 (273 - 70) 23 (84 + 120) 24 25 26
ι Crucis (192.2), β Muscae (192.5), MIMOSA = β Crucis (192.9) no star listed (193) κ Crucis (194.4), ψ Virginis (194.5), μ Crucis, λ Crucis (194.6), ALIOTH (Fat Tail) = ε Ursae Majoris, ι Oct. (194.8) MINELAUVA = δ Virginis (195.1), COR CAROLI = α Canum Ven. (195.3) δ Muscae (196.5), VINDEMIATRIX (Grape Gatherer) = ε Virginis (196.8) 13h (197.8)

ξ¹ Centauri (197.1), ξ² Centauri (197.9)

... When the Pope Gregory XIII updated the Julian calendar he did not revise what had gone wrong before 325 AD (when the Council of Nicaea was held). Thus the stars were still 3-4 days 'out of tune' compared to the calendar ... the Gregorian 'canoe' was 'crooked'. His calendar was not in perfect alignment with the ancient star structure. Because he had avoided to adjust with the effects of the precession between the creation of the Julian calendar and the Council of Nicaea in 325 A.D. The Julian equinox was in the 3rd month of the year and in its 25th day (3-25) ...

... This mythical bird is Itzam-Yeh, Classic prototype of Wuqub-Kaqix, 'Seven-Macaw', of Popol Vuh fame. In that story, in the time before the sky was lifted up to make room for the light, the vainglorious Seven-Macaw imagined himself to be the sun. Offended by his pride, the Hero Twins humbled him by breaking his beautiful shining tooth with a pellet from their blowgun. This pot shows One-Ahaw aiming at the bird as he swoops down to land in his tree. As Itzam-Yeh lands on his perch, the text tells us he is 'entering or becoming the sky'. This particular 'sky-entering' is not the one mentioned in the Palenque text. It is the final event that occurred in the previous creation before the universe was remade. Before the sky could be raised and the real sun revealed in all its splendor, the Hero Twins had to put the false sun, Itzam-Yeh, in his place. If the date on this pot corresponds to that pre-Columbian event, as we believe it does, then Itzam-Yeh was defeated on 12.18.4.5.0  1 Ahaw 3 K'ank'in (May 28, 3149 BC). After the new universe was finally brought into existence, First Father also entered the sky by landing in the tree, just as Itzam-Yeh did ...

Itzam-Yeh defeated 28 May, 3149 BC
1st 3-stone place 21 May, 3114 BC
Och ta chan 5 February, 3112 BC
(3149 - 3112) / 71 = 0.52 < (26.6 - 26)