TRANSLATIONS

next page previous page up home
 

The amount of information is too much for comfort. Let us concentrate and take it in the proper order:

... During the waxing phase of the moon it is observed rising from a beginning at the horizon in the west towards full moon and zenith. The Mamari moon calendar has evidently located the night Ohua as glyph 26 of those 36 needed to reach Omotohi (full moon). Both according to Englert and Métraux Ohua is the night immediately before Otua (or Atua), i.e. night number 9 respectively 12 ...

The phases of the moon, the phases of the sun, and the phases of Sirius, all of them have - it seems - a Hua Reva phase. The morning star rises in the east, not in the west as the moon. But both are lifted up from the 'water'. It does not matter if the horizon is the border between sky and earth instead of between sky and sea. The state of 'water' means 'out of sight'.

We should remember Lockyer, who proposed that every male celestial body rising in the east was Horus, and that everything luminous rising in the east was Isis. Osiris was any celestial body becoming invisible (setting, waning, paling at dawn). It is not strange to find Hua Reva referring to different celestial bodies.

A sun hua is hanging at left in Ca7-14, possibly meaning that sun is paling when moon is rising high:

 

Ca7-13 Ca7-14 (26) Ca7-15 Ca7-16 Ca7-17 Ca7-18
Ca7-19 Ca7-20 Ca7-21 Ca7-22 Ca7-23 Ca7-24 (36)

Counting from Ca1-1 the ordinal number of Ca7-14 is 182, which means Ca7-24 will be number 192. The number of glyphs in the 6 first lines (Ca1--Ca6) are 168 (= 182 - 14 = 192 - 24).

Haú in Ca7-15 has 9 + 6 = 15 'feathers' and a 'ghostly foot'. Sun has disappeared to Hiva.

This is the page which shows where Ohua is located in the month:

 

 

Englert

Métraux (Thomson)

1

(Oari?) Ohiro

Tireo (Tueo)

2

Kokore tahi

Hiro

3

Kokore rua

Ata (Oata)

4

Kokore toru

Ari (Oari)

5

Kokore ha

Kokore tahi

6

Kokore rima

Kokore rua

7

Kokore ono

Kokore toru

8

Maharu

Kokore ha

9

Ohua

Kokore rima

10

Otua

Kokore ono

11

Maure

Maharu

12

Ina-ira

Hua (Ohua)

13

Rakau

Atua (Otua)

14

Omotohi

Hotu (Ohotu)

15

Kokore tahi

Maure

16

Kokore rua

Ina-ira

17

Kokore toru

Rakau

18

Kokore ha

Motohi (Omotohi)

19

Kokore rima

Kokore tahi

20

Tapume

Kokore rua

21

Matua

Kokore toru

22

Orongo

Kokore ha

23

Orongo taane

Kokore rima

24

Mauri nui

Tapume

25

Mauri-karo

Matua

26

Omutu

Rongo (Orongo)

27

(Tueo?) Tireo

Rongo Tane (Orongo Tane)

28

Oata

Mauri-nui

29

 

Mauri-kero

30

 

Mutu (Omutu)

9-10 respectively 12-13 are numbers which suggest sun is leaving for his winter maid respectively coming to the exit of the solar year. The corresponding Omotohi numbers (14 respectively 18) could refer to an old 10-month lunar year (295 nights long) respectively to a more modern solar year with 360 (= 20 * 18) days.

In both versions, though, Ohua is located at an earlier stage than Omotohi:

Englert 9 14 5 0.64
Métraux 12 18 6 0.67
Mamari 26 36 10 0.72

Now to the important page 26:

 

26

Antares, Ana-mua, is the star which announces the beginning of summer in Polynesia. It has the role of Aldebaran (Ana-muri) north of the equator. South of the equator spring occurs when it is autumn north of the equator, and when anciently Taurus was located at spring equinox, Scorpio announced autumn equionox.

The list of 10 Tahitian 'pillar stars' (ana) gives to Antares and Aldebaran the first two places, and Aldebaran is associated with tattooing (which suggests dark marks):

1

Ana-mua, entrance pillar

Antares, α Scorpii

-26° 19'  16h 26

2

Ana-muri, rear pillar (at the foot of which was the place for tattooing)

Aldebaran, α Tauri

16° 25'  04h 33

3

Ana-roto, middle pillar

Spica, α Virginis

-10° 54'  13h 23

4

Ana-tipu, upper-side-pillar (where the guards stood)

Dubhe, α Ursae Majoris

62° 01'  11h 01

5

Ana-heu-heu-po, the pillar where debates were held

Alphard, α Hydrae

-08° 26'  09h 25

6

Ana-tahua-taata-metua-te-tupu-mavae, a pillar to stand by

Arcturus, α Bootis

19° 27'  14h 13

7

Ana-tahua-vahine-o-toa-te-manava, pillar for elocution

Procyon, α Canis Minoris

05° 21'  07h 37

8

Ana-varu, pillar to sit by

Betelgeuse, α Orionis

07° 24'  05h 52

9

Ana-iva, pillar of exit

Phaed, γ Ursae Majoris

53° 58'  11h 51

10

Ana-nia, pillar-to-fish-by

North Star, α Ursae Minoris

89° 02'  01h

The association (south of the equator) of Antares with spring made it natural to connect it with the sun. It announces that sun is coming back from his stay with the Winter Maid. And when sun leaves in autumn, going north again to Hine-Takurua, it is Aldebaran who announces that event.

In the week Monday comes after Sunday, and Aldebaran (coming in 2nd place in the list of 'pillars') should be associated with the moon - the mirror image of sun. The declination of Ana-muri is positive (16º), while the declination of Ana-mua (-26º) indicates a position in the south.

After Monday comes Tuesday, the day of Mars. If the pattern continues, the middle pillar (Ana-roto) should be connected with Mars. The name Antares is probably to be understood as the star opposite to Mars (Ares, who has his 'house' in Aries, the Ram). North of the equator Mars has a role closely connected with the return of light and the planet was therefore in opposition to Antares.

South of the equator a third pillar should have a negative declination (if the third pillar is to be connected with sun light), and Spica has been chosen. Its declination happens to be -10º, which then presumably will associate it with the 10 months of the year.

26 is a prominent number in the rongorongo texts, and we can now appreciate its meaning - it indicates the sun by way of the declination of Antares. The Gilbertese saw Antares as marking the southern boundary in the sky:

The kuhane stations also indicate that 26 is the last station of the 'king':

1

Nga Kope Ririva Tutuu Vai A Te Taanga

9

Hua Reva

17

Pua Katiki

2

Te Pu Mahore

10

Akahanga

18

Maunga Teatea

3

Te Poko Uri

11

Hatinga Te Kohe

19

Mahatua

4

Te Manavai

12

Roto Iri Are

20

Taharoa

5

Te Kioe Uri

13

Tama

21

Hanga Hoonu

6

Te Piringa Aniva

14

One Tea

22

Rangi Meamea

7

Te Pei

15

Hanga Takaure

23

Peke Tau O Hiti

8

Te Pou

16

Poike

24

Mauga Hau Epa

(24/2) * 30 = 360

25

Oromanga

26

Hanga Moria One

residences of the current king at Anakena

27

Papa O Pea

28

Ahu Akapu

residences for the future and the abdicated kings

(28/2) * 30 = 420

26 * 14 = 364 has in the G text a telling open mouth waiting to swallow the sun:

Gb5-6 Gb5-7 Gb5-8 Gb5-9 Gb5-10 Gb5-11 Gb5-12

5 * 10 (in Gb5-10) says it in numbers: 5 ('fire', i.e. the sun) has now reached to the end of his 'fingers' (10). Fingers are associated with fire, cfr Maui and Mahuika.

If sun moves 26 (in some measure) up from the equator to a maximum at summer solstice, he will need an equal amount (26) for 'waning'. But he does not stop at the equator, he moves on another 16 stations, to Hine Takurua. 26 + 16 = 42, a number which we now can feel descriptive of the waning side of sun.

If 26 is to be coupled with fortnights, sun will need 13 such to move from winter solstice to summer solstice (13 * 14 = 182). But another 10 days are necessary to reach 192. They seem to be necessary for his stay with the summer maid, to produce next generation. Spica (spike) - in the Virgin - means 'inflorescence of sessile flowers on a long axis' (English Etymology).

Clearly the positive declination of Aldebaran indicates the measure 16 for the moon and the negative declination for Antares the measure 26 for the sun. We have found new evidence strengthening the earlier suggestion of 26 as being connected with the sun:

 

summer
Ka4-14 Ka4-15 (82) Kb2-15 (134) Kb2-16
52 = 2 * 26

The K text possibly has used 4 * 13 = 52 glyphs to identify the period from Ana-mua to Ana-muri. If so, then it is not strange to find a sequence of 6 glyphs at the end of the text (instead of the expected 10 if midsummer was the final):

 
Kb5-14 (186) Kb5-15 Kb5-16 Kb5-17 Kb5-18 Kb5-19 Kb5-20 (192)

5 * 20 (in Kb5-20) is equal to 100. Haú in Kb5-14 has 3 + 5 = 8 'feathers' and 186 = 6 * 31. In Kb5-18 there are 3 'feathers' in front - presumably representing spring.

Are there 10 (or 5?) glyphs in the center of the summer which could be interpreted as Spica (Ana-roto)? The 13th kuhane station Roto Iri Are is a location of regeneration, and another such should be expected half a year earlier.

82 (Ka4-15) + 25 = 107. The next half of summer begins with 108 = 4 * 27 at Kb1-11. And indeed we find 10 glyphs immediately preceding at the beginning of side b:

 
Ka5-14 (97) Kb1-1 Kb1-2 Kb1-3 (100) Kb1-4 Kb1-5
Kb1-6 Kb1-7 (104) Kb1-8 Kb1-9 Kb1-10 Kb1-11

104 at manu kake obviously refers to 4 * 26. The 'earth' of spring sun is finished. In Kb1-3 we can see maximum approaching, and then 10 * 10 surely means the final of spring sun.

186 (Kb5-14) - 97 (Ka5-14) = 89 is close to a quarter if each glyph is equal to one day. If equal to 2 days, 89 is close to half a year.