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TRANSLATIONS
Next page is the last of those
from the link 'more pages':
Let us now try to add to the
beginning of the front side 59,
64, etc days from the end of
side b in order to ascertain what
number of days will fit the two
pare glyphs in H best.
Without any additions the
following redmarked day numbers are - we
have concluded - connected with
the 2nd pare:
 |
 |
 |
 |
 |
 |
|
Ha5-19 |
Ha5-20 (236) |
Ha5-21 |
Ha5-22 |
Ha5-23 |
Ha5-24 (240) |
|
day
79 |
240 / 3 = 80 |
|
290 |
 |
 |
 |
 |
|
Ha10-29
(531) |
Ha10-30 |
Ha10-31 |
Ha10-32 (534) |
|
177 = 6 * 29.5 |
534 / 3 = 178 |
178 + 59 = 237 (of
course - with 531 / 3 =
177 days), and day
number 237 points at the
beginning of the 2nd
'circle'. Given that we can rely on
G where 472 / 2 = 236,
though 236 is here
counted without any
additional days from the
end of side b - excepting
Gb8-30, where we can
count 8 * 30 =
240 (= 10 * 24).
80 + 59 = 139 does not
strike any bell, though.
This fact, together with glyph number 237 at moa
in Ha5-21, should make us consider the possibility
of changing our focus from 80 to 79, which will
result in a satisfactory 178 - 79 = 99 days as the distance to the
2nd pare glyph:
|
|
|
|
294 |
|
|
|
|
Ha5-19 |
Ha5-20 (236) |
Ha5-21 |
Ha10-30 |
Ha10-31 |
Ha10-32 (534) |
|
79 |
99 = 178 - 79 |
Moa is a glyph type which has its proper
place at the beginning of
a
cycle - which agrees with its glyph number (237)
- and by adding 295 to 236 we will come to ariki in Ha10-29:
|
|
|
|
293 |
|
|
|
|
|
Ha5-19 |
Ha5-20
|
Ha5-21 |
Ha10-29
|
Ha10-30 |
Ha10-31 |
Ha10-32 |
99 days =
178 - 79, or
with 59 days added from
the end of side b, 99 = 237
- 138.
138 can
be read as 13 combined
with 8 (where 13 * 8 =
104 = 4 * 26). Spring Sun
evidently is 'loosing
his head' already in
day 138, but it could take a
further 99 days before
he fades completely away.
If we add 5 further days (= 64 - 59)
we will have day numbers 242 respectively 143. 2 * 42 =
84 and 14 * 3 = 42 =
84 / 2. Also with 64 days added it therefore appears
to be
possible to read a connection between the
'disappearance of the head' (Ha5-19--20) and pare
in Ha10-31.
In the table below I
have used additions with also 106 respectively 108
days,
because these number of days may have determined
the locations:
|
additional days from the end of side b: |
- |
+ 59 |
+ 64 |
+ 106 |
+ 108 |
 |
40 |
99 |
104 |
146 |
148 |
|
|
79 |
138 |
143 |
185 |
187 |
|
|
178 |
237 |
242 |
284 |
286 |
59 could be the
correct number of days to add,
and then 168
becomes the midpoint: (99 + 237) =
168.
It may be a coincidence,
but 138 = 414 / 3, where 414 is equal to 'one more'
than 14 * 29.5:
 |
 |
 |
 |
|
Gb7-1 |
Gb7-2 |
Gb7-3 |
Gb7-4 (414) |
Day
number 414 has no mata.
|
Then, at last, we are up again at
the 'top' level. Though next page will once again lead us down to subpages:
|
At honui was
described a pattern based on 18 lunar months which locates the two
pare glyphs in H firmly where they should be:
|
118 = 4 * 29.5 |
|
413 = 14 * 29.5 |
|
|
Ha3-11 (119) |
Ha10-31 (533) |
1296 = 18 * 72, we
should remember. Perhaps
it means we should think
10 * 72 (Sun) + 72 * 8 (Moon) =
720 + 576 =
1296?
18 lunar months =
531 days appears to be
'half' the cycle
(because 18 = 36 / 2),
and pare will
then indicate Sun - when
he arrives and when he
leaves. He has only a
single 'leg' (or 'wing')
and therefore 18 is a
proper measure for Sun.
Expressed in lunar
doublemonths, it means
he arrives after 2
doublemonths and will be
present during 7
doublemonths. 2 + 7 = 9,
and then he will be gone
to his winter maid.
531 / 3 = 177 days = 6 *
29.5 = 354 / 2 is also a measure
for the season of Sun.
1296 / 3 = 432 is the
total cycle and then 432 -
177 = 255 (= 15 * 17)
days will remain for Moon.
648 - 531 = 117 glyphs
(i.e. 39 days) at the end of side a
could belong to the back
side, 39 +
216 (= 648 / 3) = 255.
Not very convincing.
Better then to think 531
glyphs for Sun and 400
for Moon, leaving 365
for a separate calendar.
531 + 400 + 365 = 1296.
If 400 glyphs in a 'Moon
sequence' follow beyond
ariki in Ha10-29,
then we should find the
end of these 400 glyphs at
position 531 + 400 =
931 (at Hb6-29):
|
236 |
|
293 |
|
|
Ha5-21 (237) |
Ha10-29 (531) |
|
8 * 29.5 |
10 * 29.5 = 295 |
|
|
|
|
393 |
 |
 |
 |
 |
|
Ha10-30 |
Ha10-31 |
Ha10-32 |
Hb6-26 |
Hb6-27 |
Hb6-28 |
Hb6-29 |
|
400 |
A dot at mea ke
in Hb6-29 marks it is
noteworthy. At the
preceding hetuu
we can count to 6 * 28 =
168.
We need
to study the suggested pattern
531 + 400 + 365 = 1296 in order to find out if it really could have
been in the mind of the creator of the H text.
|
|
If there is a pattern 531 + 400 + 365 = 1296
glyphs embedded in the text of H, then the first glyph of the last
365 should be
mauga in Hb6-30 (where 6 * 30 = 180 is a promising sign - it
could mean Sun is once again the subject):
|
|
|
|
|
 |
 |
|
Hb6-26 |
Hb6-27 |
Hb6-28 |
Hb6-29
(931) |
Hb6-30 (1) |
Hb6-31 |
If the source of light
in the sky is hidden
behind a 'mountain',
it could explain the
'feathers' in the
background, and the
preceding mea ke
could illustrate the
total darkness after all
the fires (including old
Sun) were
extinguished (at winter
soltice).
The parallel text of Q
is ending here, and only
the upper parts of the
glyphs are visible:
 |
 |
 |
 |
 |
 |
|
*Qb9-7 |
*Qb9-8 |
*Qb9-9 |
*Qb9-10 |
*Qb9-11 |
*Qb9-12
(736) |
|
62 |
63 |
(736 - 608)
/ 2 = 64 |
It does not mean that
the bottom parts have
been erased by the
forces of time, but probably the
glyphs have been
intentionaly drawn like
this. The 'proof' is
that hetuu in
*Qb9-9 is visible in
full. Its glyph number
is 733, which could be a
sign. For instance, is 73 * 3 = 219 or 60
% of 365. 733 is also
equal to 533 (the glyph
number of the vanishing
pare in Ha10-31)
+ 200. However, 7 * 33 =
231 may be the best
guess, in which case 736
should be 'translated'
in 500 + 236.
The overall structure of Q has
been mapped (cfr
at ariga erua), and
a break in time is
visible between *Qb5-35
and *Qb5-36:
 |
 |
 |
 |
|
*Qb5-33 |
*Qb5-34 (608) |
*Qb5-35 |
*Qb5-36 |
|
day 368 = 608 / 2 + 64 |
day 1 (= 369 - 368) |
With 5 * 35 = 175 and 5
* 36 = 180 it could mean
that the point of
'breaking' (hatiga) is
defined by a measure of
6 lunar months (177
days). If the kuhane
stations cover half a
month each, then this
pattern agrees with
Hatinga Te Kohe as
station number 12.
369 - 177 = 192.
Or if we count 368 - 177
= 191 (which maybe means we should add 1 day in the
same way as we often add Gb8-30 to the beginning of
the front side).
Glyph number
2 * 192 = 384 (counted
from *Qb5-36) could end
the first (192 day long) part of the
cycle.
There are 736 - 609 =
127 glyphs beyond
*Qb5-35. Glyph number
384 - 127 = 257 counted
from the beginning of
side a should then be in day
192. It is *Qa7-3:
 |
 |
 |
 |
 |
 |
|
*Qa7-1 |
*Qa7-2 |
*Qa7-3 (257) |
*Qa7-4 |
*Qa7-5 |
*Qa7-6 |
257 / 2 + 63˝ = 192. The
parallel glyph in H is
*Ha7-22 (where we can
read 22 / 7 =
π) and where the day
number possibly is 366
/ 3 + 59 = 181:
 |
 |
 |
 |
 |
 |
|
*Ha7-20 |
*Ha7-21 |
*Ha7-22 (366) |
*Ha7-23 |
*Ha7-24 |
*Ha7-25 |
When glyphs are
'parallel' it does not
mean they automatically will share the
same glyph numbers nor
the same day numbers,
because the space on the
tablets are not equal,
and the creators of the
texts evidently were
creative artists capable
of shaping original
structures.
Maybe, even, they used
the same 'melody' not only in different 'keys' but
also with different 'texts'. The 'hair' is flowing
backwards in *Ha7-23 but forward in *Qa7-4. Although
the nuku signs in *Qa7-6 and *Ha7-25 are
drawn exactly the same there are 2 mea ke
'chevrons' in Q but 3 in H. Capricorn is the goat at
winter solstice, goats climb in trees.
"chevron ... mark of officer's
rank ... (O)F. chevron = Pr. cabrion,
Sp. cabrio, rafter, chevron, long-service
stripe ... Rom. *capriōne,
f. caper
goat, corr. to ON. hafr
he-goat; cf. Sp. cabriol
rafter ... L. capreolus
(dim. of caper),
the pl. of which was applied to two pieces of wood
inclined like rafters." (English Etymology)
Maybe 3
'chevrons' are needed to indicate winter solstice.
Tagata in *Ha7-22 is drawn en face, but
not tagata in *Qa7-3. But the 'baby' in
*Qa7-3 is en face, and he has 3 'feathers' at
left and 2 at right. The preceding glyph has ordinal
number 256 = 8 * 32. If we divide by 2 it becomes
day number 128, or with 64 added day number 192 = 6
* 32.
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|
531 is not a single
sequence of glyphs, it consists of two different series, first 236
and then 295:
 |
234 |
|
|
293 |
|
|
Ha1-1 |
Ha5-20 (236) |
Ha5-21 |
Ha10-29 (531) |
|
4 * 59 = 236 |
5
* 59 = 295 |
|
9 * 59 = 531 |
In G we can find 236 as:
 |
234 |
 |
|
Gb8-30 |
Gb1-6 (236) |
|
4 * 59 = 236 |
9 + 9
'feathers' in Gb1-6 seems to say that half the cycle
(472 / 2 = 236) has been reached. The full cycle
will then be 472 = 16 * 29.5 glyphs long. Maybe the
physical limits of the G tablet forced a shorter
version of an otherwise standard 9 * 59 = 531 glyph
long calendar with 4 doublemonths followed by 5
('land' followed by 'fire').
Maybe
the creator of the G text has added the missing 59
glyphs to the beginning of side a?
|
|
234 |
|
 |
293 |
 |
|
Gb8-30 |
Gb1-6 (236) |
Gb1-7 |
Ga2-29 (531) |
|
4 * 59 = 236 |
5
* 59 = 295 |
531 at
Ga2-29 is here 472 + 59 (without adding Gb8-30 once
more). The following manu kake will
then be glyph number 532 - which can be read as 5
('fire') times 32 ('days of growth') = 160 = 8 * 20
(or as 53 * 2 = 106):
 |
 |
|
|
Ga2-27 |
Ga2-28 |
Ga2-29 |
 |
 |
 |
 |
 |
|
Ga3-1 (532) |
Ga3-2 |
Ga3-3 |
Ga3-4 |
Ga3-5 |
It
fits rather well. Each glyph can in G be counted as a
day, and there will then be 300 days from manu kake
to the end of the year:
|
|
292 |
 |
 |
|
Ga3-1 (61) |
Gb4-33 (354) |
Gb5-1 |
|
295 = 5 * 59 |
 |
 |
 |
 |
 |
|
Gb5-2 |
Gb5-3 |
Gb5-4 |
Gb5-5 |
Gb5-6 (360) |
|
5 |
5 lunar doublemonths of Sun are
followed by 5 extra days ('one more' 5) in order to
reach 300 days. The 'midnight henua'
in Gb5-3 (as in 53) has a 'baby' hanging
in front.
Then follows 472 - 360 = 112 days to the
end of side b and 59 at the beginning of
side a. 112 + 59 = 171. But we must also
add Gb8-30 and Gb5-2--6 in order to
reach 3 * 59 = 177 days. Though still we have
no more than 8 * 59 = 472 days in
the calendar:
|
|
293 |
|
|
175 |
|
|
Ga3-1 (61) |
Gb5-1 |
Gb5-2 (356) |
Ga2-29 (532) |
|
5 * 59 = 295 |
3
* 59 = 177 |
|
8 * 59 = 472 |
Hatinga Te Kohe could be at
Gb5-1. It is at position 10 * 29˝
counted from manu kake or at
position 354 = 12 * 29˝ counted from Ga1-1 (without
adding Gb8-30).
This kuhane station could
indicate where the 'ruler' (old
Sun) is 'breaking' - after 10 months
according to what possibly was the old
system or after 12 months acccording to
a new system.
There are two Vaitu months and
two Hora months (cfr at honu):
...
Whare-patari,
who is credited with introducing the
year of twelve months into New Zealand,
had a staff with twelve notches on it.
He went on a visit to some people called
Rua-roa (Long pit) who were
famous round about for their extensive
knowledge. They inquired of Whare
how many months the year had according
to his reckoning. He showed them the
staff with its twelve notches, one for
each month. They replied: 'We are in
error since we have but ten months. Are
we wrong in lifting our crop of
kumara (sweet potato) in the eighth
month?'
Whare-patari
answered: 'You are wrong. Leave them
until the tenth month. Know you not that
there are two odd feathers in a bird's
tail? Likewise there are two odd months
in the year ...
Conceptually
12 is clearly 2 more ('odd tail
feathers') than 10 (the basis of counting in the
'decimal' system). But 12 may have been
the basis of a more ancient 'duodecimal'
system, where for instance 5 * 12 = 60.
Also in Polynesia 12 months may have
been there from the very beginning.
The 'quality' of 10 is 'earth' (for
instance because the kumara could
grow for 10 months), whereas 12 has a
'flavour' of 'sky' ('fire', 5). The
Moriori counted their
years in
groups of 12. They also used to
divide their years into 12 months, or
into 24 halfmonths if the women were
counted (cfr at manu kake):
... the first month of the Moriori year,
was named Rongo (Lono). On
the first of the new year the Moriori
launched a small canoe to Rongo,
although they built and used only rude
craft for their fishing excursions. The
canoe was manned by twelve figures
symbolizing the personifications of the
twelve months. Sometimes twenty-four
figures were placed in the canoe, and
Skinner interprets the additional twelve
as representing the female counterparts
of the months. As an old Maori once
remarked. 'Everything has its female
counterpart ...
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|
"Shand, whose patient research into
the traditions of the now-extinct Moriori furnishes the only
authentic information about these unfortunate people, enumerated the
twelve years of their cycle as follows:
|
Hita-nuku |
Hiti-kaupeke |
Muru-tau |
|
Hita-rangi |
To
Whanga-poroporo |
Muru-koroki |
|
Hita-ra |
Te
Whanga-rei |
Muru-angina |
|
Hiti-kau-rereka |
Muru-whenue |
Pute-hapa |
The first five names contain hiti, which Shand
translated 'jumping'. It is the Maori whiti (Hawaiian hiki)
which signifies 'rise' or 'shine' as applied to heavenly bodies and
is also found in tawhiti or tahiki 'borders' or
'distant lands'.
But Moriori traditions refer to the earliest settlers
of their islands as the Hiti, 'Ancient Ones'; hence it would
seem that Hiti had acquired the meaning 'ancient' with them.
The significance of the first three names of the
cycle thus becomes Ancient or Rising Earth, Ancient or Rising
Heaven, and Ancient or Rising Sun.
In contrast with the first five names which contain
the word 'ancient' the last five, with one exception, containt the
word muru which Shand identified with the Maori muri,
'later' or 'last'. Muru-whenua, for example, is 'later land'.
Shand states that Muru-whenua and
Muru-angina resemble Maori names for certain winds, but he was
unable to obtain any illumination on these year names from any
native of his times.
The fifth name of the cycle is derived from the Maori
kaupeka, 'branch', applied to branches of knowledge and to
branches of the year or months. The Maori Whiti-kaupeka is
the name of the star Spica in Virgo. Among the Marquesans,
Hiti-kaupeka was one of the trinity of sky deities and visited
the earth occasionally in the form of a bird.
The names of the years of the Moriori cycle may
commemorate a cosmological sequence beginning with the rising of the
ancient earth from ocean depths, the lifting of the sky, and the
first rising of the newly created Sun.
Since Poroporo (Porapora) in the sixth term is a
well-known geographical name brought into the Pacific from
far-western lands, it is possible that the middle names refer to the
branching off of the remote ancestors of the Moriori from the main
stock and their subsequent migrations. Thus the last five names may
refer to the later stages of the long journey which brought them
first to New Zealand and finally to the inhospitable Chatham
Islands."
(Makemson)
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|
My comments:
1. Translating
hiti as 'jumping' evokes the season of 'spring', the time when
the calves are jumping around, forcing the sky roof to stand higher.
A calf is not only a
young bull (Taurus) but also the part of the leg above the knee (cfr
at ika hiku):
... To flex the knees
lightly, as used to do the youths of both sexes when, after having
stayed inside for a long period to get a fair complexion, they
showed themselves off in dances called te hikiga haúga,
parading on a footpath of smooth stones, with their faces painted,
lightly flexing their knees with each step ...
2. The sequence nuku,
ragi, raa agrees with my idea that the year is
beginning when spring Sun (Raa) has left, with day (64 + 236) +
1
from winter solstice. The beginning of the new year is a dark time.
3. Hiti is not
hita. Therefore the first 3 years of the 12 constitutes a
separate group. It resembles the first 3 star 'pillars' of Tahiti:
Ana-mua (Antares), Ana-muri (Aldebaran), and Ana-roto
(Spica), entrance, rear, and middle.
It could mean that
nuku corresponds to beginning, ragi to end and raa
to center. In the beginning there is no light and at
the end the spirit will rise to heaven. Only in between (in summer)
are we truly living.
4. The following 9 years
will then be a 2nd (Moon-oriented) group of years, and the names are
dividing these 8 + 1 years into (I guess) waxing (hiti), apex
(haga), waning (muri), and rebirth (dark Moon):
|
Hiti-kau-rereka |
To
Whanga-poroporo |
Muru-whenue |
Pute-hapa |
|
Hiti-kaupeke |
Te
Whanga-rei |
Muru-tau |
4 + 1 = 5 |
|
2 + 2 = 4 |
Muru-koroki |
|
Muru-angina |
5. If the Moriori
system for the 12 years was a reflection of their 12 months,
which I suspect, then the structure indeed becomes 5 + 2 + 5,
with poroporo quite similar to poporo. At hua
poporo I wrote:
... The
'berries' in the hua poporo glyphs indicate how the
'fruits' are ripe for harvest, they will fall and a new dark
season will enter (popo). The 'balls' (popo)
announce the coming drops. Maybe - as if by sympathetic
magic - the fruits will fall with the rain ...
6. Hiti-kaupeke
apparently is the 5th and last of the season of growth
('jumping'), and then comes the middle of summer (2 peaceful months named haga).
'Branches' is the numerous last
offspring of the tree of
growth:
|
Peka
Pekapeka, starfish. Vanaga.
1. 100,000 T. 2. A cross;
pekapeka, curly; pekapekavae, instep T.
(? shoelaces.); hakapeka, to cross;
hakapekapeka, to interlace, lattice. T Mgv.:
peka, a cross, athwart, across; pepeka,
thick, only said of a number of shoots or sprouts in
a close bunch. Mq.: peka, a cross, dense
thicket. Ta.: pea, a cross. Churchill.
Mq.: Pekahi, to make signs
with the hand, to blow the fire with a fan. Ha.:
peahi, id. Churchill. |
|
Peke
1. To bite (of fish or lobster
pecking at fishhook). 2. To repeat an action:
he-peke te rua; ina ekó peke-hakaou te rua don't
you do it a second time; ina ekó peke hakaou-mai
te rua ara, don't come back here again. Vanaga.
To succeed, to follow. Pau.:
peke, to follow, to accompany. Ta.: pee,
to follow. Churchill.
Mgv.: Pekepeke. 1. The
tentacles of the octopus retracted. Mq.: peke,
to tuck up the clothes. Ma.: pepeke, to draw
up the legs and arms. 2. A crab. Ha.: pee-one,
a crab that burrows in the sand. Churchill. |
Then comes first
signs of the new year, the 'black fruits' (hua poporo).
The middle of the
year therefore consists of the 5th and 6th of the 12 months. The star
which announces this midseason is Ana-roto (Spica,
Whiti-kaupeka).
With 5 and 6 located in the
middle, we must have 10 months, not 12.
|
|
In G the
season of hua poporo, so to say, arrives with glyph number
185, which agrees with how the Moriori fishermen located
their year To Whanga-poroporo according to my interpretation
above:
 |
 |
 |
|
Ga7-15 (185) |
Ga7-32 |
Ga7-33 |
 |
 |
 |
 |
|
Ga8-2 |
Ga8-3 |
Ga8-7 |
Ga8-8 (212) |
|
|
