Hipu. Calabash, shell, cup, jug, goblet, pot, plate, vase, bowl, any such receptacle; hipu hiva, melon, bottle; hipu takatore, vessel; hipu unuvai, drinking glass. P Mgv.: ipu, calabash, gourd for carrying liquids. Mq.: ipu, all sorts of small vases, shell, bowl, receptacle, coconut shell. Ta.: ipu, calabash, cup, receptacle. Churchill.

... Then the big Fish did swallow him, and he had done acts worthy of blame. Had it not been that he (repented and) glorified Allah, He would certainly have remained inside the Fish till the Day of Resurrection. - Qur'an, chapter 37 (As-Saaffat), verse 139–144. But We cast him forth on the naked shore in a state of sickness, And We caused to grow, over him, a spreading plant of the gourd kind. And We sent him (on a mission) to a hundred thousand (men) or more. And they believed; so We permitted them to enjoy (their life) for a while. - Qur'an, chapter 37 (As-Saaffat), verse 145–148 ...

... The state of the tree loomed large in their thoughts, because it came about at the same time the head of One Hunaphu was put in the fork. The Xibalbans said among themselves: 'No one is to pick the fruit, nor is anyone to go beneath the tree', they said. They restricted themselves, all of Xibalba held back. It isn't clear which is the head of One Hunaphu; now it's exactly the same as the fruit of the tree. Calabash came to be its name, and much was said about it. A maiden heard about it, and here we shall tell of her arrival ...

CLOSE TO THE FULL MOON:

DEC 9 (7 * 7 * 7)

10 (344)

Febr 11 (42 = 407 = 343 + 64)

A Hydrae (144.1)

~~VEGA (α Lyrae)~~

UKDAH (Knot) = ι Hydrae (145.4), κ Hydrae (145.5), SUBRA = ο Leonis (145.8)

*104.0 = *145.4 - *41.4

~~ALPHEKKA MERIDIANA~~

Rishu A.-13 (Head of the Lion)

ψ Leonis (146.4), RAS ELASET AUSTRALIS = ε Leonis (146.6)

*105.0 = *146.4 - *41.4

CLOSE TO THE SUN:

Itzam-Yeh defeated	28 May (148), 3149 BC
1st 3-stone place	21 May (141), 3114 BC
Creation of our present world	13 August (225), 3114 BC
Och ta chan (Hun-Nal-Ye 'entered or became the sky')	5 February (36), 3112 BC
21 May, 3114 BC - 5 February, 3112 BC = 542
542 'happens to be' the sum of 365 days and 6 * 29½ nights.

... In three magnificent texts at the site of Koba, scribes recorded it as one of the largest finite numbers we humans have ever written. According to these inscriptions, our world was created on the day 4 Ahaw 8 Kumk'u. On this day all the cycles of the Maya calendar above twenty years were set at thirteen - that is to say, the cycles of 400 years, 8,000 years, 160,000 years, 32,000,000 years, and so on, all the way up to a cycle number extending to twenty places (20₂₁ * 1360-day year).

In our calendar, this day fell on August 13, 3114 BC. To understand what this means, we need a little scale. The thirteens in this huge number act like the twelve in our cycles - the next hour after twelve is one. Thirteen changed to one as each of these cycles in the Maya calendar was completed, therefore, we have the following sequence:

*13.*	*13.*	*13.*	0.	0.	0.	1.	*5 Imix*	*9 Kumk'u*	*(Aug. 14, 3114 B.C.)*
*13.*	*13.*	*13.*	0.	0.	1.	0.	*11 Ahaw*	*3 Pop*	*(Sept. 2, 3114 B.C.)*
*13.*	*13.*	*13.*	0.	1.	0.	0.	*13 Ahaw*	*3 Kumk'u*	*(Aug.7, 3113 B.C.)*
*13.*	*13.*	*13.*	1.	0.	0.	0.	*2 Ahaw*	*8 Mak*	*(May 1, 3094 B.C.)*
*13.*	*13.*	1.	0.	0.	0.	0.	*3 Ahaw*	*13 Ch'en*	*(Nov. 15, 2720 B.C.)*
*13.*	*13.*	*13.*	0.	0.	0.	0.	*4 Ahaw*	*3 K'ank'in*	*(Dec. 23, A.D. 2012)*
*13.*	1.	0.	0.	0.	0.	0.	*10 Ahaw*	*13 Yaxk'in*	*(Oct. 15, A.D. 4772)*
1.	0.	0.	0.	0.	0.	0.	*7 Ahaw*	*3 Zotz'*	*(Nov. 22, A.D. 154587)*

... This pot depicts one of the Hero Twins (One-Ahaw in the Classic texts and One-Hunaphu in the K'iche' Popol Vuh) and a great bird who is trying to land in a huge ceiba tree heavy with fruit. This mythical bird is Itzam-Yeh, Classic prototype of Wuqub-Kaqix, 'Seven-Macaw', of Popol Vuh fame. In that story, in the time before the sky was lifted up to make room for the light, the vainglorious Seven-Macaw imagined himself to be the sun. Offended by his pride, the Hero Twins humbled him by breaking his beautiful shining tooth with a pellet from their blowgun. This pot shows One-Ahaw aiming at the bird as he swoops down to land in his tree. As Itzam-Yeh lands on his perch, the text tells us he is 'entering or becoming the sky'.

This particular 'sky-entering' is not the one mentioned in the Palenque text. It is the final event that occurred in the previous creation before the universe was remade. Before the sky could be raised and the real sun revealed in all its splendor, the Hero Twins had to put the false sun, Itzam-Yeh, in his place. If the date on this pot corresponds to that pre-Columbian event, as we believe it does, then Itzam-Yeh was defeated on 12.18.4.5.0.1 Ahaw 3 K'ank'in (May 28, 3149 B.C.). After the new universe was finally brought into existence, First Father also entered the sky by landing in the tree, just as Itzam-Yeh did ...

Itzam-Yeh was a name for Ursa Major:

JUNE 9

10 (161)

Aug 12 (224)

Creation of our present world

5 Imix 9 Kumk'u

CASTRA = ε Capricorni (327.2), BUNDA = ξ Aquarii (327.5)

~~SIRIUS (α Canis Majoris)~~

Mahar sha hi-na Shahū-26 (Western One in the Tail of the Goat)

NASHIRA = γ Capricorni (328.0), ν Oct. (328.3), AZELFAFAGE = π¹ Cygni, κ Capricorni (328.7)

Arkat sha hi-na Shahū-27 (Eastern One in the Tail of the Goat)

ENIF (The Nose) = ε Pegasi, ERAKIS = μ Cephei (329.2), 46 CAPRICORNI, JIH (the Sun) = κ Pegasi (329.3), ι Piscis Austrini (329.4), λ Capricorni (329.6), ν Cephei (329.7), DENEB ALGIEDI = δ Capricorni (329.8)

*288.0 = *329.4 - *41.4

Ca6-7 (132 + 15)

Ca6-8 (148 = 228 - 80)

Ca6-9

Ca6-10

etoru kiore

te henua te rima

... In China, with Capricornus, Pisces, and a part of Sagittarius, it [Aquarius] constituted the early Serpent, or Turtle, Tien Yuen; and later was known as Hiuen Ying, the Dark Warrior and Hero, or Darkly Flourishing One, the Hiuen Wu, or Hiuen Heaou, of the Han dynasty, which Dupuis gave as Hiven Mao. It was a symbol of the emperor Tchoun Hin, in whose reign was a great deluge; but after the Jesuits came in it became Paou Ping, the Precious Vase. It contained three of the sieu, and headed the list of zodiac signs as the Rat, which in the far East was the ideograph for 'water', and still so remains in the almanacs of Central Asia, Cochin China, and Japan ...

Kiore. Rat. Vanaga. Rat, mouse; kiore hiva, rabbit. P Pau., Mgv.: kiore, rat, mouse. Mq.: kioē, íoé, id. Ta.: iore, id. Churchill.

... The Moon rabbit in folklore is a rabbit that lives on the moon ... The story exists in many cultures, particularly in Aztec mythology and East Asian folklore, where it is seen pounding in a mortar and pestle.

JUNE 17 (168)

PESTLE

REGULUS

In Chinese folklore, it is often portrayed as a companion of the moon goddess Chang'e, constantly pounding the elixir of life for her; but in Japanese and Korean versions, it is just pounding the ingredients for rice cake ...

CLOSE TO THE FULL MOON:

DEC 12

LUCIA

15 (349 = 14 * 29½ - 64)

Febr 14 (45 = 227 - 182)

θ Piscis Austrini (330.1), λ Oct. (330.7)

All Hearts' Day

15 (46 = 411)

KUH (Weeping) = μ Capricorni (331.4), γ Gruis (331.5)

*290.0 = *331.4 - *41.4

16 (229 + 183)

No star listed (332)

17 (14 * 29½)

η Piscis Austrini (333.4)

*292.0 = *333.4 - *41.4

If the beginning of the C text was designed (as I have suggested) to be where Algenib Pegasi (*1) was at the Full Moon in September 22 (264 = 81 + 183) - according to my assumed epoch of rongorongo - then the position 147 days (glyphs) later should be when Kuh (264 + 147 - 80 = *331) was at the Full Moon.

CLOSE TO THE SUN:

JUNE 12 (163)

13 (347 - 183 = 228 - 64)

14 (165)

Aug 15 (227)

16 (187 + 41)

17 (229)

18 (150 + 80)

VATHORZ PRIOR = υ Carinae (147.9)

υ¹ Hydrae (148.4), RAS ELASET BOREALIS (Northern Head of the Lion) = μ Leonis (148.7)

*107.0 = *148.4 - *41.4

TSEEN KE (Heaven's Record) = φ Velorum (149.9)

ν Leonis (150.1), π Leonis (150.6)

Thus, in August 16 (227 + 1 = 80 + 148) these 3 sitting 'rats' would have been visible close to the Full Moon. And according to the epoch of Bharani their position would have been in day 228 - 41 = 187 ("July 6) = *107 (= 472 - 365 = 41 + 66).

The stars could not be observed when they were close to the Sun and therefore the nakshatra stars must be observed instead. These should therefore be illustrated in the rongorongo text rather than those stars which were hidden by the fierce rays from the Sun.

CLOSE TO THE FULL MOON:
DEC 16 (350 = 80 + 270)

Gb2-15 (270)	Ca6-11 (151)
Febr 18 (414 = 350 + 64)
SADALMELIK (22h)
CLOSE TO THE SUN:
JUNE 17 (168 = 350 - 182)
Aug 20 (232 = 414 - 182)
REGULUS (10h)

... and then, with stunning abruptness, at a crucial date that can be almost precisely fixed at 3200 BC (in the period of the archaeological stratum known as Uruk B), there appears in this little Sumerian mud garden - as though the flowers of its tiny cities were suddenly bursting into bloom - the whole cultural syndrome that has since constituted the germinal unit of all the high civilization of the world.

And we cannot attribute this event to any achievement of the mentality of simple peasants. Nor was it the mechanical consequence of a simple piling up of material artifacts, economically determined. It was actually and clearly the highly conscious creation (this much can be asserted with complete assurance) of the mind and science of a new order of humanity, which had never before appeared in the history of mankind; namely, the professional, full-time, initiated, strictly regimented temple priest.

The new inspiration of civilized life was based, first, on the discovery, through long and meticulous, carefully checked and rechecked observations, that there were, besides the sun and moon, five other visible or barely visible heavenly spheres (to wit, Mercury, Venus, Mars, Jupiter, and Saturn) which moved in established courses, according to established laws, along the ways followed by the sun and moon, among the fixed stars; and then, second, on the almost insane, playful, yet potentially terrible notion that the laws governing the movements of the seven heavenly spheres should in some mystical way be the same as those governing the life and thought of men on earth.

The whole city, not simply the temple area, was now conceived as an imitation on earth of the cosmic order, a sociological 'middle cosmos', or mesocosm, established by priestcraft between the macrocosm of the universe and the microcosm of the individual, making visible the one essential form of all. The king was the center, as a human representative of the power made celestially manifest either in the sun or the moon, according to the focus of the local cult; the walled city was organized architecturally in the design of a quartered circle (like the circles designed on the ceramic ware of the period just preceeding), centered around the pivotal sanctum of the palace or ziggurat (as the ceramic designs around the cross, rosette, or swastika); and there was a mathematically structured calendar to regulate the seasons of the city's life according to the passages of the sun and moon among the stars - as well as a highly developed system of liturgical arts, including music, the art rendering audible to human ears the world-ordering harmony of the celestial spheres.

It was at this moment in human destiny that the art of writing first appeared in the world and that scriptorially documented history therefore begins. Also, the wheel appeared. And we have evidence of the development of the two numerical systems still normally employed throughout the civilized world, the decimal and the sexigesimal; the former was used mostly for business accounts in the offices of the temple compounds, where the grain was stored that had been collected as taxes, and the latter for the ritualistic measuring of space and time as well. Three hundred and sixty degrees, then as now, represented the circumference of a circle - the cycle of the horizon - while three hundred and sixty days, plus five, marked the measurement of the circle of the year, the cycle of time. The five intercalated days that bring the total to three hundred and sixty-five were taken to represent a sacred opening through which spiritual energy flowed into the round of the temporal universe from the pleroma of eternity, and they were designated, consequently, days of holy feast and festival.

Comparably, the ziggurat, the pivotal point in the center of the sacred circle of space, where the earthly and heavenly powers joined, was also characterized by the number five; for the four sides of the tower, oriented to the points of the compass, came together at the summit, the fifth point, and it was there that the energy of heaven met the earth.

The early Sumerian temple tower with the hieratically organized little city surrounding it, where everyone played his role according to the rules of a celestially inspired divine game, supplied the model of paradise that we find, centuries later, in the Hindu-Buddhist imagery of the world mountain, Sumeru, whose jeweled slopes, facing the four directions, peopled on the west by sacred serpents, on the south by gnomes, on the north by earth giants, and on the east by divine musicians, rose from the mid-point of the earth as the vertical axis of the egg-shaped universe, and bore on its quadrangular summit the palatial mansions of the deathless gods, whose towered city was known as Amaravati, 'The Town Immortal'. But it was the model also of the Greek Olympus, the Aztec temples of the sun, and Dante's holy mountain of Purgatory, bearing on its summit the Earthly Paradise.

For the form and concept of the City of God conceived as a 'mesochosm' (an earthly imitation of the celestial order of the macrocosm) which emerged on the threshold of history circa 3200 BC, at precisely that geographical point where the rivers of Tigris and Euphrates reach the Persian Gulf, was disseminated eastward and westward along the ways already blazed by the earlier neolithic. The wonderful life-organizing assemblage of ideas and principles - including those of kingship, writing, mathematics, and calendrical astronomy - reached the Nile, circa 2800 BC; it spread to Crete on the one hand, and on the other, to the valley of the Indus, circa 2600 BC; to Shang China, circa 1600 BC; and, according to at least one high authority, Dr Robert Heine-Geldern, from China across the Pacific, during the prosperous seafaring period of the late Chou Dynasty, between the seventh and fourth centuries BC, to Peru and Middle America ...