In the C text the Punarvasu lights (erua marama)
seem to have been depicted by a pair of great marama glyphs.
Marama. 1. Month, light. The ancient names of the month were: Tua haro, Tehetu'upú, Tarahao, Vaitu nui, Vaitu poru, He Maro, He Anakena, Hora iti, Hora nui, Tagaroa uri, Ko Ruti, Ko Koró. 2. Name of an ancient tribe. Maramara, ember. Vanaga. Light, day, brightness, to glimmer; month; intelligent, sensible; no tera marama, monthly; marama roa, a long term; horau marama no iti, daybreak; hakamarama, school, to glimmer; hare hakamarama, school, classroom. P Mgv.: màràma, the light, daylight; maràma, wise, learned, instructed, moon. Mq.: maáma, light, broad day, bright, instructed, learned; meama, moon, month. Ta.: marama, moon, month. In form conditionalis this word seems derivative from lama, in which the illuminating sense appears in its signification of a torch. The sense of light, and of specifically the moon, appears in all Polynesia; in Futuna and Uvea the word signifies the world. The tropical extension to the light of intelligence is not found in Nuclear Polynesia, therefore not in the Proto-Samoan, but is a later Tongafiti development. Maramarama, bright; manava maramarama, intelligent. P Pau.: maramarama, intelligent. Ta.: maramarama, light, brightness. Churchill. The month sense is found in Tahiti, Marquesas, Rarotonga and Maori associated with the moon signification, and in Hawaii is specifically dissociated therefrom to characterize a solar month. Churchill 2. ... In Greek and Roman mythology, Castor ... Κάστωρ, Kastōr, 'beaver', and Pollux or Polydeuces ... Πολυδεύκης, Poludeukēs, 'much sweet wine', were twin brothers, together known as the Dioscuri Διόσκουροι, Dioskouroi, 'sons of Zeus'. Their mother was Leda, but Castor was the mortal son of Tyndareus, king of Sparta, and Pollux the divine son of Zeus, who visited Leda in the guise of a swan. Though accounts of their birth are varied, they are sometimes said to have been born from an egg, along with their twin sisters Helen of Troy and Clytemnestra.
... When Castor was killed, Pollux asked Zeus to let him share his own immortality with his twin to keep them together, and they were transformed into the constellation Gemini. The pair were regarded as the patrons of sailors, to whom they appeared as St. Elmo's fire, and were also associated with horsemanship ...
The integrity of the Gemini pair had evidently been saved by Zeus in Cb13-16. I.e. in the day after Terminalia (February 23), when the pair could leap up together into the sky every 4th year:
... The leap day was introduced as part of the Julian reform. The day following the Terminalia (February 23) was doubled, forming the 'bis sextum - literally 'double sixth', since February 24 was 'the sixth day before the Kalends of March' using Roman inclusive counting (March 1 was the 'first day'). Although exceptions exist, the first day of the bis sextum (February 24) was usually regarded as the intercalated or 'bissextile' day since the third century. February 29 came to be regarded as the leap day when the Roman system of numbering days was replaced by sequential numbering in the late Middle Ages ...
... In the Gospel of Mark III.17, the 'twins' James and John, the sons of Zebedee, are given by Jesus the name of Boanerges, which the Evangelist explains as meaning 'Sons of Thunder'. This was long overlooked but eventually became the title of a work by a distinguished scholar, too soon forgotten, Rendel Harris. Here the Thunder Twins were shown to exist in cultures as different as Greece, Scandinavia and Peru. They call to mind the roles of Magni and Modi, not actually called twins, but successors of Thor, in Ragnarok. But to quote from Harris: We have shown that it does not necessarily follow that when the parenthood of the Thunder is recognized, it necessarily extends to both of the twins. The Dioscuri may be called unitedly, Sons of Zeus; but a closer investigation shows conclusively that there was a tendency in the early Greek cults to regard one twin as of divine parentage, and the other of human. Thus Castor is credited to Tyndareus, Pollux to Zeus ... The extra child made the trouble, and was credited to an outside source. Only later will the difficulty of discrimination lead to the recognition of both as Sky-boys or Thunder-boys. An instance from a remote civilization will show that this is the right view to take. For example, Arriaga, in his 'Extirpation of Idolatry in Peru' tells us that 'when two children are produced at one birth, which they call Chuchos or Curi, and in el Cuzco Taqui Hua-hua, they hold it for an impious and abominable occurrence, and they say, that one of them is the child of the Lightning, and require a severe penance, as if they had committed a great sin'. And it is interesting to note that when the Peruvians, of whom Arriaga speaks, became Christians, they replaced the name of Son of Thunder, given to one of the twins, by the name of Santiago, having learnt from their Spanish (missionary) teachers that St. James (Santiago) and St. John had been called Sons of Thunder by our Lord, a phrase which these Peruvian Indians seem to have understood, where the great commentators of the Christian Church had missed the meaning ... Another curious and somewhat similar transfer of the language of the Marcan story in the folk-lore of a people, distant both in time and place ... will be found, even at the present day, amongst the Danes ... Besides the conventional flint axes and celts, which commonly pass as thunder-missiles all over the world, the Danes regard the fossil sea-urchin as a thunderstone, and give it a peculiar name. Such stones are named in Salling, sebedaei-stones, s'bedaei; in North Salling they are called sepadeie-stones. In Norbaek, in the district of Viborg, the peasantry called them Zebedee stones! At Jebjerg, in the parish of Cerum, district of Randers, they called them sebedei-stones ... The name that is given to these thunderstones is, therefore, very well established, and it seems certain that it is derived from the reference to the Sons of Zebedee in the Gospel as sons of Thunder. The Danish peasant, like the Peruvian savage, recognised at once what was meant by Boanerges, and called his thunderstone after its patron saint. This might have given pause to later hyperscholars like Bultmann, before they proceeded to 'de-mythologize' the Bible. One never knows what one treads underfoot ...
... The son of Zebedee and Salome, James is styled 'the Greater' to distinguish him from the Apostle James 'the Less', who was probably shorter of stature. We know nothing of St. James's early life. He was the brother of John, the beloved disciple, and probably the elder of the two ... James' emblem was the scallop shell (or 'cockle shell'), and pilgrims to his shrine often wore that symbol on their hats or clothes. The French for a scallop is coquille St. Jacques, which means 'cockle (or mollusk) of St. James'. The German word for a scallop is Jakobsmuschel, which means 'mussel (or clam) of St. James'; the Dutch word is Jacobsschelp, meaning 'shell of St. James' ... The scallop shell is represented in the decoration of churches named after St. James, such as in St James' Church, Sydney, where it appears in a number of places, including in the mosaics on the floor of the chancel. When referring to St James, the scallop shell is represented with convex perspective. Referring to Venus the perspective is concave ... The date to celebrate St James (the Great) was July 25 in Western Christianity, April 30 in Eastern Christianity, and December 30 in the Hispanic Church. On the other hand, St John (the apostle) was celebrated in December 27 according to all these church traditions. St George, who died in April 23 in the year 303 AD, was celebrated in April 23 ...
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