next page previous page table of contents home

Once again. The sow was connected with fertility because she had so many piglets (children). According to Nordic mythology she - by the name of Särimner (Pork-eternal, Sär-imner) - returned to be devoured again each new year. But she was lame on one leg for once upon a time someone had broken it in order to get at the marrow.

Therefore, the correct place for her ought to be at the winter solstice.

... They walked in crowds when they arrived at Tulan, and there was no fire. Only those with Tohil had it: this was the tribe whose god was first to generate fire. How it was generated is not clear. Their fire was already burning when Jaguar Quitze and Jaguar Night first saw it: 'Alas! Fire has not yet become ours. We'll die from the cold', they said. And then Tohil spoke: 'Do not grieve. You will have your own even when the fire you're talking about has been lost', Tohil told them. 'Aren't you a true god! Our sustenance and our support! Our god!' they said when they gave thanks for what Tohil had said. 'Very well, in truth, I am your god: so be it. I am your lord: so be it,' the penitents and sacrificers were told by Tohil. And this was the warming of the tribes. They were pleased by their fire. After that a great downpour began, which cut short the fire of the tribes. And hail fell thickly on all the tribes, and their fires were put out by the hail. Their fires didn't start up again. So then Jaguar Quitze and Jaguar Night asked for their fire again: 'Tohil, we'll be finished off by the cold', they told Tohil. 'Well, do not grive', said Tohil. Then he started a fire. He pivoted inside his sandal ...

... Ishtar, scorned, goes up to heaven in a rage, and extracts from Anu the promise that he will send down the Bull of Heaven to avenge her. The Bull descends, awesome to behold. With his first snort he downs a hundred warriors. But the two heroes tackle him. Enkidu takes hold of him by the tail, so that Gilgamesh as espada can come in between the horns for the kill. The artisans of the town admire the size of those horns: 'thirty pounds was their content of lapis lazuli'. (Lapis lazuli is the color sacred to Styx, as we have seen. In Mexico it is turquoise.) Ishtar appears on the walls of Uruk and curses the two heroes who have shamed her, but Enkidu tears out the right thigh of the Bull of Heaven and flings it in her face, amidst brutal taunts. It seems to be part of established procedure in those circles. Susanowo did the same to the sun-goddess Amaterasu, and so did Odin the Wild Hunter to the man who stymied him ...

On Easter Island, and at the time of rongorongo, the winter solstice occurred when the Sun reached ξ Orionis, 

Egyptian djed Phoenician sāmekh Greek xi Ξ (ξ) 

... In rongorongo times the last Greek lettered star in Orion (ξ) rose with the Sun in June 21. The letter seems to have originated from the Phoenician letter samekh (tent peg, supporting prop), which in turn may have been derived from the ancient Egytian djed column ...

corresponding to the time when the Full Moon was at μ Sagittarii - named the Foal by the Copts (according to Allen).

Te Kioe Uri (*81 - *93)
1 ngaoho 1 naunau. 1 uku koko 1 nehenehe 1 poporo.

Nahe. Ta.: Angiopteris erecta [maybe evecta?: 'Mule's-foot Fern']. Sa.: nase, the giant fern. Churchill. Bishop Jaussen: crustacé. Barthel. In Jamaica the species Angiopteris evecta ['Mule's-foot Fern'] is widely naturalized and is registered as an invasive species. The plant was introduced by Captain Bligh from Tahiti as a staple food for slaves and cultivated in the Castleton Gardens in 1860. From there it was able to distribute itself throughout the eastern half of the island. Wikipedia. ... I remember from somewhere in Heyerdahl's books that he considered it significant that neke-neke was a special word in the vocabulary of Easter Island, it meant 'walking without legs, walking by moving the weight this side and that slowly advancing forward'. He had discovered the word when he asked how the statues had been moved - they walked (neke-neke) was the answer ...

      

APRIL 11 12 4-13 → 14 * 29½ 4-14→ *41.4 (104) 15
Ga1-21 Ga1-22 Ga1-23 Ga1-24 Ga1-25
ο Aurigae (85.8), γ Leporis (85.9)

YANG MUN (α Lupi)

 μ Columbae, SAIPH (Sword) = κ Orionis (86.5), τ Aurigae, ζ Leporis (86.6) υ Aurigae (87.1), ν Aurigae (87.2), WEZN (Weight) = β Columbae, δ Leporis (87.7), TZE (Son) = λ Columbae (87.9)

Ardra-6 (The Moist One) / ANA-VARU-8 (Pillar to sit by)

χ¹ Orionis, ξ Aurigae (88.1), BETELGEUZE = α Orionis (88.3), ξ Columbae (88.5), σ Columbae (88.7)

η Leporis (89.0), PRAJA-PĀTI (Lord of Created Beings) = δ Aurigae, MENKALINAN (Shoulder of the Rein-holder) = β Aurigae, MAHASHIM (Wrist) = θ Aurigae, and γ Columbae (89.3), π Aurigae (89.4), η Columbae (89.7)

*48.0 = *89.4 - *41.4
June 14 (165) 15 16 17 (168) 18
°June 10 (161) 11 12 13 (164) 14
'May 18 (*58) 19 20 21 (141) 22
"May 4 (*44) 5 (136 = 125 + 12) Vaitu Potu 6 7 (127) 8
24 = 165 - 141 25 = 501 - 365 - 111 26 127 - 100 28

ALCYONE (*56)

31 BETELGEUZE (*88) 52 AL MINHAR AL ASAD (*141) 10 REGULUS (*152)

May 16 (501 = 80 + 56)

June 17 (168 = 80 + 88) Aug 9 (221 = 80 + *141) Aug 20 (232 = 91 + *141)

'April 19 (474 = 136 - 27)

'May 21 (141 = 168 - 27) 'July 13 (194 = 221 - 27) 'July 24 (205 = 232 - 27)

"April 5 (460 = 136 - 41)

"May 7 (127 = 168 - 41) "June 29 (180 = 221 - 41) "July 10 (191 = 232 - 41)

MARCH 13 (437 = 136 - 64)

APRIL 14 (104 = 168 - 64) JUNE 6 (157 = 221 - 64) JUNE 6 (157 = 221 - 64)
501 - 141 = 360 = 80 + *280 168 - 141 = 27 = 393 = 80 + *313 = 80 - 53 221 - 141 = 80 → *0 232 - 141 = 91 = 80 + *11

... The earliest depiction that has been linked to the constellation of Orion is a prehistoric (Aurignacian) mammoth ivory carving found in a cave in the Ach valley in Germany in 1979. Archaeologists have estimated it to have been fashioned approximately 32,000 to 38,000 years ago ... The artist cut, smoothed and carved one side (A) and finely notched the other side (B) and the edges. Side A contains the half-relief of an anthropoidal figure, either human or a human-feline hybrid, known as the 'adorant' because its arms are raised as if in an act of worship.

Egyptian jubilation Phoenician he Greek epsilon Ε (ε)

Wikipedia points at the Egyptian gesture with arms held high as a Sign of jubilation, which may have been the origin (via Phoenician he) of epsilon.

On side B together with the four edges is a series of notches that are clearly set in an intentional pattern. The edges contain a total of 39 notches in groups of 6, 13, 7 and 13. A further 49 notches on side B are arranged in four vertical lines of 13, 10, 12 and 13 respectively plus a further notch that could be in either of the middle two lines ... The grouping of the notches on the plate suggests a time-related sequence. The total number of notches (88) not only coincides with the number of days in 3 lunations (88.5) but also approximately with the number of days when the star Betelgeuse (α Ori) disappeared from view each year between its heliacal set (about 14 days before the spring equinox around 33,000 BP) and its heliacal rise (approximately 19 days before the summer solstice). Conversely, the nine-month period when Orion was visible in the sky approximately matched the duration of human pregnancy, and the timing of the heliacal rise in early summer would have facilitated a ‘rule of thumb’ whereby, by timing conception close to the reappearance of the constellation, it could be ensured that a birth would take place after the severe winter half-year, but leaving enough time for sufficient nutrition of the baby before the beginning of the next winter. There is a resemblance between the anthropoid on side A and the constellation Orion. None of these factors is convincing when taken in isolation, because of the high probability that apparently significant structural and numerical coincidences might have arisen fortuitously. However, taken together they suggest that the anthropoid represented an asterism equivalent to today’s constellation of Orion, and that the ivory plate as a whole related to a system of time reckoning linked to the moon and to human pregnancy. If so, then ethnographic comparisons would suggest that the Geißenklösterle culture related their ‘anthropoid’ asterism to perceived cycles of cosmic power and fertility ...

Te Kioe Uri (*81 - *93)  Te Piringa Aniva (*94 - *106)

... The cult place of Vinapu is located between the fifth and sixth segment of the dream voyage of Hau Maka. These segments, named 'Te Kioe Uri' (inland from Vinapu) and 'Te Piringa Aniva' (near Hanga Pau Kura) flank Vinapu from both the west and the east. The decoded meaning of the names 'the dark rat' (i.e., the island king as the recipient of gifts) and 'the gathering place of the island population' (for the purpose of presenting the island king with gifts) links them with the month 'Maro', which is June. Thus the last month of the Easter Island year is twice connected with Vinapu. Also, June is the month of summer solstice [a mistake: south of the equator it is winter solstice], which again points to the possibility that the Vinapu complex was used for astronomical purposes ...

1 kavakava atua 1 kohe. 1 nehenehe 1 pua 1 harahara 1 hua taru. 1 makere

Makere and Hata. were cock-roaches, and then followed Tuere Heu. and Tureme.

Hata. 1. Table, bureau. P Pau.: afata, a chest, box. Mgv.: avata, a box, case, trunk, coffin. Mq.: fata, hata, a piece of wood with several branches serving as a rack, space, to ramify, to branch; fataá, hataá, stage, step, shelf. Ta.: fata, scaffold, altar. 2. Hakahata, to disjoint; hakahatahata, to loosen, to stretch. P Pau.: vata, an interval, interstice. Mgv.: kohata, the space between two boards, to be badly joined; akakohata, to leave a space between two bodies badly joined; hakahata, to be large, broad, wide, spacious, far off. Mq.: hatahata, fatafata, having chinks, not tightly closed, disjointed. Ta.: fatafata, open. 3. Hatahata, calm, loose, prolix, vast. Mgv.: hatahara, broad, wide, spacious, at one's ease. Ta.: fatafata, free from care. Mq.: hatahata, empty, open. 4. Hatahata, tube, pipe, funnel. Churchill. Sa.: fata, a raised house in which to store yams, a shelf, a handbarrow, a bier, a litter, an altar, to carry on a litter; fatāmanu, a scaffold. To.: fata, a loft, a bier, a handbarrow, to carry on a bier; fataki, a platform. Fu.: fata, a barrow, a loft; fatataki, two sticks or canes attached to each other at each side of a house post to serve as a shelf. Niuē: fata, a cage, a handbarrow, a shelf, a stage, (sometimes) the upper story of a house. Uvea: fata, a barrow, a bier. Fotuna: fata, a stage. Ta.: fata, an altar, a scaffold, a piece of wood put up to hang baskets of food on; afata, a chest, a box, a coop, a raft, a scaffold. Pau.: fata, a heap; afata, a box, a chest. Ma.: whata, a platform or raised storehouse for food, an altar, to elevate, to support. Moriori: whata, a raft. Mq.: fata, hata, hataá, shelves. Rapanui: hata, a table. Ha.: haka, a ladder, an artificial henroost; alahaka, a ladder. Mg.: ata, a shelf; atamoa, a ladder; atarau, an altar. Mgv.: avata, a coffer, a box. Vi.: vata, a loft, a shelf; tāvata, a bier. The Samoan fata is a pair of light timbers pointed at the ends and tied across the center posts of the house, one in front, the other behind the line of posts; rolls of mats and bales of sennit may be laid across these timbers; baskets or reserved victuals may be hung on the ends. The litter and the barrow are two light poles with small slats lashed across at intervals. The Marquesan fata is a stout stem of a sapling with the stumps of several branches, a hat tree in shape, though found among a barehead folk. These illustrations are sufficient to show what is the common element in all these fata identifications, light cross-pieces spaced at intervals. With this for a primal signifaction it is easy to see how a ladder, a raft, a henroost, an altar come under the same stem for designation. Perhaps Samoan fatafata the breast obtains the name by reason of the ribs; it would be convincing were it not that the plumpness of most Samoans leaves the ribs a matter of anatomical inference. Churchill 2.

APRIL 16 (*26) 17 (472) 18 (*393) 19 20 (*30) 21 (111) 22
Ga1-26 Ga1-27 Ga1-28 Ga1-29 Ga1-30 Ga2-1 Ga2-2
μ Orionis (90.3), χ² Orionis (90.5)

6h (91.3 = 273.4 - 182.1)

ν Orionis (91.4), θ Columbae (91.5), π Columbae (91.6)

*50.0 = *91.4 - *41.4 = *232.0 - *172.0

ξ Orionis (92.5)

Al Han'ah-4 (Brand) / Maru-sha-pu-u-mash-mashu-7 (Front of the Mouth of the Twins)

TEJAT PRIOR = η Gemini (93.4), γ Monocerotis (93.5), κ Aurigae (93.6), κ Columbae (93.8)

*52.0 = *93.4 - *41.4

 FURUD = ζ Canis Majoris (94.9)

Well-22 (Tapir) / Arkū-sha-pu-u-mash-mashu-8 (Back of the Mouth of the Twins)

δ Columbae (95.2), TEJAT POSTERIOR = μ Gemini, MIRZAM (The Roarer) = β Canis Majoris (95.4), CANOPUS (Canopy) = α Carinae (95.6), ε Monocerotis (95.7), ψ1 Aurigae (95.9)

*54.0 = *95.4 - *41.4
no star listed (96)

... The Pythagoreans make Phaeton fall into Eridanus, burning part of its water, and glowing still at the time when the Argonauts passed by. Ovid stated that since the fall the Nile hides its sources. Rigveda 9.73.3 says that the Great Varuna has hidden the ocean. The Mahabharata tells in its own style why the 'heavenly Ganga' had to be brought down. At the end of the Golden Age (Krita Yuga) a class of Asura who had fought against the 'gods' hid themselves in the ocean where the gods could not reach them, and planned to overthrow the government. So the gods implored Agastya (Canopus, alpha Carinae = Eridu) for help. The great Rishi did as he was bidden, drank up the water of the ocean, and thus laid bare the enemies, who were then slain by the gods. But now, there was no ocean anymore! Implored by the gods to fill the sea again, the Holy One replied: 'That water in sooth hath been digested by me. Some other expedient, therefore, must be thought of by you, if ye desire to make endeavour to fill the ocean ...

June 19 (170) 20 (513 / 3) SOLSTICE 22 (*93) 23 (174) ST JOHN'S DAY 25
°June 15 (*86) 16 17 (168) 18 19 20 (*91) SOLSTICE
'May 23 (*63) 24 (12 * 12) 25 (145) 26 27 28 (*68) 29
9 (*49 = 7 * 7) "May 10 (130) Vaitu Potu 11 12 (*52) 12 (*418) 14 (*54) 15 (500)
29 = 170 - 141 130 - 100 31 32 33 34 35 = *55 - *20
CLOSE TO THE FULL MOON:
OCT 16 17 (290) 18 (*394 - *183)  19 (475 - 183) 20 21 (*214) 22 (295)
Ga8-6 (31 + 178) Ga8-7 (210) Ga8-8 Ga8-9 Ga8-10 Ga8-11 (214) Ga8-12

Winnowing Basket-7 (Leopard)

18h (273.4)

*232.0 = *273.4 - *41.4

NASH (Point) = γ Sagittarii (273.7), θ Arae (273.8)
ZHŌNGSHĀN = ο Herculis (274.0), π Pavonis (274.6)

ι Pavonis (275.1), POLIS = μ Sagittarii (275.9)

MENKAR (α Ceti)
η Sagittarii (276.9) Purva Ashadha-20 (Elephant Tusk, Fan, Winnowing Basket)

KAUS BOREALIS = λ Sagittarii (279.3)

KAUS MEDIUS = δ Sagittarii, κ Lyrae (277.5), TUNG HAE (Heavenly Eastern Sea) = η Serpentis (277.7), SHAOU PIH (Minor Minister) = φ Draconis (277.8), KWEI SHE = χ Draconis (277.9

φ Oct. (278.1), KAUS AUSTRALIS = ε Sagittarii (278.3), ξ Pavonis (278.4), AL  ATHFAR (The Talons of the Falling Eagle) = μ Lyrae (278.6)

*237.0 = *278.4 - *41.4

... As has already been mentioned, the Delphians worshipped Dionysus once a year as the new-born child, Liknites, 'the Child in the Harvest Basket', which was a shovel-shaped basket of rush and osier used as a harvest basket, a cradle, a manger, and a winnowing-fan for tossing the grain up into the air against the wind, to separate it from the chaff. The worship of the Divine Child was established in Minoan Crete, its most famous early home in Europe. In 1903, on the site of the temple of Dictaean Zeues - the Zeus who was yearly born in Rhea's cave at Dicte near Cnossos, where Pythagoras spent 'thrice nine hallowed days' [27] of his initiation - was found a Greek hymn which seems to preserve the original Minoan formula in which the gypsum-powdered, sword-dancing Curetes, or tutors, saluted the Child at his birthday feast. In it he is hailed as 'the Cronian one' who comes yearly to Dicte mounted on a sow and escorted by a spirit-throng, and begged for peace and plenty as a reward for their joyful leaps ...

Dec 19 (*273) 20 (354) SOLSTICE 22 23 (174 + 183) X-MAS EVE 25 (359)
°Dec 15 (*269) 16 (350) 17 18 19 20 (354) 21
'Nov 22 (*246) 23 24 (328) 25 26 (*250) 27 28 (332)
"Nov 8 9 10 (314) 11 12 (*236) 13 14
*273 - *141 *133 *134 *135 *236 - *100 *137 *138

The 'walking' ('Marching') giant fern nehenehe (nahe, neke-neke) was named twice in the list of 'things', having moved 4 right ascension days ahead from Betelgeuze to the 'tent pillar' at ξ Orionis (the solstice), the Club of Orion.

he huru o te me'e  [E:69]

Huru. Custom, tradition, behaviour, manners, situation, circumstances; poki huru hare, child who stays inside (to keep a fair complexion); te huru o te tagata rivariva, a fine person's behaviour; pehé te huru o Hiva? what is the situation on the mainland? Huruhuru, plumage, feathers (the short feathers, not the tail feathers), fleece of sheep. Vanaga. Samoa: sulu, a torch; to light by a torch; sulusulu, to carry a torch; susulu, to shine (used of the heavenly bodies and of fire). Futuna: susulu, the brightness of the moon. Tonga: huluaki, huluia, huluhulu, to light, to enlighten; fakahuhulu, to shine; iuhulu, a torch or flambeau, to light with a torch. Niuē: hulu, a torch; huhulu, to shine (as the moon). Maori: huru, the glow of the sun before rising, the glow of fire. Churchill 2.

1 he ngaatu a Oti.
1 tavari
1 riku
1 ngaoho
1 naunau.
1 uku koko
1 nehenehe
1 poporo.
1 kavakava atua
1 kohe.
1 nehenehe [sic!]
1 pua
1 harahara
1 hua taru.
1 makere
1 hata.
1 tuere heu.
1 tureme

The last of these 'things', Tureme, was when the Full Moon reached the right ascension line at Vega, the ancient star at the north pole.

There was no final dot at Tureme which possibly meant we should continue to read for one more right ascension day:

The glyph type beginning at "May 15 (365 + 155 = 500 days),

 ... A sidelight falls upon the notions connected with the stag by Horapollo's statement concerning the Egyptian writing of 'A long space of time: A Stag's horns grow out each year. A picture of them means a long space of time.'

Chairemon (hieroglyph no. 15, quoted by Tzetzes) made it shorter: 'eniautos: elaphos'. Louis Keimer, stressing the absence of stags in Egypt, pointed to the Oryx (Capra Nubiana) as the appropriate 'ersatz', whose head was, indeed, used for writing the word rnp = year, eventually in 'the Lord of the Year', a well-known title of Ptah. Rare as this modus of writing the word seems to have been - the Wörterbuch der Aegyptischen Sprache (eds. Erman and Grapow), vol. 2, pp. 429-33, does not even mention this variant - it is worth considering (as in every subject dealt with by Keimer), the more so as Chairemon continues his list by offering as number 16: 'eniautos: phoinix', i.e., a different span of time, the much-discussed 'Phoenix-period' (ca. 500 years) ...

... Gronw Pebyr, who figures as the lord of Penllyn - 'Lord of the Lake' - which was also the title of Tegid Voel, Cerridwen's husband, is really Llew's twin and tanist ... Gronw reigns during the second half of the year, after Llew's sacrificial murder; and the weary stag whom he kills and flays outside Llew's castle stands for Llew himself (a 'stag of seven fights'). This constant shift in symbolic values makes the allegory difficult for the prose-minded reader to follow, but to the poet who remembers the fate of the pastoral Hercules the sense is clear: after despatching Llew with the dart hurled at him from Bryn Kyvergyr, Gronw flays him, cuts him to pieces and distributes the pieces among his merry-men. The clue is given in the phrase 'baiting his dogs'. Math had similarly made a stag of his rival Gilvaethwy, earlier in the story. It seems likely that Llew's mediaeval successor, Red Robin Hood, was also once worshipped as a stag. His presence at the Abbot's Bromley Horn Dance would be difficult to account for otherwise, and stag's horn moss is sometimes called Robin Hood's Hatband. In May, the stag puts on his red summer coat. Llew visits the Castle of Arianrhod in a coracle of weed and sedge. The coracle is the same old harvest basket in which nearly every antique Sun-god makes his New Year voyage; and the virgin princess, his mother, is always waiting to greet him on the bank ...

was toga:

toga

Toga. 1. Winter season. Two seasons used to be distinguished in ancient times: hora, summer, and toga, winter. 2. To lean against somehing; to hold something fast; support, post supporting the roof. 3. To throw something with a sudden movement. 4. To feed oneself, to eat enough; e-toga koe ana oho ki te aga, eat well first when you go to work. Vanaga. 1. Winter. P Pau., Mgv.: toga, south. Mq.: tuatoka, east wind. Ta.: toa, south. 2. Column, prop; togatoga, prop, stay. Togariki, northeast wind. Churchill. Wooden platform for a dead chief: ka tuu i te toga (Bb8-42), when the wooden platform has been erected. Barthel 2. The expressions Tonga, Kona, Toa (Sam., Haw., Tah.), to indicate the quarter of an island or of the wind, between the south and west, and Tokelau, Toerau, Koolau (Sam., Haw., Tah.), to indicate the opposite directions from north to east - expressions universal throughout Polynesia, and but little modified by subsequent local circumstances - point strongly to a former habitat in lands where the regular monsoons prevailed. Etymologically 'Tonga', 'Kona', contracted from 'To-anga' or 'Ko-ana', signifies 'the setting', seil. of the sun. 'Toke-lau', of which the other forms are merely dialectical variations, signifies 'the cold, chilly sea'. Fornander.

And probably the reason the creators of Manuscript E here introduced a list of sugarcane species was togatoa:

Toa.1. Moa toa, cock. P Pau., Mgv., Mq., Ta.: toa, brave. Mq.: toa, male. (But Mgv.: toa, female.) 2. Sugarcane. T Pau., Mgv., Mq., Ta.: to, id. (To., Niuē: to, id. Sa., Fu.: tolo, id.) This form occurs only in Rapanui. In New Zealand, where the plant does not grow, the name is applied to any similar haulm. Churchill. Mgv.: Toa, ironwood. Ta.: toa, id. Mq.: toa, id. Sa.: toa, id. Ha.: koa, id. Churchill. Ta.: Toa, a gout of blood. Sa.: to'a, to coagulate. Toatoa, a bad smell of the sea. Sa.: to'ato'a, to smell bad. Churchill. T. Warrior, the tree aito (Casuarina). Henry. T. Toa, rock , coral. Churchill.

For close to the True Sherpherd of Anu (Orion) was a Rooster (Moa Toa), which we can find also in the Dendera ceiling.

Te Piringa Aniva (*94 - *106)
1 makere 1 hata. 1 tuere heu. 1 tureme     1 he rangi koro vao. 2 he tua mamari manu. 3 he tua manu auau

... Then Teke said to Oti, 'Go to the sugarcane plantation [ka oho ki roto ki te toa] and carefully break off [ka hahati] pieces of cane. Not one variety shall be left (i.e., shall be omitted) when the pieces of sugarcane are taken along.' Teke and Oti went with their assistants, entered into the sugarcane plantation, and broke off pieces everywhere. Teke said the names [he nape i te ingoa] of all the different varieties of sugarcane. [E:69-70]

he toa (sugarcane)
1 he rangi koro vao. a Teke. a Oti.
2 tua mamari manu.
3 tua manu auau
4 ruma.
5 tuitui koviro.
6 vitiviti.
7 marikuru.

... Toa  'Canne à sucre en fleur' (blooming sugar cane) is the explanation given by Bishop Jaussen (according to Barthel): Die in den Metorogesängen oft vorkommende Benennung der Zeichen 65 bzw. 66 als toa wurde von Jaussen auf das Zuckerrohr bezogen; eine Auffassung, die keine Stütze in den Tafeltexten findet.

Berücksichtigt man aber, daß die Metorogesänge phonetisch nicht immer ganz exakt niedergeschrieben wurden, so findet man eine sinnvolle Lösung, wenn man zwischen tôa und to'a underscheidet: Das erste Wort bedeutet Zuckerrohr, das zweite dagegen Feind, Mörder. Englert 1948, 503: 'caña de azucar' bzw. 'enemigo; asesino'. Ferner: he to'a o te îka, el que ha dado muerte a una persona' ...

toa

rau hei

... There are 12 Chinese types of year:

Rat

Ox

Tiger

Rabbit

Dragon

Snake

1

2

3

4

5

6

Horse

Goat

Monkey

Rooster

Dog

Pig

7

8

9

10

11

12

The first day of each Chinese year will always fall sometime between January 21 and February 21, inclusive. The traditional Chinese calendar is lunisolar, like the Hebrew calendar but unlike the Western (Gregorian) solar calendar or the Islamic lunar calendar ...

APRIL 22 23 24 (*35 = 115 - 80) 26 27 (118 = 4 * 29½)
Ga2-2 Ga2-3 Ga2-4 Ga2-5 (35) Ga2-6 Ga2-7 Ga2-8
CLOSE TO THE SUN:
no star listed (96) β Monocerotis, ν Gemini (97.0) no star listed (98)

ν Puppis (99.2), ψ3 Aurigae (99.4), ψ2 Aurigae (99.5)

*58.0 = *99.4 - *41.4

GEMMA (α Cor. Bor.)
ψ4 Aurigae (100.5), MEBSUTA (Outstretched)  = ε Gemini (100.7)

SIRIUS = α Canis Majoris (101.2), ψ5 Aurigae (101.4), ν Gemini (101.6), ψ6 Aurigae (101.7)

*60.0 = *101.4 - *41.4

τ Puppis (102.2), ψ7 Aurigae (102.4)

*61.0 = *102.4 - *41.4

... In other words, the ancient Druidic religion based on the oak-cult will be swept away by Christianity and the door - the god Llyr - will languish forgotten in the Castle of Arianrhod, the Corona Borealis. This helps us to understand the relationship at Rome of Janus and the White Goddess Cardea who is ... the Goddess of Hinges who came to Rome from Alba Longa. She was the hinge on which the year swung - the ancient Latin, not the Etruscan year - and her importance as such is recorded in the Latin adjective cardinalis - as we say in English 'of cardinal importance - which was also applied to the four main winds; for winds were considered as under the sole direction of the Great Goddess until Classical times ...

June 25 26 27 28 29 (180) 30 (*101) July 1
SOLSTICE °June 22 23 ST JOHN'S DAY 25 (*96) 26 (6 * 29½) 27
'May 29 30 31 'June 1 (*72) 2 3 (154) 4
"May 15 (500) 16 (136) 17 Vaitu Potu 18 19 20 21 (*61)
35 36 = 136 - 100 37 38 39 = 180 - 141 40 41
CLOSE TO THE FULL MOON:
OCT 22 (295) 23 24 25 26 27 (300) 28
Ga8-12 Ga8-13 (216) Ga8-14 Ga8-15 Ga8-16 Ga8-17 (220) Ga8-18
KAUS BOREALIS = λ Sagittarii (279.3)

ν Pavonis (280.4), κ Cor. Austr. (280.9)

*239.0 = *280.4 - *41.4

Abhijit-22 (Victorious)

θ Cor. Austr. (281.0), VEGA = α Lyrae (281.8)
no star listed (282)

ζ Pavonis (283.4), λ Cor. Austr. (283.6), DOUBLE DOUBLE = ε Lyrae (283.7), ζ Lyrae (283.8)

*242.0 = *283.4 - *41.4

South Dipper-8 (Unicorn)

Φ Sagittarii (284.0), μ Cor. Austr. (284.6), η Cor. Austr., θ Pavonis (284.8)
SHELIAK (Tortoise) = β Lyrae, ν Lyrae (285.1), ο Draconis (285.5). λ Pavonis (285.7)

ATLAS (27 Tauri)

Dec 25 Dec 26 (360) 27 28 29 30 (364) 31
SOLSTICE °Dec 22 23 24 25 26 (360) 27
'Nov 28 29 (360 - 27) 30 (*254) 'Dec 1 2 3 4
"Nov 14 15 (360 - 41) 16 (320) 17 18 (*242) 19 20 (*244)
*138 *139 *240 - *100 *282 - *141 *142 *143 *144

... 'Tell us a story!' said the March Hare. 'Yes, please do!' pleaded Alice. 'And be quick about it', added the Hatter, 'or you'll be asleep again before it's done.' 'Once upon a time there were three little sisters', the Dormouse began in a great hurry: 'and their names were Elsie, Lacie, and Tillie; and they lived at the bottom of a well — '

... The king arose from his sleeping mat and said to all the people: 'Let us go to Orongo so that I can announce my death!' The king climbed on the rock and gazed in the direction of Hiva, the direction in which he had travelled (across the ocean). The king said: 'Here I am and I am speaking for the last time.' The people (mahingo) listened as he spoke. The king called out to his guardian spirits (akuaku), Kuihi and Kuaha, in a loud voice: 'Let the voice of the rooster of Ariana (→ Arianrhod → Gemma, α Cor. Bor. → St John's Day) crow softly.

The stem with many roots (i.e., the king) is entering!' The king fell down, and Hotu A Matua died. Then all the people began to lament with loud voices. The royal child, Tuu Maheke, picked up the litter and lifted (the dead) unto it. Tuu Maheke put his hand to the right side of the litter, and together the four children of Matua picked up the litter and carried it. He and his people formed a line and went to Akahanga to bury (the dead) in Hare O Ava. For when he was still in full possession of his vital forces, A Matua had instructed Tuu Maheke, the royal child, that he wished to be buried in Hare O Ava. They picked him up, went on their way, and came to Akahanga. They buried him in Hare O Ava.

They dug a grave, dug it very deep, and lined it with stones (he paenga). When that was done, they lowered the dead into the grave. Tuu Maheke took it upon himself to cover the area where the head lay. Tuu Maheke said, 'Don't cover the head with coarse soil (oone hiohio)'. They finished the burial and sat down. Night came, midnight came, and Tuu Maheke said to his brother, the last-born: 'You go and sleep. It is up to me to watch over the father.' (He said) the same to the second, the third, and the last. When all had left, when all the brothers were asleep, Tuu Maheke came and cut off the head of Hotu A Matua. Then he covered everything with soil. He hid (the head), took it, and went up. When he was inland, he put (the head) down at Te Avaava Maea. Another day dawned, and the men saw a dense swarm of flies pour forth and spread out like a whirlwind (ure tiatia moana) until it disappeared into the sky. Tuu Maheke understood. He went up and took the head, which was already stinking in the hole in which it had been hidden. He took it and washed it with fresh water. When it was clean, he took it and hid it anew. Another day came, and again Tuu Maheke came and saw that it was completely dried out (pakapaka). He took it, went away, and washed it with fresh water until (the head) was completely clean. Then he took it and painted it yellow (he pua hai pua renga) and wound a strip of barkcloth (nua) around it. He took it and hid it in the hole of a stone that was exactly the size of the head. He put it there, closed up the stone (from the outside), and left it there. There it stayed.

The death of king Hotu was, however, not told in Manuscript E, it came from other sources (The Eighth Island, p. 218).

The close connection between Orion and the Rooster suggests the interpretation that the King here was equivalent to the World Tree at the time when it was in bloom, i.e. when the King became St John:

... With the male Leo turning into a female (Virgo)

there had to be an opposite transformation half a year later. This phenomenon could be the central theme in the Olmec view of the King (World Tree)

... I already knew that the ceiba tree was the model for the sacred World Tree of the Maya, but I had never seen one in flower when I knew what I was looking at. I was really excited because normally you can't see the blossoms even if you're there when the tree is in blossom. The fully mature trees are hundreds of feet high. and the blossoms are very small. 'It's a ceiba', I chirped and began looking for a branch low enough to see one of the blossoms up close. Joyce Livingstone, a retired teacher, did the logical thing. She bent over, picked up a fallen branch, and held it out for me to see. I was too excited and full of myself to listen. She tapped my arm more insistently and still I didn't hear her. Finally, in frustration, she grabbed my wrist and raised her voice. 'Will you look at these?' she said, waving the branch, and finally I did. What I saw stunned me, for in her hand lay a perfect replica of the earflares worn by the Classic Maya kings. Suddenly I understood the full symbolism of so many of the things I had been studying for years. The kings dressed themselves as the Wakah-Chan tree, although at the time I didn't know it was also the Milky Way ...

holding a Serpent divided in the center and then evidently stitched together again [Faka-taka].

... Midsummer is the flowering season of the oak, which is the tree of endurance and triumph, and like the ash is said to 'court the lightning flash'. Its roots are believed to extend as deep underground as its branches rise in the air - Virgil mentions this - which makes it emblematic of a god whose law runs both in Heaven and in the Underworld ...