next page previous page table of contents home

Today happens to be March 25 (2014) and in Sweden this was traditionally the day when spring arrived.

3-25 could mean 325 = 13 * 25. The old Roman calendar had 350 regular calendar nights, and 7 * 50 = 350. From 325 to 365 there are 40 nights.

Number 325 occurs as if it was a Sign in early calendar history:

... When Julius Caesar established his calendar in 45 BC he set March 25 as the spring equinox. Since a Julian year (365.25 days) is slightly longer than an actual year the calendar drifted with respect to the equinox, such that the equinox was occurring on about 21 March in AD 300 and by AD 1500 it had reached 11 March. This drift induced Pope Gregory XIII to create a modern Gregorian calendar. The Pope wanted to restore the edicts concerning the date of Easter of the Council of Nicaea of AD 325 ...

Maybe we need to consider such information when trying to understand the beginning of the Mamari text. The Arabic manzil π day corresponds to March 26:

Saad Al Saud 12 (310) 13
March 22 (81) 23
Ca1-1 Ca1-2
koia ki te hoea
Saad Al Akhbia 1 2 3 (314) 4 5
March 24 (448) 25 (84) March 26 27 28
Ca1-3 Ca1-4 Ca1-5 Ca1-6 Ca1-7
ki te henua te rima te hau tea haga i te mea ke  ki te henua - tagata honui te ika

As I observed earlier there apparently is a connection between 3-25 and 5-25:

Ga1-1 (*65) Ga1-2 Ga1-3 Ga1-4
  Ain, θ¹ Tauri, θ² Tauri (65.7)   Aldebaran (68.2), Theemin (68.5)
May 25 (5-25) 26 27 28
Sheratan 9 10 11 12

The latter number is also a historical year, it is said:

"When the calendar system of Anno Domini was first introduced by Dionysius Exiguus in AD 525, he assigned the beginning of the new year to March 25 since, according to Catholic theology, the era of grace began with the Incarnation of Christ." (Wikipedia)

Let's therefore begin with May 25:

Sheratan 9 10 11
May 25 26 27
Ca3-14 (65) Ca3-15 Ca3-16
tapamea - tagata hoi hatu ki te ariki kiore

Immediately we can identify this day with π. From March 25 to May 25 there are 145 - 84 = 61 days, which is promising because this number in 'underlined' in the H / P / Q texts.

From March 25 to December 25 there are 359 - 84 = 275 (= 11 * 25) days. If we then add 61 days we will reach day 359 + 61 = 420, which is February 24.

... The ordinary year in the previous Roman calendar consisted of 12 months, for a total of 355 days. In addition, a 27-day intercalary month, the Mensis Intercalaris, was sometimes inserted between February and March. This intercalary month was formed by inserting 22 days after the first 23 or 24 days of February; the last five days of February, which counted down toward the start of March, became the last five days of Intercalaris. The net effect was to add 22 or 23 days to the year, forming an intercalary year of 377 or 378 days ...

I think we should understand tapa-mea as the 'red cloth' of birth, which necessarily must be balanced by the black cloth of death:

... When the man, Ulu, returned to his wife from his visit to the temple at Puueo, he said, 'I have heard the voice of the noble Mo'o, and he has told me that tonight, as soon as darkness draws over the sea and the fires of the volcano goddess, Pele, light the clouds over the crater of Mount Kilauea, the black cloth will cover my head. And when the breath has gone from my body and my spirit has departed to the realms of the dead, you are to bury my head carefully near our spring of running water. Plant my heart and entrails near the door of the house. My feet, legs, and arms, hide in the same manner. Then lie down upon the couch where the two of us have reposed so often, listen carefully throughout the night, and do not go forth before the sun has reddened the morning sky ...

Tapa

1. Side, corner, edge; he-hakarere a te tapa, to leave aside, to abandon; a te tapa mata'u o te haga, on the right-hand side of the bay. 2. Tapa mahute, piece of mahute material; this term is very common nowadays, but it seems probable that it was borrowed from the Tahitian in replacement of parehe mahute. 3. To recount the years, the months; to recount happenings of many years ago, in verses called manu, in which a murderer confided his crime to his victim's relatives; the murderer himself asked a brother or a friend to compose those verses: e tapa koe itooku manu, compose my manu. The expression tapa ite manu was also used of a group of people expressing the desire to kill someone. 4. Tagata tapa ta'u, according to traditions, this term referred to the scribes who recorded births on the tablets. Vanaga.

1. Border, fringe, edge, groin, cloth, clothing, dress, garment. Tatapa, lateral, bank. Tapatapa, edge. P Mgv.: tapa, the edge of the bast cloth, bast cloth in general. Mq.: tapa, fringe, cloth. 2. To name, to mention, to count, to calculate, to reckon, to number, to figure up, to recapitulate; tapa ki te igoa, to take a census; tapa igoa, list. Tatapa, to count, to number, to reckon. Tapatapa, to mention. P Mgv.: tapa, to give a pet name. Mq.: tapatapa, to recite, to invoke; tatapa, to take the name of some one, to announce by name. Ta.: tapa, to call by name. Churchill.

Mq.: Tapaau, coconut leaf plaited to serve as a mat. Sa: tapa'au, a coarse coconut leaf mat. Tapatai, a dweller on the strand. Ma.: tapatai, beach. Churchill.

"Kapa¹, adj. Haw., rustling, rattling; s. cloth made of bark, cloth of any kind.

Sam.: tapa, to beckon with the hand, to deman; s. the white border of a siapo; tapa-au, mat made of cocoa-nut leaf. Tong., tapa, id.; kapa-kapa, to flap with a noise as wings of birds.

Marqu., tapa, bark cloth. Tah., tapa-ie, envelop in leaves; apa, the lining of a garment; apa-a, thick cloth made by men, not by the women; 'apa'apa, to flap as sail or the wings of a bird.

Fiji., kava, a roll of sinnet; kaba, to climb. Motu (N. Guinea), kava, bark girdle for men. Biaju, tepoh, a mat. Salayer (Celebes), tupur, id. Malag., komba, a monkey. Kawi, kapala, a horse.

Sanskr., kamp, to move to and fro, to tremble; chapala ('i.e., kampa-ala', Benfey), trembling, unsteady, giddy; châpala, quickness; kapi ('i.e., kamp-i', Benfey), a monkey. Perhaps kambala, a wollen blanket.

Greek, καμπη, bending, winding, as a river, turn, trick, sudden change. A. Pictet (Orig. Ind.-Eur., i. 347-348) derives the Greek καβαλλης, a nag, and other kindred West Aryan forms for horse and its varieties, as well as καπρος, a wild boar, and caper, a buck, from the Kawi or obselete Sanskrit application of the original sense, 'to tremble, rustle, flap', found in the Sanskrit kap, kamp, and the Polynesian kapa, tapa. 

Kapa², s. Haw., a bank, shore, side, as of a river, lake, wood, or the like. Rarot., tapa, id. Tah., apa'apa, one side of a thing when divided, the side of a house.

Sam., tafa, the side of a hill; v. to turn on one side; tafa-fa, four-sided; tafatafa, the side; tafa-tasi, one-sided; tafa-to, perpendicular, steep as seen from above; tafa-tu, id., as seen from below.

Marqu., tapa-hai, coral; kapa-i, on the side of the sea. Fiji., taba, wing, shoulder, branch, one side. Malg., taf, tafo, the roof of a house; tambon, above.

Welsh, tab, tav, an extended surface, a spread; tob, top, top, crest; cop, summit. Irish, capat, head. Armor., kab, id. Lat., tabula, board, plank, table; caput, head.

Sanskr., kapala, skull, head, either half of an egg; kapola, cheek, the temples of the head. Pers., kabah, elevation, eminence; tabrak, tabûk, table, flat. Greek, κεφαλη, head, top, upper end. Goth., haubith, head. Sax., heafod, id.; hafala, hafula, head, casque. Anc. Germ., haupit, head; hufela, the temples. Germ., kopf, head.

A. Pictet (loc. cit., ii. 273) refers the Persian tabrak and the Latin tabula to Sanskrit sthâ, or perhaps stabh, tabula, for stabula, and (i. 308) he says, speaking of the Sanskrit kapala, and its West Aryan relations: - 'J'y trouve un composé de pâla, protecteur, avec l'interrogatif ka, dans le sense laudatif. Quel (bon) protecteur! on ne saurait mieux caractériser le rôle naturel du crâne. Or kapât et kapâ ou kapa auraient la même signification; car pât, , pa, à la fin des composés, sont synonymes de pâla, et dérivent également de la racine , tueri.'

Under correction, the 'quel bon protecteur' of Mr. Pictet appears to me a singular and fatal misnomer of the most prominent and most exposed part of the body. The original meaning of the Polynesian word was probably something raised, spread out, obtruding, projecting, beyond or above the common level of things. Hence such compound words in the Polynesian as kapa-au, Haw., the raised place of the Heiau (temple), where the image of the god stood and offerings were laid; 'apa-'au, Sam., a wing; 'apa-'apa, the fin of a fish; apa-ta, to clap the wings.

The West Aryan forms: Lat., cap-ut, cap-pilus (capillus); the Irish cap-at, alongside of ceap and cap; the double forms in the Goth. and Sax., hau-ith, heaf-od, and hafa-la, hofu-la, seem to indicate a different composition and root for themselves, as well as the Sanskrit and Greek, than what Mr. Pictet offers. And the probably primary sense of 'elevation, eminence', in the root-word has survived in the Persian kabah, the Armorian kab, the Welsh tob or top." (Fornander)