next page previous page table of contents home

The pivotal points of the equinoxes and the solstices had moved ahead with *32 precessional days since Roman times. And it was primarily not Arcturus but Syrma (ι at the train of Virgo's garment) which had marked the balance between summer and winter, at least according to the Arabs:

    Delta δ Andromedae 8.4 March 29 (88)
1 Al Sharatain Pair of Signs β Arietis (Sheratan), γ (Mesarthim) 27.4 April 17 (107)
2 Al Dabarān Follower α Tauri (Aldebaran), θ¹, θ²´, γ (Hyadum I), δ (Hyadum II), ε (Ain) 63.4 May 23 (143)
3 Al Hak'ah White Spot λ Orionis (Heka), φ¹, φ² 83.4 June 12 (163)
4 Al Han'ah Brand γ Gemini (Alhena), μ (Tejat Posterior), ν, η (Tejat Prior), ξ (Alzirr) 93.4 June 22 (173)
5 Al Dhirā' Forearm α Gemini (Castor), β (Pollux) 113.4 July 12 (193)
6 Al Nathrah Gap ε Cancri (Beehive) 130.4 July 29 (210)
7 Al Tarf End ξ Cancri, λ Leonis (Alterf) 143.4 Aug 11 (223)
8 Al Jabhah Forehead η Leonis (Al Jabhah), α (Regulus), ζ (Adhafera), γ (Algieba) 152.4 Aug 20 (232)
9 Al Zubrah Mane δ Leonis (Zosma), θ (Coxa) 169.4 Sept 6 (249)
10 Al Sarfah Turn β Leonis (Denebola) 178.3 Sept 15 (258)
11 Al Áwwā' Barker β (Alaraph), η (Zaniah), γ (Porrima), δ (Minelauva), ε Virginis (Vindemiatrix) 191.5 Sept 28 (271)
12 Al Simāk Lofty α Virginis (Spica) 202.7 Oct 10 (283)
13 Al Ghafr Covering ι (Syrma), κ, φ Virginis 215.6 Oct 23 (296)
*AUGUST 14 (*146 = 2 / 5 * 365) 15 (227) 16
'September 24 (84 + 183) 25 (268) 26
October 21 (*214 = *146 + *68) 22 (295 = 227 + 68) 23
Neck-2 (Dragon)

ASELLUS TERTIUS = κ Bootis, κ VIRGINIS, 14 Bootis (214.8)

Al Ghafr-13 / Svāti-15 / TAHUA-TAATA-METUA-TE-TUPU-MAVAE-6 (a pillar to stand by)

15 Bootis (215.2), ARCTURUS = α Bootis (215.4), ASELLUS SECUNDUS = ι Bootis (215.5), SYRMA (Garment's Train) = ι Virginis, λ Bootis (215.6), η Apodis (215.8)

ι Lupi, 18 Bootis (216.3), KHAMBALIA (Crooked-clawed) = λ Virginis (216.4), υ Virginis (216.5), ψ Centauri (216.6), ε Apodis (216.8)
Cb1-5 Cb1-6 (398) Cb1-7
rutua te pahu rutua te maeva
η Arietis (31.9) ξ¹ Ceti (32.1) θ Arietis (33.3), MIRA = ο Ceti (33.7)
*FEBRUARY 12 (408 = 365 + 43) 13 (*330 = *147 + *183) 2-14 (45 = 31 + 14)
'March 24 Julian equinox 26
April 21 (111 = 43 + 68) 22 (*32 = *215 - *183) 23

*AUGUST 17 (229) 18 (*150) 19
'September 27 28 (*191 = *218 - *27) 29 (272 = 2 * 136)
October 24 25 (*218 = *150 + *68) 26 (299)
ASELLUS PRIMUS = θ Bootis (217.8) τ Lupi, δ Oct. (218.1), φ Virginis (218.7)

FOMALHAUT (α Piscis Austrini)

σ Lupi (219.1), ρ Bootis (219.5), HARIS = γ Bootis (219.7)
Cb1-8 (400) Cb1-9 Cb1-10
atua rerorero atua hiko ura hiko o tea
no star listed (34) ξ Arietis (35.0), ρ Ceti (35.4), ξ² Ceti (35.9) σ Ceti (36.9)
*FEBRUARY 15 16 (*333 =*150 + *183) 17 (48)
'March 27 28 (88 = 115 - 27) 29
April 24 25 (115) 26 (*36)
*AUGUST 20 (232 = 8 * 29)
'September 30 (*193)
October 27 (300 = 232 + 68)
σ Bootis (220.2), η Centauri (220.4)
Cb1-11 (403)
ka higa te ao ko te henua ra ma te hoi atua
ν Ceti (37.9)
*FEBRUARY 18 (49 = 7 * 7)
'March 30 (90 = 49 + 41)
April 27 (300 - 183 = 117)

The bird in Cb1-11 has like the Moan bird closed his mouth, he is silent. In Roman times he could have been at a cardinal point between summer and winter. At the time of rongorongo he was at day 300 (October 27).

1 Pop 2 Uo 3 Zip 4 Zotz (80)
5 Tzek 6 Xul 7 Yaxkin 8 Mol (160)
9 Ch'en 10 Yax 11 Sac 12 Ceh (240)
200
13 Mac 14 Kankin 15 Moan (300)
BREAK (paxih)
16 Pax 17 Kayab 18 Cumhu 19 Vayeb (365)

... The third bird in Madrid is identified as a king vulture by Tozzer and Allen (1910) and as a crow by Villacorta (Villacorta and Villacorta 1930). Seler (1909, IV, 556) has also identified this bird as a vulture.

However, the probable identifying glyph looks like yax. Quiche raxon (from *yax-) is 'blue dove', or a gray bird with blue wings.

The fourth bird is very interesting, as the glyger which should correspond to its name is identical with that of the dog (see below). The bird is identified as an owl by Seeler (1902-1923, IV, 612) and as a 'Yucatan screech owl or Moan-bird' by Tozzer and Allen (1910). However, the muan bird is found as the eighth bird of this series, and this bird lacks the typical spotted tail of the muan bird. Villacorta calls it a paujil ('guan'), one of the Cracidae.

Seler and Villacorta both identify the fifth bird as an eagle; the glyph is like that of the black vulture of D17b, which Seler also identifies as an eagle, but it lacks an infix in the mouth which the latter has. Perhaps the Mayas, like the Aztecs, classed eagles and vultures together.

The sixth bird of Madrid is an owl, identified by Seler as the muan bird, but by Tozzer and Allen as an icim owl. The first glyger above is apparently that of the owl, although Bartel thinks the second glyph [the one at top right] is that of the owl. He draws attention to the use of this glyger in connection with the muan owls of D7c and D10a (personal communication), but I believe that the true glyph of the muan owl proper in these cases is one which might be read 'Thirteen Heaven' - it is worth noting that the number thirteen is prefixed to the muan bird's head as part of its glyph on D16c.The first glyger in Madrid begins with Landa's i.

The seventh bird is a turkey, but the name glyph, if present, is completely different from the one in Dresden or elsewhere in Madrid.

The final bird is the muan owl, here called only by a title that was normally applied to God D ...