next page previous page home

85. Once again. Hotu A Matua left his old homeland in Hora Nui 2 which I have guessed meant °September 2 (245), at the same time as when on Easter Island the Explorers in Anakena 27 = "July 27 (208 = 245 - 37) reached Oromanga. If it was possible to move in timespace then it should also be possible to have different dates simultaneously.

... Space and time are a single, related concept in Runasimi [the language of the Inca people], represented by one word, pacha, which can also mean 'world' and 'universe'. The image of time familiar to Waman Puma was static and spatial: one could travel in time as one travels over earth - the structure, the geography, remaining unchanged. To him it does not matter that he shows Inka Wayna Qhapaq, who died in 1525, talking to Spaniards who did not arrive until 1532. Wayna Qhapaq was the last Inca to rule an undivided empire: he is therefore the archetype, and it must be he who asks the Spaniards. 'Do you eat gold?'

... Hotu's canoe sailed from Maori to Te Pito O Te Kainga. It sailed on the second day of September (hora nui). The canoe of the king (ariki is used here incorrectly for tapairu 'queen'), of Ava Rei Pua, also sailed on the other side. They had attached the canoe of Ava Rei Pua to the middle of the canoe of Hotu ...

Hau Epa

JULY 2

Hanga Moria One

3 (184)

Oromanga

4 (*105)

Ga4-20 (187 - 84) Ga4-21 (104 = 288 - 184) Ga4-22
11h (167.4)

χ Leonis, χ¹ Hydrae (167.1), χ² Hydrae (167.3)

AL SHARAS (Rib) = β Crateris (168.6) Al Zubrah (Mane)-9 / Purva Phalguni-11

ZOSMA (Girdle) = δ Leonis (169.2), COXA (Hips) = θ Leonis (169.4)

September 4 5 (*168 = 2 * 84) 6
°August 31 °September 1 (244) Hora Nui 2 (245 = 208 + 37)
'August 8 (*140) 9 10 (222)
"July 25 (*126) 26 Anakena 27 (208)
NAKSHATRA DATES:
JANUARY 1 (366) 2 3 (*288)
23h (350.0)

υ, θ Gruis (350.0), π Cephei (350.6), ι Gruis (350.9)

SIMMAH = γ Piscium (351.7) φ Aquarii (352.0), ψ Aquarii (352.4), χ Aquarii (352.6), γ Tucanae, φ Gruis (352.8)
March 6 (*350) 7 (66) 8 (432)
°March 2 (*346) 3 4 (63)
'February 7 8 (*324) 9 (40)
"January 24 25 (*310) 26

The Fig Tree where Raven was delayed could have referred to the place of Zosma and Coxa (Cb6-27 respectively Ga4-22), where the sex of Atea changed from female to male:

... Atea then became the wife of Rua-tupua-nui, Source of Great Growth, and they became the parents of all the celestial beings, first the shooting stars, then the Moon and the Sun, next the comets, then the multitude of stars and constellations, and finally the bright and dark nebulae. When this tremendous task had been accomplished Atea took a third husband, Fa'a-hotu, Make Fruitful. Then occurred a curious event. Whether Atea had wearied of bringing forth offspring we are not told, but certain it is that Atea and her husband Fa'a-hotu exchanged sexes. Then the eyes of Atea glanced down at those of his wife Hotu and they begat Ru. It was this Ru who explored the whole earth and divided it into north, south, east, and west ...

Mori

Oil; mori eoeo, pomade. Pau.: mori, oil for burning. Mgv.: mori, candle, taper, wax. Mq.: moi, coconut. Ta.: mori, oil, lamp. Churchill. Pau.: Ha-morihaga, pious. Mgv.: morimori, to consecrate. Ta.: moria, prayer. Ma.: morina, to remove tabu. Churchill. Mgv.: Moriga, a minor festival. Ta.: moria, offering after recovery from illness. Ma.: morina, to remove the crop tabu. Churchill.

Molia, v. Haw., to devote, to give up to good or bad, to bless or to curse, according to the prayer of the priest, to pray for, be sanctified, to worship, sacrifice, to curse. 'Molia mai e ola', to bless him, let him live; 'Molia mai e make', curse him, let him die. Tah., moria, name of a religious ceremony after restoration from sickness; mori-mori, prayer at do. Sam., molia-molia, be disappointed, deceived. Marqu., moi; Fiji., moli, thanks. Sunda., mulija; Mal., mulieja, dignified, illustrious. Anc. Slav., moliti, to pray; moliva, prayer. Pol., modlie, to pray; modla, prayer. Lith., malda, prayer. Irish, molaim, to praise; moladh, praise. Welsh, mali, to adore; mawl, molud, praise. A. Pictet (Orig. Ind.-Eur., ii. 701) refers the above West Aryan forms to the 'Sanskrit mad, petere, rogare, in Vedic (Westerz), prop. exhilare', though Benfey (Sansk. Dict.) says that the original meaning of mad was 'to be wet', and that in the Vedas it means 'to get drunk'.

... But the time of his predestined defeat by the dark brother, Tezcatlipoca, was ever approaching, and, knowing perfectly the rhythm of his own destiny, Quetzalcoatl would make no move to stay it. Tezcatlipoca, therefore, said to his attendants, 'We shall give him a drink to dull his reason and show him his own face in a mirror; then, surely, he will be lost'. And he said to the servants of the good king, 'Go tell your master that I have come to show him his own flesh!' But when the message was brought to Quetzalcoatl, the aging monarch said, 'What does he call my own flesh? Go and ask!' And when the other was admitted to his presence: 'What is this, my flesh, that you would show me?' Tezcatlipoca answered, 'My Lord and Priest, look now at your flesh; know yourself; see yourself as you are seen by others!' And he presented the mirror. Whereupon, seeing his own face in that mirror, Quetzalcoatl immediately cried out, 'How is it possible that my subjects should look upon me without fright? Well might they flee from before me. For how can a man remain among them when he is filled as I am with foul sores, his old face wrinkled and of an aspect so loathsome? I shall be seen no more, I shall no longer terrify my people'. Presented the drink to quaff, he refused it, saying that he was ill; but urged to taste it from the tip of his finger, he did so and was immediately overpowered by its magic. He lifted the bowl and was drunk. He sent for Quetzalpetlatl, his sister, who dwelt on the Mountain Nonoalco. She came, and her brother gave her the bowl, so that she too was drunk. And with all reason forgotten, the two that night neither said prayers nor went to the bath, but sank asleep together on the floor. And in the morning Quetzalcoatl said, in shame, 'I have sinned; the stain of my name cannot be erased. I am not fit to rule this people. Let them build a habitation for me deep under the ground; let them bury my bright treasures in the earth; let them throw the glowing gold and shining stones into the Precious Waters where I take my nightly bath. And all this was done. The king remained four days in his underground tomb, and when he came forth he wept and told his people that the time had come for his departure to the Red Land, the Dark Land, the Land of Fire ...

And Pictet considers the l in the Anc. Slav. and Irish and Welsh as an exchange for an original d or dl as preserved in the Polish. We have no remains of Ancient Polish with which to compare the Ancient Slave or the Irish and Welsh; and I think, therefore, that the Polynesian offers a simpler and a better reference. In Haug's 'Essays on the Sacred Songs of the Parsis', p. 175, n. 2, he states that 'for blessing and cursing one and the same word is used' in the Avesta - âfrênâmî - which thus corresponded to the old Hebrew word berek, 'to give a blessing and to curse'. It strengthens the West Aryan connections shown above of the Polynesian molia to find that the ancient Iranians also used a word expressing the same double sense. (Fornander)

One

One, sand. Oneone (reduplication of oone which see below), dirty, covered in soil, in mud. Vanaga. Oone, ground, soil; mud; dirty, to get dirty. Vanaga. One, sword. (Cf. oe, dorsal fin; àè, sword.) Ta.: óé, sword, lance. Churchill. Oone, sand, clay, dirt, soil, mire, mud, muck, gravel, filth, manure, dust, to dirty; ao oone, shovel; egu oone vehuvehu, mud; moo te oone, shovel; oone hekaheka, mud; puo ei oone, to daub; kerihaga oone, husbandman; oone veriveri, mud; oone no, muck, to dirty, to powder; vai oone, roiled water; oone rari, marsh, swamp; oonea, dirty T; ooneoone, sandy; oonevai, clay T; hakaoone, to pollute, to soil. P Mgv.: one, land in general, earth, soil. Mq.: one, sand, beach. Ta.: one, sand, dust, gravel. Churchill.

Miro-oone, model boat made of earth in which the 'boat festivals' used to be celebrated. Vanaga. ... on the first day of the year the natives dress in navy uniforms and performs exercises which imitate the maneuvers of ships' crews ... Métraux.

The Explorers had one frame of time and the King another. However, the star distance from χ Leonis (together with χ¹ and χ² Hydrae) to Antares was the same, viz. 187 - 103 = 84 as in the number for the Julian equinox. And 4 * 20 = 80 as in the day number for the Gregorian equinox and for 0h:

JULY 2 (183) 266 - 183 = 83 SEPTEMBER 24 (267 = 183 + 84)
Ga4-20 (187 - 84) Ga7-18 (187)
χ Leonis (*167) (*251 = *167 + 84)
CLOSE TO THE FULL MOON:
23h (350.0 = *167 + *183) 433 - 350 = 83 ALDEBARAN (*434 = *366 + *68)
JANUARY 1 (366) 449 - 366 = 83 MARCH 25 (450 = 366 + 84)

Probably the idea was to apply the northern calendar structure also for the situation south of the equator. Once upon a time Aldebaran would have risen with the Sun at the Julian day for spring equinox, and also south of the equator spring equinox should then have come after 84 days. At the time of Hyadum II the date for χ Leonis at the Full Moon would have been JANUARY 1 and at that ancient time Hotu A Matua should have left his old homeland when the Full Moon was 288 (= 2 * 144) days after 0h (viz. in day 185 = 370 / 2, in JULY 4).

At the time of Gregory XIII, 64 - 4 = 60 precessional days later, the Full Moon had been at χ Aquarii 288 + 60 = 348 (= 12 * 29) days after 0h (a number which coincides with the number of glyphs on side b on the C tablet).

Egyptian sticks Phoenician taw Greek chi Χ (χ)
Greek tau Τ (τ)

In Plato's Timaeus, it is explained that the two bands that form the soul of the world cross each other like the letter Χ.

Chi or X is often used to abbreviate the name Christ, as in the holiday Christmas (Xmas). When fused within a single typespace with the Greek letter Rho, it is called the labarum and used to represent the person of Jesus Christ. (Wikipedia)

... tau is the 19th letter of the Greek alphabet. In the system of Greek numerals it has a value of 300 ... Taw is believed to be derived from the Egyptian hieroglyph meaning 'mark' ...

Taw, Tav or Taf is the twenty-second and last letter in many Semitic abjads ... In gematria Tav represents the number 400, the largest single number that can be represented without using the Sophit forms ...

'From Aleph to Taf' describes something from beginning to end; the Hebrew equivalent of the English 'From A to Z' ...

Tav is the last letter of the Hebrew word emet, which means truth. The midrash explains that emet is made up of the first, middle, and last letters of the Hebrew alphabet (Aleph, Mem, and Tav...). Sheqer (falsehood), on the other hand, is made up of the 19th, 20th, and 21st (and penultimate) letters.

Thus, truth is all-encompassing, while falsehood is narrow and deceiving. In Jewish mythology it was the word emet that was carved into the head of the Golem which ultimately gave it life. But when the letter 'aleph' was erased from the Golem's forehead, what was left was 'met' - dead. And so the Golem died ... (Wikipedia)

 

They had attached the canoe of Ava Rei Pua to the middle of the canoe of Hotu - this we can imagine from the design of Ga4-20:

... low down among the other stones in the wall of Ahu Naunau in Anakena [they] found a crowned head broken off at the neck, and clearly it was from a stone statue which headless earlier had been brought to Norway. For the Easter Islanders the immediate response to the new discovery was La Reina! - it just had to be their ancient queen Avareipua. Old people cried emotionally ...

The Egyptian X had Sirius at its center, but with Sirius moving hand in hand with the precession of the Sun we should count 64 days ahead from June 30 (*101) in order to arrive close to χ Leonis, where Sirius would have been at the time of Hyadum II. Or to be more precise: *101 + 64 = *165 (Alkes) and June 30 (181) + 64 = 181 (JUNE 30):

ST JOHN'S DAY   JUNE 25 26 (177) 27
Ga4-12 (95) Ga4-13 Ga4-14 Ga4-15
p Carinae (159.3) φ Hydrae (160.3) no star listed (161) VATHORZ POSTERIOR = θ Carinae (162.1), PEREGRINI = μ Velorum, η Carinae (162.6)
August 27 28 (240) 29 (*161) 30
°August 23 24 (236) 25 (*157) 26
'July 31 'August 1 2 (214) 3 (*500)
"July 17

One Tea

Anakena 18

Poike

19 (200)

Pua Katiki

20 (*121)

Maunga Teatea

HANGA TAKAURE HANGA HOONU
NAKSHATRA DATES:
CHRISTMAS EVE   DECEMBER 25 26 (360) 27
η Aquarii (342.1), σ Gruis (340.4), SITULA = κ Aquarii (342.7) ε Piscis Austrini (343.5), ο Pegasi, β Gruis (343.8) ρ Gruis (344.0), MATAR (Rain) = η Pegasi (344.2), η Gruis (344.6), β Oct. (344.7) λ Pegasi (345.0), ξ Pegasi (345.1), ε Gruis (345.3), τ Aquarii (345.7), ξ Oct. (345.8), μ Pegasi (345.9)
February 26 27 (58) 28 (424) March 1 (*345)
°February 22 TERMINALIA 24 (55) 25
'January 30 (*315) 31 'February 1 (32) 2
"January 16 (*301) 17 18 (383) 19

On the eighteenth day of the month of July ('Anakena') they went on from Hanga Takaure.

JUNE 28 29 (180 = 244 - 64)   SIRIUS JULY 1 (*102)
Ga4-16 Ga4-17 (100 = 180 - 80) Ga4-18 (101 = *165 - 64) Ga4-19
ν Hydrae (163.1) no star listed (164) Wings-27

η Oct. (165.4), ALKES = α Crateris (165.6)

ANA-TIPU-4 (Upper-side-pillar - where the guards stood)

MERAK = β Ursae Majoris (166.2), DUBHE = α Ursae Majoris (166.7)

August 31 September 1 (*164) 2 3 (246)
°August 27 28 29 (*161) 30 (242)
'August 4 (216) 5 (*137) 6 7
"July 21

Mahatua

22 / 7

Taharoa

Anakena 23 (204)

RANGI MEAMEA

24 (*125)

Peke Tau O Hiti

OROMANGA

HANGA HOONU
NAKSHATRA DATES:
DECEMBER 28 29   30 (364) 31 (*285)
ι Cephei (346.0), λ Aquarii, γ Piscis Austrini, σ Pegasi (346.5) SCHEAT AQUARII =  δ Aquarii (347.0), ρ Pegasi (347.2), δ Piscis Austrini (347.4), FOMALHAUT = α Piscis Austrini, τ Gruis (347.8) FUM AL SAMAKAH = β Piscium (348.3), ζ Gruis (348.5), ο Andromedae (348.9) Al Fargh al Mukdim-24 / Purva Bhādrapadā-26 / House-13

SCHEAT PEGASI = β Pegasi, π Piscis Austrini (349.3), κ Gruis (349.4), MARKAB PEGASI = α Pegasi (349.5)

March 2 3 4 (*348) 5 (64)
°February 26 27 28 (*344) °March 1 (60)
'February 3 4 5 (*321) 6 (37)
"January 20 21 22 23 (388)

... Strassmeier and Epping, in their Astronomishes aus Babylon, say that there its stars formed the third of the twenty-eight ecliptic constellations, - Arku-sha-rishu-ku, literally the Back of the Head of Ku, - which had been established along that great circle milleniums before our era; and Lenormant quotes, as an individual title from cuneiform inscriptions, Dil-kar, the Proclaimer of Dawn, that Jensen reads As-kar, and others Dil-gan, the Messenger of Light. George Smith inferred from the tablets that it might be the Star of the Flocks; while other Euphratean names have been Lu-lim, or Lu-nit, the Ram's Eye; and Si-mal or Si-mul, the Horn star, which came down even to late astrology as the Ram's Horn. It also was Anuv, and had its constellation's titles I-ku and I-ku-u, - by abbreviation Ku, - the Prince, or the Leading One, the Ram that led the heavenly flock, some of íts titles at a different date being applied to Capella of Auriga.

Brown associates it with Aloros, the first of the ten mythical kings of Akkad anterior to the Deluge, the duration of whose reigns proportionately coincided with the distances apart of the ten chief ecliptic stars beginning with Hamal, and he deduces from this kingly title the Assyrian Ailuv, and hence the Hebrew Ayil; the other stars corresponding to the other mythical kings being Alcyone, Aldebaran, Pollux, Regulus, Spica, Antares, Algenib, Deneb Algedi, and Scheat ...

They climbed uphill, went on, and reached Poike. When they arrived, they looked around and named (the place) Poike A Hau Maka. They climbed up farther to Pua Katiki. When they arrived there, they looked around and named (the place) Pua Katiki A Hau Maka. They came down from the height, from the mountain, from Pua Katiki, and reached Maunga Teatea. They looked around and gave the name Maunga Teatea A Hau Maka. They all descended, they all came down from Pua Katiki. They reached Mahatua, saw it, looked around, and gave the name Mahatua A Hau Maka. Then they went on and came to Taharoa. They saw it, looked around, and gave the name Taharoa A Hau Maka. Again they went on and reached Hanga Hoonu. They saw it, looked around, and gave the name Hanga Hoonu A Hau Maka ... They remained in Hanga Hoonu for five days. On the twenty-third day of the month of July ('Anakena'), they reached Rangi Meamea.

But at the time of rongorongo the date Hora Nui 2 in the Gregorian calendar would have moved ahead with 4 precessional days from the time of the Pope, from *165 (Alkes) to Zosma and Coxa (*169). This was therefore the star place which should properly have been aligned with °September 6 (249) - if the 'crooked canoe' of the Pope had been corrected already in 1582 A.D. instead of by the precession since that time.

... When the Pope rearranged the day for spring equinox from number 84 ('March 25) to number 80 (ºMarch 21) the earlier Julian structure was buried, was covered up (puo). At the same time the Pope deliberately avoided to correct the flow of Julian calendar days for what he may have regarded as 4 unneccesary leap days prior to the Council of Nicaea. Thus his balance sheet for days was in order. The day numbers counted from the equinox were increased with 4 and this was equal to allowing the 4 'unneccessary' leap days to remain in place. But he had moved spring equinox to a position which was 4 days too early compared to the ancient model ...

When looking at the heliacal side with Sirius and Antares instead of at the Full Moon with Aldebaran there is no similar problem:

SIRIUS (*101)

JUNE 30 (181 = 101 + 80

184 - 101 = 83 EQUINOX (*185)

SEPTEMBER 22 (265 = 185 + 80)

Ga4-18 (101 = *165 - 64) Ga7-16 (185 = *249 - 64)
ALKES (*165)

September 2 (245 = 165 + 80)

ANTARES (*249)

November 25 (329 = 245 + 84)

CLOSE TO THE FULL MOON:
FUM AL SAMAKAH (*348) 431 - 348 = 83 (*66 = *249 - 183)
DECEMBER 30 (364 = 181 + 183) 447 - 364 = 83 MARCH 23 (*2 = *185 - 183)

The right ascension day for Antares was *249 at the time of rongorongo. 249 (September 6, Zosma and Coxa) + 80 = 329 (November 25, Antares):

INVISIBLY CLOSE TO THE SUN (helical dates):
SEPTEMBER 20 21 (*184) EQUINOX 23 24 25 (268)
Ga7-14 (183) Ga7-15 Ga7-16 Ga7-17 Ga7-18 Ga7-19
    ANTARES (*249)      
November 23 24 25 (329) 26 (*250) 27 28
°November 19 20 21 (325 = 314 + 11) 22 23 24 (*248)
19 - 11 = 8 9 November (314 = 288 + 26) 11 12 (*236 = 4 * 59) 13
'October 27 (300) 28 29 (*222) 30 31 (= 17 + 14) 'November 1
"October 13 14 Tagaroa Uri 15 (288) 16 17 (290 = 331 - 41) 18

... The canoes of Ava Rei Pua and of Hotu were seen near the (off-shore) islets. On the fifteenth day of the month of October (tangaroa uri) the canoe of Hotu and the canoe of Ava Rei Pua landed. On the fifteenth day of the month of October (tangaroa uri), Nonoma left the house during the night to urinate outside.

 At this point Ira called out to Nonoma, 'Look at the canoe!' Nonoma ran, he quickly went to Te Hikinga Heru (a ravine in the side of the crater Rano Kau) and looked around. There he saw the double canoe way out near the (offshore) islets, and the two (hulls of the canoe) were lashed together. He ran and returned to the front of the house. He arrived and called into the house: 'Hey you! This canoe has arrived during the night without our noticing it!' Ira asked Nonoma, 'Where is the canoe, which you say is lying out there (in the water)?' Nonoma's voice came back: 'It is out there (in the water) close to the (offshore) islets! There it lies, and the two (hulls) are lashed together.' The four of them (corrected for 'the six of them') went out and picked up leaves (on branches) to give signals. They picked them up, went and arrived at Te Hikinga and saw the canoe. Raparenga got up, picked up the leaves, took them in his hands, and waved, waved, waved, waved ... (E:75)

... The reform was adopted initially by the Catholic countries of Europe. Protestants and Eastern Orthodox countries continued to use the traditional Julian calendar and adopted the Gregorian reform after a time, for the sake of convenience in international trade. The last European country to adopt the reform was Greece, as late as 1923 ... Britain and the British Empire (including the eastern part of what is now the United States) adopted the Gregorian calendar in 1752 ... Claims that rioters demanded 'Give us our eleven days' grew out of a misinterpretation of a painting by William Hogarth ...

There was reason for the riot. The conjunction between Sirius (the cause of rising water) and the empty dry Alkes, together with the Fish who was half dead from lack of water, had been pushed aside and 4 days (not 11) were lost:

... Aquarius is identified as GU.LA 'The Great One' in the Babylonian star catalogues and represents the god Ea himself, who is commonly depicted holding an overflowing vase. The Babylonian star-figure appears on entitlement stones and cylinder seals from the second millennium. It contained the winter solstice in the Early Bronze Age. In Old Babylonian astronomy, Ea was the ruler of the southernmost quarter of the Sun's path, the 'Way of Ea', corresponding to the period of 45 days on either side of winter solstice. In the Greek tradition, the constellation became represented as simply a single vase from which a stream poured down to Piscis Austrinus. The name in the Hindu zodiac is likewise kumbha 'water-pitcher' ...

SIRIUS (*101)

JUNE 30 (181 = 101 + 80)

3 DAY 185 (= 370 / 2)

JULY 4

79 EQUINOX (*185)

SEPTEMBER 22 (265 = 185 + 80)

Ga4-18 (101 = *165 - 64) Ga4-22 (105) Ga7-16 (185 = *249 - 64)
ALKES (*165)

September 2 (245 = 165 + 80)

ZOSMA & COXA (*169)

September 6 (249 = 169 + 80)

ANTARES (*249)

November 25 (329 = 249 + 80)

CLOSE TO THE FULL MOON:
FUM AL SAMAKAH (*348) 3 χ Aquarii (*352) 79 (*66 = *249 - 183)
DECEMBER 30 (364 = 181 + 183) JANUARY 3 (*288 = *352 - 64) MARCH 23 (*2 = *185 - 183)

... Robur Carolinum, Charles' Oak, the Quercia of Italy and the Karlseiche of Germany, was formally published by Halley in 1679 in commemoration of the Royal Oak of his patron, Charles II, in which the king had lain hidden for twenty-four hours after his defeat by Cromwell in the battle of Worcester, on the 3rd of September 1651 ...

288 was also the day number the Pope Gregory XIII had decided on for launching his new calendar: ... The Julian calendar day Thursday, 4 October 1582 was followed by the first day of the Gregorian calendar, Friday, 15 October 1582 (the cycle of weekdays was not affected) ...

At the time of rongorongo - after the precession had corrected his mistake - day 288 had become the proper place for Antares to rise with the Sun. Tangaroa Uri 15 ("October 15) was when the Royal Double Canoe was reaching Easter Island: ... The canoes of Ava Rei Pua and of Hotu were seen near the (off-shore) islets. On the fifteenth day of the month of October (tangaroa uri) the canoe of Hotu and the canoe of Ava Rei Pua landed. On the fifteenth day of the month of October (tangaroa uri), Nonoma left the house during the night to urinate outside ...