245. This idea needs
to be investigated. First we should remember
the very special star Sirius, not only the
brightest in the night sky but also moving
'hand in hand' with the Sun:
... The Sothic cycle was based on what is
referred to in technical jargon as 'the
periodic return of the heliacal rising of
Sirius', which is the first appearance of
this star after a seasonal absence, rising
at dawn just ahead of the sun in the eastern
portion of the sky. In the case of Sirius
the interval between one such rising and the
next amounts to exactly 365.25 days -
a mathematically harmonious figure,
uncomplicated by further decimal points,
which is just twelve minutes longer than the
duration of the solar year ...
Instead of peacefully floating ahead in the year
as the majority of the other stars, Sirius (Te Pou,
the Pillar) stood firm in the
Sun calendar, never moving away from its
once given
position of eminence in June 30 (*101). The precession
had apparently no effect on Sirius because
his proper motion against the background of
the sky roof was
exactly the same as the motion of the
precession - although in the opposite
direction.
This means Sirius earlier must have been
aligned with other stars, and it also
implies that the length of the year should
be that deternined by Julius Caesar (and
given as 365¼ days).
Let's investigate the place in the G text
for the 'Midatlantic Ridge' = the postition
of Sirius 70 year prior to 1842 AD (my
assumed 'Greenwhich longitude' at the time
of rongorongo):
APRIL 22 |
23 |
24 |
25 (115) |
26 |
27 |
28 (*98) |
16 April |
17 |
18 |
19 (*29) |
20 |
21 (111) |
22 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Ga2-2 |
Ga2-3 |
Ga2-4 |
Ga2-5 (35) |
Ga2-6 |
Ga2-7 |
Ga2-8 |
no star listed (96) |
β Monocerotis, ν Gemini (97.0) |
no star listed (98) |
ν Puppis (99.2), ψ3 Aurigae
(99.4), ψ2 Aurigae (99.5)
GEMMA (α Cor. Bor.)
|
ψ4 Aurigae (100.5),
MEBSUTA (Outstretched)
= ε Gemini
(100.7) |
SIRIUS
= α Canis Majoris
(101.2),
ψ5 Aurigae (101.4), ν
Gemini (101.6), ψ6 Aurigae
(101.7) |
τ Puppis (102.2), ψ7 Aurigae
(102.4) |
June 25 |
26 |
27 |
28 (*99) |
29 (180) |
SIRIUS (1842 AD) |
July 1 |
SOLSTICE |
°June 22 |
23 |
ST JOHN'S DAY |
25 (*96) |
26 (177 = 181 - 4) |
27 |
'May 29 |
30 (136 + 14) |
31 (151) |
'June 1 (*72) |
2 |
3 |
4 |
"May 15 (500) |
16 (136) |
17 |
18 (*58 = *72 - *14) |
19 |
20 (364 - 224) |
21 |
"When the Arabians adopted the
Greek figures they designated
this star [Castor] as Al Rās
al Taum al Mukaddim, the
Head of the Foremost Twin; but,
according to Al Tizini, the
early and indigenous term was
Al Awwal al Al Dhirā', the
First in the Paw or Forearm.
Reference was made by this to
the supposed figure of the
enormous early Lion, the nomads'
Asad, the Outstretched
Forearm of which
α
and β marked
Al Dhirā' al Mabsutāt.
This extended still further over
Gemini, the other, the
Contracted one, Al Dhirā' al
Makbūdah, running into Canis
Minor. The rest of this
monstrosity included Cancer,
part of our Leo, Boötes, Virgo,
and Corvus ..." (Allen) |
*101 + *70 = *171 will correspond to Ga2-7
(37) + 70 = 107 (Ga4-24). Once again 107 (=
214 / 2 = 290 - 183) becomes a key number:
... from January 1 to the First Point of
Aries in Roman times: 80 (0h) + *27
(heliacal Sheratan) = 107 (April 17)
...
... Allen has listed his culminations at
21h, which corresponds to 3h / 24h * 360º =
45º before midnight, and April 1 (91) - 3h /
24h * 365¼ = 45 (February 14, 2-14 ), which
agrees well with the position of the Whip
star (γ
Cassiopeia)
...
And then, considering the fact that July
(31) and August (31) had been added in Roman
times it seems reasonable to assume 107 (=
45 + 31 + 31) to be the key number for
keeping track of the Sun.
Furthermore,
16 * 29½ - 107 = 365 ...
Possibly we should
then add 70 (= 26000 / 365¼)
* 0.2 (= *101.2 - *101) years to 3186
BC in order to reach the year 32 (* 100) BC - and the
culmination (at 21h) of Gredi in 1 July:
... In astrology
α
[Andromedae, Sirrah] portended honor and
riches to all born under its influence. It
comes to the meridian - culminates - at nine
o'clock in the evening of the 10th of
November. All culminations mentioned in this
work [Allen] are for this hour
...
JULY 5 |
6 (*107) |
7 |
8 |
9 (190) |
29 June (3046 BC) |
SIRIUS (3116 BC) |
1 July (3186 BC) |
2 (3256 BC) |
3 (184 = 254 - 70) |
|
|
|
|
|
Ga4-23 |
Ga4-24 |
Ga4-25 (108) |
Ga4-26 |
Ga4-27 |
φ Leonis (170.0),
ALULA = ξ, ν Ursae Majoris
(170.5),
LABRUM = δ Crateris
(170.6) |
σ Leonis (171.1), λ Crateris
(171.6), ι Leonis, ε Crateris
(171.9) |
γ Crateris, π Centauri (172.0),
κ Crateris (172.5), τ Leonis
(172.8)
GREDI (α Capricorni)
|
ο¹ Centauri (173.8) |
GIAUZAR
= λ Draconis
(174.0), ξ Hydrae (174.3), ο²
Centauri, λ Centauri (174.8) |
|
Sept 7 |
8 |
9 (*172 = *354 / 2) |
10 |
11 (254 = 184 + 70) |
°Sept
3 |
4 |
5 (*168 = *336 / 2) |
6 |
7 (250) |
'Aug 11 |
12 |
13 (*145 = *290 / 2) |
14 |
15 (227 → π) |
"July 29 |
30 (210 = *130 + 80) |
31 |
"Aug 1 |
2
(*133 = *174 - *41) |
|
The stars which at the time
of rongorongo were at right ascension day
*171 (corresponding to calendar day 80 + 171 = 251)
had glided ahead from 30
June (181) at the time when Itzam-Yeh was
defeated to day 181 + 70 = 251 (September
8).
Itzam-Yeh defeated |
28 May, 3149 BC (148) |
|
First 3-stone place |
21 May, 3114 BC (141) |
141 - 70 = 71 (12 March) |
Creation of our present world |
13 Aug, 3114 BC (225) |
225 - 70 = 155 (4 June) |
Hun-Nal-Ye became the sky |
5 Febr, 3112 BC (36) |
|
(3149 - 3112) / 71 = 0.52 < (26.6 - 26) |
21 May, 3114 BC - 13 August, 3114 BC = 225 - 141 = 84 (= 12 * 7)
21 May, 3114 BC - 5 February, 3112 BC = 542, which 'happens to be' the sum of 365 days and 6 * 29½ nights. |
148 (May 28) - *70 = 78 (19 March) |
At the time when Bharani
(*41) had risen with the Sun at 0h the
significant star Gredi (α
Capricorni) would have culminated (at 21h)
in "July 31, whereas Gredi at
the time when Itzam-Yeh was defeated
would have culminated (at 21) in 1 July, i.e. 30
days earlier (although *70 - *41 = *29).
At the time of Bharani
another significant star, viz. Gemma =
α Corona
Borealis,
... In other words, the ancient Druidic religion based on the oak-cult will be swept away by Christianity and the door - the god Llyr - will languish forgotten in the Castle of Arianrhod, the Corona Borealis. This helps us to understand the relationship at Rome of Janus and the White Goddess Cardea who is ... the Goddess of Hinges who came to Rome from Alba Longa. She was the hinge on which the year swung - the ancient Latin, not the Etruscan year - and her importance as such is recorded in the Latin adjective cardinalis
- as we say in English 'of cardinal
importance - which was also
applied to the four main winds; for winds
were considered as under the sole direction
of the Great Goddess until Classical times
...
would have culminated (at
21h) in right ascension day *99 - *41 = *58
(= *29 + *29) and this was *29 (= *70 - *41) right ascension
days later in the year than at the time when
Itzam-Yeh had been defeated.
In the C text the culmination
(at 21h) of Gredi probably occurred at Ca13-12
- in day 355 counted from the beginning of
side a - and
this event could in principle have been deduced at
nighttime from observing the Snowball
Nebula (NGC7662) close to the Full Moon,
although its current brightness was only
around 8.6:
no glyph (day zero) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Ca1-1 |
Ca1-2 |
Ca1-3 |
Ca1-4 |
Ca1-5 |
Ca1-6 |
koia |
ki te hoea |
ki te henua |
te rima te hau tea |
haga i te mea ke |
ki te henua - tagata honui |
Sept 20 (*183) |
264 |
EQUINOX |
23 (366 - 100) |
24 |
25 (*188) |
(59 + 183 + 27) |
St John's day |
*96 = *184 - *88 |
177 = 6 * 29½ |
*98 |
*99 |
*188 - *88 |
*101 (30 June) |
INVISIBLY CLOSE TO THE SUN
(helical dates): |
ALCHITA (The Southern Tent)
= α Corvi, MA WEI (Tail of
the Horse) = δ Centauri
(183.7), ρ Centauri (183.9) |
PÁLIDA
(Pale) = δ Crucis
(184.6),
MEGREZ (Root of the Tail) =
δ Ursae Majoris
(184.9) |
Hasta-13 (Hand) /
Chariot-28 (Worm)
GIENAH (Wing) = γ Corvi
(185.1), ε Muscae (185.2), ζ
Crucis (185.4),
ZANIAH
(Corner) = η Virginis
(185.9) |
CHANG SHA
(Long Sand-bank) = ζ Corvi
(186.3) |
INTROMETIDA (Inserted) = ε
Crucis
(187.4),
ACRUX = α Crucis
(187.5) |
γ Com. Berenicis (188.0), σ
Centauri (188.1),
ALGORAB = δ Corvi
(188.5),
GACRUX = γ Crucis
(188.7) |
γ Muscae (189.0),
AVIS SATYRA (Bird of the
Satyrs) = η Corvi
(189.3),
ASTERION (Starry) = β Canum
Ven.
(189.5),
KRAZ = β Corvi,
κ Draconis (189.7) |
...
After the great flood had at
long last receded, Raven had
gorged himself on the
delicacies left by the
receding water, so for once,
perhaps the first time in
his life, he wasn't hungry.
But his other appetites, his
curiosity and the
unquenchable itch to meddle
and provoke things, to play
tricks on the world and its
creatures, these remained
unsatisfied. Raven gazed up
and down the beach. It was
pretty, but lifeless. There
was no one about to upset,
or play tricks upon. Raven
sighed. He crossed his wings
behind him and strutted up
and down the sand, his shiny
head cocked, his sharp eyes
and ears alert for any
unusual sight or sound. The
mountains and the sea, the
sky now ablaze with the sun
by day and the moon and
stars he had placed there,
it was all pretty, but
lifeless. Finally Raven
cried out to the empty sky
with a loud exasperated cry.
And before the echoes of his
cry faded from the shore, he
heard a muffled squeak. He
looked up and down the beach
for its source and saw
nothing. He strutted back
and and forth, once, twice,
three times and still saw
nothing. Then he spied a
flash of white in the sand.
There, half buried in the
sand was a giant clamshell.
As his shadow fell upon it,
he heard another muffled
squeak. Peering down into
the opening between the
halves of the shell, he saw
it was full of tiny
creatures, cowering in fear
at his shadow ... |
CLOSE TO THE FULL MOON (and
nakshatra dates): |
Al
Fargh al Thāni-25 (Rear
Spout)
0h (*366)
CAPH
(Hand) = β Cassiopeiae,
SIRRAH
(Navel of the Horse) = α
Andromedae
(0.5), ε Phoenicis, γ³ Oct.
(0.8) |
Uttara Bhādrapadā-27
(2nd of the Blessed Feet) /
Wall-14 (Porcupine)
ο Oct. (1.3),
ALGENIB PEGASI
= γ Pegasi
(1.8) |
χ Pegasi (2.1), θ Andromedae
(2.7) |
σ Andromedae (3.0), ι Ceti
(3.3), ζ Tucanae (3.5), ρ
Andromedae, π Tucanae (3.7) |
no star listed (4) |
ANKAA = α Phoenicis,
κ Phoenicis (5.0)
ALPHARD (α Hydrae)
|
λ Phoenicis (6.3), β Tucanae
(6.4) |
March 21 (80) |
22 (*1) |
23 |
24 |
25 |
26 |
27 (*372) |
... Ecclesiastically, the
equinox is reckoned to be on
21 March (even though the
equinox occurs,
astronomically speaking, on
20 March in most years)
...
... When the Pope rearranged
the day for spring equinox
from number 84 ('March 25)
to number 80 (ºMarch 21) the
earlier Julian structure was
buried, was covered up (puo).
At the same time the Pope
deliberately avoided to
correct the flow of Julian
calendar days for what he
may have regarded as 4
unneccesary leap days prior
to the Council of Nicaea.
Thus his balance sheet for
days was in order. The day
numbers counted from the
equinox were increased with
4 and this was equal to
allowing the 4
'unneccessary' leap days to
remain in place. But he had
moved spring equinox to a
position which was 4 days
too early compared to the
ancient model ... |
'Febr 22 (2-22) |
Terminalia (54) |
24 (82 - 27)
|
25 |
26 |
27 |
28 |
... The leap
day was introduced as part
of the Julian reform. The
day following the Terminalia
(February 23) was doubled,
forming the 'bis sextum
- literally 'double sixth',
since February 24 was 'the
sixth day before the Kalends
of March' using Roman
inclusive counting (March 1
was the 'first day').
Although exceptions exist,
the first day of the bis
sextum (February 24) was
usually regarded as the
intercalated or 'bissextile'
day since the third century.
February 29 came to be
regarded as the leap day
when the Roman system of
numbering days was replaced
by sequential numbering in
the late Middle Ages ... |
Christmas Eve |
*96 + *183 |
360 = 6 * 60 |
*98 + *183 |
362 |
180 + 183 |
*284 (30 Dec) |
347 |
|
|
|
|
|
Ca13-11 (12 * 29½) |
Ca13-12 (355) |
Ca13-13 |
Ca13-14 |
Ca13-15 |
e toru gagata,
tuhuga nui, tuhuga roa, tuhuga
marakapa* - ma te hokohuki te
tapamea - te kihikihi
*
Jaussen: kapa chant. |
te vaha erua -
te maro |
tagata kara te
roturotu - te maro |
ka pu te niu -
mai tae huki hia |
ka pu te niu |
Kapa.
Mgv.: a
song for the dead,
chant. Mq.: kapa,
a heathen song. Mgv.:
aka-kapakapa, an
eager desire balked by
timidity. Ta.: apaapa,
to flutter the wings.
To.: kabakaba,
id. Ma.: kapakapa,
to flutter. Churchill.
Tu.: Kapakapa,
portion, particle. Ta.:
apaapaa,
fragment, bit, chip.
Churchill.
In
Polynesia gliding flight
is expressed by lele,
flight on flapping wing
by kapa. In
Nuclear Polynesia
kapa does not pass
into the wing sense
except through the aid
of a composition member
kau. In Samoan
'au we find this to
mean a stalk, a handle;
in reference to the body
its sense as that of
some projecting member
is exhibited in
'aualuma (the 'au
in front) as a very
delicate euphemism for
the penis. So 'apa'au
would mean literally the
projecting member that
flaps. Churchill 2. |
Mara.
To start
rotting, going bad (e.g.
a lobster, a fish). See
also mamara.
Vanaga. Mgv.:
mara, open land,
cultivated field. Mq.:
mara, maa,
land under tilth. Ta.:
amara, the first
stone of a marae, etc.
Sa.: mala, a new
plantation. Ma.: mara,
land under tilth.
Churchill. Sa.: malae,
the town green. Nukuoro:
malae, a cleared
space, an open place, a
plantation. To.:
malae, a gree, a
grass plot ... Ha.:
malae, smooth (as a
plain) ... Ma.: marae,
an inclosed place in
front of a house. Ta.:
marae, the sacred
place of worship ...
Vi.: mara, a
burying place ...
In
note 261 I have advanced
the opinion that
malae is in form a
conditional derivative
of lae. This
holds of the
signification found in
Nuclear Polynesia. The
secondary sense which
the Tongafiti carried to
eastern Polynesia has
obscured the lae
element; but the
sacrosanct content of
the marae in the
four-godded theology of
eastern Polynesia is
after all but a logical
outgrowth of the Nuclear
Polynesian malae
as the civic center of
social life where god is
sole, surpreme - and
Lucretian ... Churchill
2. |
|
30 June (Sirius) |
1 July |
2 |
3 (*104 = *174 - *70) |
4
(185) |
σ Leonis (171.1), λ Crateris
(171.6), ι Leonis, ε Crateris
(171.9) |
γ Crateris, π Centauri (172.0),
κ Crateris (172.5), τ Leonis
(172.8)
GREDI (α Capricorni)
|
ο¹ Centauri (173.8) |
GIAUZAR
= λ Draconis
(174.0), ξ Hydrae (174.3), ο²
Centauri, λ Centauri (174.8) |
θ Crateris (175.0), υ Leonis
(175.2), ω Virginis (175.3), ι
Crateris (175.5) |
29 Dec (*354 - *71 = *283) |
30 (*284 = *214 + *70) |
31 (183 + 182) |
1 Jan (366) |
2 (= 185 - 183) |
κ
Piscium (354.2), θ Piscium
(354.4), υ Pegasi (354.9) |
ο Gruis,
Snowball Nebula = NGC7662 Andromedae
(355.0), τ Oct.
(355.3) |
no star listed (356) |
ι
Phoenicis (357.3), ι Piscium
(357.4), λ Andromedae (357.9) |
λ
Piscium (358.0),
MANUS CATENATA = ι Andromedae
(358.1),
ALRAI = γ Cephei,
θ Phoenicis (358.4), κ
Andromedae (358.7) |
|
We should then move ahead
in time (back in the glyph text) to
heliacal Sirius in June 30, i.e. to
Ca13-11 (354) - 70 = Ca10-29 (→ 290 =
284 + 6):
|
|
|
|
|
Ca10-28 |
Ca10-29 (284) |
Ca11-1 |
Ca11-2 |
Ca11-3 |
te inoino |
te tagata |
E inoino |
te inoino |
kua haga |
June 29 |
30 (181) |
July 1 |
2 |
3 |
ψ4 Aurigae (100.5),
MEBSUTA (Outstretched)
= ε Gemini
(100.7) |
SIRIUS
= α Canis Majoris
(101.2),
ψ5 Aurigae (101.4), ν
Gemini (101.6), ψ6 Aurigae
(101.7) |
τ Puppis (102.2), ψ7 Aurigae
(102.4) |
Mash-mashu-sha-Risū-9 (Twins
of the Shepherd)
θ Gemini (103.0), ψ8 Aurigae
(103.2),
ALHENA = γ Gemini
(103.8), ψ9 Aurigae (103.9) |
ADARA (Virgins) = ε Canis
Majoris
(104.8) |
|
Dec 29 |
30 (364) |
31 |
Jan 1 |
2 |
ζ
Pavonis (283.4), λ Cor. Austr.
(283.6),
Double Double
(283.7), ζ Lyrae (283.8) |
South Dipper-8 (Unicorn)
Φ SAGITTARII
(284.0), μ Cor. Austr. (284.6),
η Cor. Austr., θ Pavonis (284.8) |
SHELIAK (Tortoise) = β Lyrae,
ν Lyrae (285.1), ο Draconis
(285.5). λ Pavonis (285.7)
ATLAS (27 Tauri) |
χ
Oct. (286.0),
AIN AL RAMI (Eye of the Archer)
= ν Sagittarii
(286.2),
υ
Draconis (286.4), δ Lyrae
(286.3), κ Pavonis
(286.5),
ALYA = θ Serpentis
(286.6) |
ξ
Sagittarii (287.1), ω Pavonis
(287.3), ε Aquilae, ε Cor.
Austr.,
SULAPHAT (Little Tortoise Shell)
= γ Lyrae
(287.4), λ Lyrae (287.7),
ASCELLA (Armpit) = ζ Sagittarii,
BERED = i Aquilae (Ant.)
(287.9) |
|
When Atlas in the
Pleiades culminated at 21h it indicated
the day was December 31.
|