142. From Hamal (α Arietis) and the Julian spring equinox to Alcyone
(η
Tauri) in the Pleiades there
were *56 - *30 = *26 right ascension days, from
Sheratan there were *59 days. And in
between were Musca Borealis (The Northern Fly) and
Algol (the Demon star).
 |
 |
 |
 |
|
Cb1-1 (393) |
Cb1-2 |
Cb1-3 |
Cb1-4 (396) |
|
E
tupu -
ki roto |
o
te hau tea |
ki
te henua - te maro |
|
INVISIBLY CLOSE TO
THE SUN (helical
dates): |
|
*210 |
*211 |
THUBAN
(Dragon) |
*213 |
|
Oct 17 (290 = 107 +
183) |
18 |
19 (*212 = *29 +
183) |
20 |
|
ºOct 13 (*23 + 183) |
14 (*211 - 4) |
15 (288) |
16 |
|
'Sept 20 (*183) |
21 (264 = 287 - 37 |
EQUINOX |
23 |
|
"Sept 6 (249 = 66 +
183) |
7 |
8 (*171 = *354 - 183 |
9 (252 = 293 - 41) |
|
AUG 14 |
15 (227 = 264 - 37) |
16 (*148) |
17 |
|
206 = 290 - 84 |
207 = 227 - 20 |
208 = 25 + 183 |
209 = 213 - 4 |
|
... The ubiquitous
288 was also (cfr
JANUARY 3, *288) the
day number the Pope
Gregory XIII had
decided on for
launching his new
calendar:
... The Julian
calendar day
Thursday, 4 October
1582 was followed by
the first day of the
Gregorian calendar,
Friday, 15 October
1582 (the cycle of
weekdays was not
affected) ...
But at the time of
rongorongo - after
the precession had
corrected his error
in not going all the
way down to Caesar,
only down to 325 AD
(the Council of
Nicaea) - day 288
(= 325 - 37) had
become the proper
place for Antares to
rise with the Sun.
Tangaroa Uri 15
("October 15)
was when the Royal
Double Canoe was
reaching Easter
Island
... |
|
CLOSE TO THE FULL
MOON (and nakshatra
dates): |
|
Al Sharatain-1 /
Ashvini-1 /
Bond-16 (Dog) /
Mahrū-sha-rishu-ku-1
(Front of the Head
of Ku)
SHERATAN |
*28 |
ALRISHA
(The Knot) |
HAMAL |
|
April 17 (107) |
18 |
19 (*29) |
20 |
|
ºApril 13 (*23) |
4-14 (104) |
15 |
16 |
|
'March 21 (*366) |
22 (*1) |
23 |
JULIAN EQUINOX |
|
"March 7 (66) |
8 |
9 (*354 = *368 -
*14) |
10 |
|
FEBR 12 (43) |
13 (*330) |
2-14 (45) |
15 |
|
364 + 25 = 389 |
390 = 207 + 183 |
25 = 45 - 20 |
26 = 30 - 4 |
But first came the Wonderful
Mira, at the Neck of
the Sea Beast:
... Although an old
constellation, Cetus is by
no means of special
interest, except as
possessing the south pole of
the Milky Way and the
Wonderful Star, the variable
Mira; and from the fact that
it is a condensation point
of nebulae directly across
the sphere from Virgo, also
noted in this respect
...
... Mira also known
as Omicron
Ceti (ο Ceti,
ο
Cet), is a red giant star
estimated 200-400 light
years away in the
constellation Cetus. Mira is
a binary star, consisting of
the red giant Mira A along
with Mira B. Mira A is also
an oscillating variable star
and was the first
non-supernova variable star
discovered, with the
possible exception of Algol.
Apart from the unusual Eta
Carinae, Mira is the
brightest periodic variable
in the sky that is not
visible to the naked eye for
part of its cycle ...
... In 1638 Johannes
Holwarda determined a period
of the star's reappearances,
eleven months; he is often
credited with the discovery
of Mira's variability.
Johannes Hevelius was
observing it at the same
time and named it 'Mira'
(meaning 'wonderful' or
'astonishing,' in Latin) in
1662's Historiola Mirae
Stellae, for it acted
like no other known star.
Ismail Bouillaud then
estimated its period at 333
days, less than one day off
the modern value of 332
days, and perfectly
forgivable, as Mira is known
to vary slightly in period,
and may even be slowly
changing over time
...
In a way Mira
therefore could have illustrated how
life (light) departs, yet
returns again after the
completion of a cycle.
 |
 |
 |
 |
 |
 |
 |
|
Cb1-5 |
Cb1-6 (350 + 48) |
Cb1-7 |
Cb1-8 |
Cb1-9 |
Cb1-10 |
Cb1-11 (403) |
|
rutua
- te pahu - rutua te
maeva - atua rerorero -
atua hiko ura - hiko o
tea - ka higa te ao ko
te henua ra ma te hoi
atua |
|
INVISIBLY CLOSE TO THE
SUN (helical dates): |
|
Oct 21 |
ARCTURUS |
23 (*216) |
24 |
25 |
26 |
27 (300 = 216 + 84) |
|
ºOct 17 |
18 (291) |
19 |
20 |
21 (*214) |
22 |
23 |
|
'Sept 24 |
25
(*188) |
26 |
27 |
28 |
29 (2 * 136) |
30 (273 = 3 * 91) |
|
"Sept 10 |
11 (*174) |
12 |
13 (256) |
14 |
15 |
16 |
|
AUG 18 |
19 |
20 (*152) |
21 |
22 |
23 |
24 (236 = 53 + 183) |
|
210 |
211 = 291 - 80 |
212 |
213 |
214 |
215 |
216 = 236 - 20 |
... Mons Maenalus,
at the feet of
Boötes, was formed
by Hevelius, and
published in his
Firmamentum
Sobiescianum;
this title
coinciding with
those of neighboring
stellar groups
bearing Arcadian
names. It is
sometimes, although
incorrectly, given
as Mons Menelaus,
- perhaps, as Smyth
suggested, after the
Alexandrian
astronomer referred
to by Ptolemy and
Plutarch. The
Germans know it as
the Berg
Menalus; and the
Italians as
Menalo. Landseer
has a striking
representation of
the Husbandsman, as
he styles Boötes,
with sickle and
staff, standing on
this constellation
figure. A possible
explanation of its
origin may be found
in what Hewitt
writes in his
Essays on the Ruling
Races of Prehistoric
Times: The
Sun-god thence
climbed up the
mother-mountain of
the Kushika race as
the constellation
Hercules, who is
depicted in the old
traditional
pictorial astronomy
as climbing
painfully up the
hill to reach the
constellation of the
Tortoise, now called
Lyra, and thus
attain the polar
star Vega, which was
the polar star from
10000 to 8000 B.C.
May not this modern
companion
constellation, Mons
Maenalus, be from a
recollection of this
early Hindu
conception of our
Hercules transferred
to the adjacent
Bootes?
|
|
CLOSE TO THE FULL MOON
(and nakshatra dates): |
|
April 21 |
22 (*32) |
MIRA |
24 |
25 |
26 (116) |
27 |
|
ºApril 17 |
18 (*28) |
19 |
20 |
21 (111) |
22 |
23 |
|
3-25 |
'March 26 (*5 = *32 -
27) |
27 |
28 |
29 (88) |
30 |
31 |
|
"March 11 |
12 (*357 = 366 + 71 -
80) |
13 |
3-14 (73) |
15 |
16 |
17 |
|
FEBR 16 |
17 (112 - 64 = 48) |
18 |
19 |
20 |
21 (52) |
22 (403 - 350) |
|
27 |
28 = 32 - 4 |
29 |
30 |
31 |
32 |
33 = 53 - 20 |
|
At the silent
bird in glyph number 403
was FEBRUARY
22 and the day before
the day which in Roman times
was
named Terminalia
(the end station). 403 -
53 (FEBRUARY 22) = 350
and Gb1-11 (40 3)
- 53 = 350 (Ca13-7 → 137
as in May 17):
 |
 |
 |
|
Ca13-1 (344) |
Ca13-2 |
Ca13-3 |
|
Kua haga te
tagata |
kua haga |
e
kua noi |
|
*344 |
March 1 (*345) |
*346 |
|
DEC 26 (*280) |
27 |
28 |
|
CLOSE TO THE FULL MOON
(and nakshatra dates): |
|
Aug 29 (241) |
*162 |
*163 |
|
JUNE 26 (177 =
241 - 64) |
27 |
28 (*99) |
 |
 |
 |
|
Ca13-4 |
Ca13-5 |
Ca13-6 |
|
tagata ma te
kihikihi |
koia ra kua
oho |
|
March 3 (*347) |
*348 |
*349 |
|
DEC 29 |
30 (364) |
31 (*285) |
|
CLOSE TO THE FULL MOON
(and nakshatra dates): |
|
Sept 1 (244) |
Wings-27 (Snake)
ALKES |
ANA-TIPU-4
(Upper-side-pillar
- where the
guards stood)
DUBHE
|
|
JUNE 29 (*100) |
30 (181) |
JULY 1 |
...
Thus the regular old
Roman year ended
with Februarius 23
and it was 350
nights long, 25
fortnights. Then
followed 5 extra
nights, or as the
Romans saw it 5 + 1
= 6 nights in order
to include March 1,
the first day of the
new regular year ...
|
Between the
end of the Old Year and the
beginning of the New Year
any discrepancies between
star positions and dates
could get rid of by a leap
day. But if 0h changed its
position among the stars due
to the precession then also
such a leap day should
change its position due to
the precession. As to the
position of Bharani, for
instance, there seems to be
evidence of such a
phenomenon:
 |
 |
 |
 |
|
Cb1-12 (404) |
Cb1-13 |
Cb1-14
(350 + 56) |
Cb1-15 |
|
manu rere - kua rere
ga manu - ki te ragi |
eaha te nuku erua |
koia kua huki |
e
niu tu |
|
INVISIBLY CLOSE TO
THE SUN (helical
dates): |
|
ρ Lupi (221.0),
TOLIMAN = α Centauri
(221.2), π Bootis
(221.8), ζ Bootis
(221.9) |
31 Bootis
(222.0),
YANG MUN (South
Gate) = α Lupi
(222.1),
RIJL AL AWWA (Foot
of the Barker) = μ
Virginis
(222.5), ο Bootis
(222.9) |
IZAR (Girdle) = ε
Bootis
(223.0),
109 Virginis,
α Apodis (No Feet)
(223.3), μ Librae
(223.8) |
Al Zubānā-14a
/
Visakha-16 /
Root-3 (Badger)
ZUBEN ELGENUBI
= α Librae
(224.2), ξ Bootis, ο
Lupi (224.5) |
|
Oct 28 |
29 |
30 |
31 (304) |
|
AUG 25 |
26 |
27 |
28 (240 = 304 - 64) |
|
CLOSE TO THE FULL
MOON (and nakshatra
dates): |
|
μ Arietis (39.4),
HEAD OF THE FLY = 35
Arietis
(39.6),
KAFFALJIDHMA = γ
Ceti,
θ Persei (39.8) |
π Ceti, ο Arietis
(40.0),
ANGETENAR (Bend in
the River) = τ¹
Eridani,
μ Ceti
(40.2),
RIGHT WING = 39
Arietis
(40.9) |
Bharani-2 /
Stomach-17
(Pheasant)
π Arietis (41.2),
MIRAM = η Persei
(41.3),
BHARANI
=
41 Arietis (41.4),
τ² Eridani, σ
Arietis (41.7) |
TA LING (Great
Mound) = τ Persei
(42.4) |
|
April 29 (4-29) |
30 |
May 1 (121) |
2 (*42) |
|
BIS-SEXTUM |
FEBR 25 (239 - 183) |
26 (57 = *42 - *1 +
80 - 64) |
|
...
The
leap day was
introduced as part
of the Julian
reform. The day
following the
Terminalia (February
23) was doubled,
forming the 'bis
sextum -
literally 'double
sixth', since
February 24 was 'the
sixth day before the
Kalends of March'
using Roman
inclusive counting
(March 1 was the
'first day').
Although exceptions
exist, the first day
of the bis sextum
(February 24) was
usually regarded as
the intercalated or
'bissextile' day
since the third
century. February 29
came to be regarded
as the leap day when
the Roman system of
numbering days was
replaced by
sequential numbering
in the late Middle
Ages ... |
|
The
sequence of star
dates in the text
seems here to make a
jump ahead with 1
place, because *366
= 365 + 1 and from
Mira (*33) to
Bharani (*41) there
were not 8 but only 7
days (glyphs). April 29
→
4 * 29 = 116
could allude to
Cb1-10 where the
'fist' uplifted in
front should mean
'nothing has as yet been counted'.
... The practice of
turning down the
fingers, contrary to
our practice,
deserves notice, as
perhaps explaining
why sometimes
savages are reported
to be unable to
count above four.
The European holds
up one finger, which
he counts, the
native counts those
that are down and
says 'four'. Two
fingers held up, the
native counting
those that are down,
calls 'three'; and
so on until the
white man, holding
up five fingers,
gives the native
none turned down to
count. The native is
nunplussed, and the
enquirer reports
that savages can not
count above four ...
(Dr. Codrington in
Melanesian
Languages, p.
222, note 1, as
related in Churchill
2.)
E
nuku erua
possibly meant Metoro
had identified this
place as that where the
Eridanus River made
a turn, creating a
fork in time with
twin sequences of
stars:
 |
Bharani was
certainly at a place of birth
and also the Arabs - we can
conclude - had probably identified Arietis 41 (*41.4)
between Aries and Taurus as
such a point of origin:
|
Al Sharatain |
Pair of Signs |
β Arietis
(Sheratan),
γ (Mesarthim) |
27.4 |
April 17 (107) |
|
Musca
Borealis |
35 (Head of
the Fly), 39
(Kaffaljidhma),
and
41 Arietis
(Bharani) |
41.4 |
May 1 (121) |
|
Al Dabarān |
Follower |
α Tauri
(Aldebaran), θ¹,
θ²´,
γ (Hyadum I),
δ (Hyadum II), ε
(Ain) |
63.4 |
May 23 (143) |
|
Al Hak'ah |
White Spot |
λ Orionis
(Heka),
φ¹, φ² |
83.4 |
June 12 (163) |
... Night came, midnight
came, and Tuu Maheke
said to his brother, the
last-born: 'You go and
sleep. It is up to me to
watch over the father.'
(He said) the same to
the second, the third,
and the last.
When all had left, when
all the brothers were
asleep, Tuu Maheke
came and cut off the
head of Hotu A
Matua. Then he
covered everything with
soil. He hid (the head),
took it, and went up.
When he was inland, he
put (the head) down at
Te Avaava Maea.
Another day dawned, and
the men saw a dense
swarm of flies pour
forth and spread out
like a whirlwind (ure
tiatia moana) until
it disappeared into the
sky.
Tuu Maheke
understood. He went up
and took the head, which
was already stinking in
the hole in which it had
been hidden. He took it
and washed it with fresh
water. When it was
clean, he took it and
hid it anew.
Another day came, and
again Tuu Maheke
came and saw that it was
completely dried out (pakapaka).
He took it, went away,
and washed it with fresh
water until (the head)
was completely clean.
Then he took it and
painted it yellow (he
pua hai pua renga)
and wound a strip of
barkcloth (nua)
around it.
He took it and hid it in
the hole of a stone that
was exactly the size of
the head. He put it
there, closed up the
stone (from the
outside), and left it
there. There it stayed
...
... Several
of the early missionaries
comment with a fine sense of
humor upon the mistake the
islanders made in calling
the cow when first seen a
bird. This is the word which
led the good missionaries
into the error of their own
ignorance.
Manu
is as wholesale in its
signification as our word
animal, it is generic. In
the paucity of brute
mammalia the first
missionaries found this
general term most frequently
used of birds, and it was
their and not a Polynesian
mistake to translate manu
into bird. In the material
here collected it will be
seen that the significations
animal and bird are widely
extended. In the Paumotu
insects are included; the
same is true of Mota,
where manu signifies
beetle as well as bird. Nor
is its applicability
restricted to earth and air;
it reaches into the sea as
well. Samoa uses i'amanu
(fish-animal) for the whale
...
 |
53 |
|
|
Ca13-7 (→137) |
35 Arietis |
|
manu rere |
manu rere - kua rere
ga manu - ki te ragi |
|
350 |
404 |
... There is a couple
residing in one place named
Kui and Fakataka
[= creating a cycle]. After
the couple stay together for
a while Fakataka is
pregnant. So they go away
because they wish to go to
another place - they go. The
canoe goes and goes, the
wind roars, the sea churns,
the canoe sinks. Kui
expires while Fakataka
swims.
Fakataka
swims and swims, reaching
another land. She goes there
and stays on the upraised
reef in the freshwater pools
on the reef, and there
delivers her child, a boy
child. She gives him the
name Taetagaloa. When
the baby is born a golden
plover flies over and
alights upon the reef.
(Kua fanau lā te pepe kae
lele mai te tuli oi tū mai i
te papa).
And so the woman thus names
various parts of the child
beginning with the name 'the
plover' (tuli): neck
(tuliulu), elbow (tulilima),
knee (tulivae) ...
Tui
(Kui)
means to create strings (cfr
Alnilam =
'String of Pearls')
and it was another name
for Tau-toru (Orion's
Belt):
|
Tui
1. To
sew mats, to make
strings. E-tahi
tuitui reipá i Te
Pei, ekó rava'a
e-varu kaukau;
i-garo ai i Hiva, i
te kaiga, a
necklace of
mother-of-pearl is
on te Pei,
few will find it
(lit: eight groups
of people); it has
remained in Hiva,
in our homeland. 2.
The three stars of
Orion's Belt.
Vanaga. |
However, Tui was also ι Orionis
- currently named Hatysa
(curiously resembling the
adversary of Egypt up in the
northeast in Minor Asia, the
kingdom of Hattusas):
"Al Tizini designated this
as Nā'ir al Saif, the
Bright One in the Sword, but
it is practically unnamed
with us, although far more
deserving of the title Saiph
[Sword] than the succeeding
star κ.
In China it was Fa, a
Middle-man, υ and
intermediate stars being
included in this name; but
Edkins translated the word
'Punishment', and gives
another title for it, -
Tui, or Jui, the
Sharp Edge, analogous to the
Arabian Saif and
perhaps taken from it."
(Allen)
... A man once said to his
careless son: The world is
as sharp as a knife. If you
don't watch out, you'll fall
right off. His son replied
that the earth was wide and
flat; no one could fall off.
And as he kicked at the
ground to show how solid and
reliable it was, he ran a
splinter into his foot and
died soon after ... (Robert
Bringhurst, A Story as
Sharp as a Knife. The
Classical Haida Mythtellers
and Their World.)
I seem to have omitted to
iterate
Hatysa in my tables, but this
star should be at Heka:
 |
 |
 |
|
Ga1-15 |
Ga1-16 |
Ga1-17 |
|
*79 |
ELNATH = β Tauri |
*81 |
|
June 8 |
9 (160) |
10 |
|
'May 12 (*52) |
13 |
14 |
|
"April 28 |
29 |
30 (*40) |
|
APRIL 5 |
6 (96 = 160 - 64) |
7 |
|
75 |
76 = 16 + 60 |
77 = 81 - 4 |
 |
 |
 |
 |
|
→ 118 = 4 * 29½ |
Ga1-19 |
Ga1-20 |
Ga1-21 → 121 = 11 *
11 |
|
KHUFU
MINTAKA = δ Orionis |
KHAFRE
ALNILAM (String of
Pearls) = ε Orionis |
MENKAURE
ALNITAK = ζ Orionis |
*85 |
|
Al Shaula-17
ALWAID
= β Draconis,
MAASYM = λ Herculis
(265.1),
SHAULA = λ Scorpii
(265.3),
KUMA = ν Draconis
(265.6), σ Arae
(265.9)
HAMAL (α Arietis)
|
Al Hak'ah-3 /
Mrigashīrsha-5 /
Turtle Head-20
(Monkey) /
Mas-tab-ba-tur-tur
(Little Twins)
ARNEB = α Leporis,
Crab Nebula = M1
Tauri
(83.0,
φ¹ Orionis
(83.1),
HEKA = λ Orionis,
Orion Nebula = M42
(83.2),
HATYSA = ι Orionis
(83.5),
φ² Orionis
(83.6),
ALNILAM = ε Orionis
(83.7) |
Three Stars-21
(Gibbon) /
Shur-narkabti-sha-shūtū-6
(Star in the
Bull towards the
south) /
ANA-IVA-9
(Pillar of exit)
HEAVENLY GATE = ζ
Tauri,
ν Columbae (84.0), ω
Orionis
(84.2),
ALNITAK = ζ Orionis,
PHAKT (Phaet) = α
Columbae
(84.7) |
ο Aurigae (85.8), γ
Leporis (85.9)
YANG MUN (α Lupi)
|
|
June
11 |
12 |
13 |
14 |
|
'May 15 (135) |
16 |
17 (137) |
18 |
|
"May 1 (121) |
2 |
3 (123) |
4 |
|
APRIL 8 (*18) |
9 |
10 |
11 (101 = 165 - 64) |
|
78 = 18 + 60 |
79 |
80 = 84 - 4 |
81 = 101 - 20 |
|
