TRANSLATIONS

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I search through my Polynesian dictionary looking for 'step' and find a possibly useful piece of informaiton:

Hiki

To flex the knees lightly, as used to do the youths of both sexes when, after having stayed inside for a long period to get a fair complexion, they showed themselves off in dances called te hikiga haúga, parading on a footpath of smooth stones, with their faces painted, lightly flexing their knees with each step. Vanaga.

Tail fin G (? hiku). Churchill.

Hiki kioe (Cyperus vegetus), a plant whose roots were eaten during times of famine and the stems of which were used for medicinal purposes. Barthel 2. 

To stay inside, to avoid the sun, is like being in the night or in winter. Coming out is like early morning or spring. Flexing knees is to get the joints moving.

... During his descent the ancestor still possessed the quality of a water spirit, and his body, though preserving its human appearance, owing to its being that of a regenerated man, was equipped with four flexible limbs like serpents after the pattern of the arms of the Great Nummo. The ground was rapidly approaching. The ancestor was still standing, his arms in front of him and the hammer and anvil hanging across his limbs. The shock of his final impact on the earth when he came to the end of the rainbow, scattered in a cloud of dust the animals, vegetables and men disposed on the steps.

When calm was restored, the smith was still on the roof, standing erect facing towards the north, his tools still in the same position. But in the shock of landing the hammer and the anvil had broken his arms and legs at the level of elbows and knees, which he did not have before. He thus acquired the joints proper to the new human form, which was to spread over the earth and to devote itself to toil ...

If hiki belongs to spring, then wordplay would make us think of hoki and autumn:

Hoki

To return, to go back, to come back; ka hoki ki rá, go back there! ana oho koe ki Hiva, e hoki mai ki nei, if you go to the mainland, do come back here again. Vanaga.

1. Also, what; ki ra hoki, precisely there; pei ra hoki, similitude, likeness; pei ra hoki ta matou, usage. P Pau.: hokihoki, often. Mgv.: hoki, also, and, likewise. Mq.: hoi, surely. Ta.: hoi, also, likewise. 2. To return, to turn back, to draw back, to give back, to tack; mau e hoki mai, to lend; hoki hakahou, to carry back; hoki amuri, to retrograde; hakahoki, to bring back, to send back, to carry back, to restore, to renew, to revoke, to remove, to dismiss, to pay, to pardon, to compress; hakahokia, given up; hakahokihaga, obligation. P Pau.: hokihoki, to persist, to insist; fakahoki, to give back. Mgv.: hoki, to return, to retrace one's steps; oki, to return, to come back. Ta.: hoi, to return, to come back. Churchill.

Here next page in the glyph dictionary comes in naturally:

3. In the Polynesian symbolic system, we have found, both fingers and toes associate to fire (cfr the finger and toe nails of Mahuika). Sun (or in general: the celestial 'persons', hetu'u) deliver us light (an emanation from fire). In nature there must be circuits. Therefore the delivery of light from the sky ought to be compensated by an opposite flow of light (or its precursor) upwards. Possibly vae glyphs should be read with this idea in mind.

Hand signs are (in rongorongo texts) involved in a play of input and output of sun light, therefore also toes ought to be involved in this play. Limbs of trees are used as wood in fires; limbs in glyphs associate to fire. Not only are fires 'built' from wood, also canoes are built from wood:

... Ta.: 1. Timbers of a boat. Ha.: wae, knees, side timbers of a boat. 2. To share out. Sa.: vae, to divide, to share. Ma.: wawae, to divide ....

A myth from Tokelau (Oral Traditions) refers, symbolically, to the circuit of the sun (and all life). In one place pregnancy occurs, then follows a voyage by canoe, a turbulent sea, the father dies (drowns), and the mother swims and swims; arrives to a new island, gives birth to a child, given the name Taetagaloa.

Ta'e is a sign of negation, and the conclusion ought to be that the child is Tane. On the other hand the word can also be an 'interjection expressing admiration' (i.e. an intensifier), in which case Taetagaloa should be the true Tagaloa.

Then a mysterious golden plover (tuli = turi = knee, elbow etc) hovers above:

 

"There is a couple residing in one place named Kui and Fakataka. After the couple stay together for a while Fakataka is pregnant. So they go away because they wish to go to another place - they go. The canoe goes and goes, the wind roars, the sea churns, the canoe sinks. Kui expires while Fakataka swims. Fakataka swims and swims, reaching another land. She goes there and stays on the upraised reef in the freshwater pools on the reef, and there delivers her child, a boy child. She gives him the name Taetagaloa.

When the baby is born a golden plover flies over and alights upon the reef. (Kua fanau lā te pepe kae lele mai te tuli oi tū mai i te papa). And so the woman thus names various parts of the child beginning with the name 'the plover' (tuli): neck (tuliulu), elbow (tulilima), knee (tulivae). They go inland at the land. The child nursed and tended grows up, is able to go and play. Each day he now goes off a bit further away, moving some distance away from the house, and then returns to their house. So it goes on and the child is fully grown and goes to play far away from the place where they live. He goes over to where some work is being done by a father and son. Likāvaka is the name of the father - a canoe-builder, while his son is Kiukava. Taetagaloa goes right over there and steps forward to the stern of the canoe saying - his words are these: 'The canoe is crooked.' (kalo ki ama) Instantly Likāvaka is enraged at the words of the child. Likāvaka says: 'Who the hell are you to come and tell me that the canoe is crooked?' Taetagaloa replies: 'Come and stand over here and see that the canoe is crooked.' Likāvaka goes over and stands right at the place Taetagaloa told him to at the stern of the canoe. Looking forward, Taetagaloa is right, the canoe is crooked. He slices through all the lashings of the canoe to straighten the timbers. He realigns the timbers. First he must again position the supports, then place the timbers correctly in them, but Kuikava the son of Likāvaka goes over and stands upon one support. His father Likāvaka rushes right over and strikes his son Kuikava with his adze. Thus Kuikava dies. Taetagaloa goes over at once and brings the son of Likāvaka, Kuikava, back to life. Then he again aligns the supports correctly and helps Likāvaka in building the canoe. Working working it is finished."

According to Ogotemmêli the joints were not there in the beginning, they arrived as a result of contact with Mother Earth. The function of the tuli bird is similar, to give a reason for why the joints appeared when they reached the new land. Fact is, joints are not there until the celestial being reaches the horizon.

Fakataka swims and swims (Oti ai ia Kui ka kua kaukau ia Fakataka) in the ocean to the new island, while the divine smith comes from the sky. Water is both in the sky and in the ocean. On an island in Polynesia the horizon is not seen as lying straight out but seemingly located a bit upwards with the island as in a bowl.

The word kaukau ('swims and swims'), though, implies a horizontal 'frame of reference'.

Kaukau

1. Horizontal poles of a frame (of a hare paega, or a paina statue): he-hakatu'u te tama o te paina, he-kaukau, they erect the vertical poles of the paina then they lay upon them the horizontal ones. 2. Group of people: e-tahi tuitui reipá i Te Pei, ekó rava'a e-varu kaukau; i-garo ai i Hiva, i te kaiga, a necklace of mother-of-pearl is on te Pei, few will find it (lit: eight groups of people); it has remained in Hiva, in our homeland. 3. To go through, to pass through in unison; he-hogi-mai te ûka i te e'eo o te pua kaukau-á i roto ite hare, the girl smelt the fragrance of the pua wafting inside the house. 4. Newborn baby's first hand and feet movements (kaukau or kau). The five stages of a baby's development are: kaukau, puepe, tahuri, totoro, mahaga. Puepue = said of a newborn baby when, a few weeks old, it begins to distinguish people and objects: ku-puepue-á te poki. Tahuri = of a new-born baby, to move from side to side: ku-tahuri-á te poki. Totoro = to crawl; ki totoro te poki, when the baby crawls. Mahaga = baby when able to stand by itself. Vanaga.

The newborn baby on the reef can move his hands and feet. His joints function. When he is able to stand by himself (mahaga) he will go forward.

The 'island' ought to be formed like a rhomb:

I guess the rima and vae glyph types each represent two sides and a corner of this rhomb:

There are differences from the Egyptian concept, to be sure. To begin with, rima is a summer symbol (5 = hand → fingers → fire), while vae (as a consequence) should be a winter symbol.

The elbow in rima is a corner, a cardinal point. Likewise the knee in vae refers to a cardinal point. If we define rima as the summer half of the 'earth', then the elbow corresponds to summer solstice (and the knee in vae to winter solstice).

The Egyptian picture has protecting wings in north (left) and south (right), but leaves the path of the sun open from east (bottom) to west (top). On Easter Island the path of the sun also goes from east to west. The arm (rima) and leg (vae) ought to have the joints in north and south.

Not until now have I noticed how the sun symbol at the top of the beetle is off center, more towards south. Egypt lies north of the equator and more sun is in the south.

I have earlier hesitated to identify knee and elbow with the solstices - the cardinal points where the cours of the sun is quickly bent are the equinoxes. But there must be holes in east and west, therefore the joints presumably are the solstices.

What evidence is there? Immediately we should remember the Taranaki store house:

The roof is like an arm with elbow at the top, which we earlier have coordinated with summer solstice. 3 'fingers' are at left and 4 at right (at the western horizon). Rima has its hand (including thumb) in the west:

In the east there are only 3 'fingers' in the roof, likewise in the 'eating gesture'. There are 3 toes in a vae glyph. I suspect there is a connection between the 'eating gesture' and the lower part (below the knee) of the vae glyph.

rima vae Pa5-47
summer winter

During p.m. (as in Pa5-47) sun is growing, therefore a sign of eating. How do we know he is eating? Input it is, but not necessarily food.

Leaving that question for the moment - there are 4 'rhomb sides' in rima + vae, but one is different form the other three, viz. the bottom part of vae. It is ending in a kind of hook. The feet in vae glyphs are not very naturalistic, which probably means they represent a necessary sign.

I guess the feet are located in a phase when joints not yet (no longer) are present, they are what Ogotemmêli called 'flexible limbs like serpents'.

The 'daylight' is blown out at autumn equinox and in darkness eyes function poorly. The straight henua 'limbs' are no longer present. The opposite must be there - seasons like the bodies of serpents.

New year is born at winter solstice, the season of the serpents possibly arrives 3 quarters later.

When sun is growing (feeding) the first thought ought to be that he is 'refilling' from vaiora a Tane, because at new moon she is doing that in order to realight.

The concept of sunlight as a kind of healthy fluid as explained by Ogotemmêli:

... 'The life-force of the earth is water. God moulded the earth with water. Blood too he made out of water. Even in a stone there is this force, for there is moisture in everything. But if Nummo is water, it also produces copper. When the sky is overcast, the sun's rays may be seen materializing on the misty horizon. These rays, excreted by the spirits, are of copper and are light. They are water too, because they uphold the earth's moisture as it rises. The Pair excrete light, because they are also light ...

... 'The sun's rays,' he went on, 'are fire and the Nummo's excrement. It is the rays which give the sun its strength. It is the Nummo who gives life to this star, for the sun is in some sort a star.' It was difficult to get him to explain what he meant by this obscure statement. The Nazarene made more than one fruitless effort to understand this part of the cosmogony; he could not discover any chink or crack through which to apprehend its meaning.

He was moreover confronted with identifications which no European, that is, no average rational European, could admit. He felt himself humiliated, though not disagreeably so, at finding that his informant regarded fire and water as complementary, and not as opposites. The rays of light and heat draw the water up, and also cause it to descend again in the form of rain. That is all to the good. The movement created by this coming and going is a good thing. By means of the rays the Nummo draws out, and gives back the life-force. This movement indeed makes life.

The old man realized that he was now at a critical point. If the Nazarene did not understand this business of coming and going, he would not understand anything else. He wanted to say that what made life was not so much force as the movement of forces. He reverted to the idea of a universal shuttle service. 'The rays drink up the little waters of the earth, the shallow pools, making them rise, and then descend again in rain.' Then, leaving aside the question of water, he summed up his argument: 'To draw up and then return what one had drawn - that is the life of the world' ...

We should not hesitate to regard sunlight as a fluid. P.m. sun is drinking, not eating.

After all, even stoneage man could deduce that boiling water evaporated upwards into the sky. Later rain came down to close the cycle.

To quench a fire water is poured on top, steam results and the hot water in small particles rises upwards. This is a process which must in some way take place during winter, because so much hot 'fire' comes down during summer, with very little rain. The rain comes down in winter (generally seen), as if the celestial fire is being quenched.

This explains why all the eternal old myths has the old man drinking water, making him 'go away'. Fire and water are complementary.

The vae glyphs from knee down are possibly exhibiting the watery phase. It comes between new year and spring equinox, making it possible for sun to drink during p.m. It is, though, revitalizing him, not quenching him. Not sent to 'dull his reason'.

How can I write this in the glyph dictionary?