TRANSLATIONS

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The live animals are eye-catching creatures:

 

A lined chiton (Tonicella lineata) with head at left and tail end at right in the picture (Ref. Wikipedia). The animal invites to counting: 8 shells it has and the bright yellow spots are arranged with one at the head end and the 7 on each side = 15.

The empty shells are not half as beautiful and more reminiscent of the moon than the sun:

 

Wikipedia: "... Paua or pāua is the Māori name given to three species of large edible sea snails, marine gastropod molluscs which belong to the family Haliotidae (genus Haliotis), known in the USA as abalone, and in the UK as ormer shells ..."

English Etymology explains 'ormer' as derived from the Latin auris maris 'ear of the sea' because of the resemblance to the ear. I reflect on the use of ears in the dark (instead of the eyes), and the whispers of ghosts in sea shells.

The Maori name paua we have met before, 'curved', 'black and blue', 'consumed', 'finished', 'come to an end':

 

Pau

1. To run out (food, water): ekó pau te kai, te vai, is said when there is an abundance of food or water, and there is no fear of running out. Puna pau, a small natural well near the quarry where the 'hats' (pukao) were made; it was so called because only a little water could be drawn from it every day and it ran dry very soon. 2. Va'e pau, clubfoot. Paupau:  Curved. Vanaga.

1. Hakapau, to pierce (cf. takapau, to thrust into). Pau.: pau, a cut, a wound, bruised, black and blue. 2. Resin. Mq.: epau, resin. Ta.: tepau, gum, pitch, resin. (Paupau) Hakapaupau, grimace, ironry, to grin. 3. Paura (powder), gunpowder. 4. Pau.: paupau, breathless. Ta.: paupau, id. 5. Ta.: pau, consumed, expended. Sa.: pau, to come to an end. Ma.: pau, finished. 6. Ta.: pau, to wet one another. Mq.: pau, to moisten. Churchill.

The explorers landed at Haga Te Pau, at winter solstice (He Maro 1 according to Barthel 2) in the sacred geography of the island. The empty (pau) sea shell presumably alludes to the expended (pau) 2nd half of the year.

Let us now continue with the long series of pages from the hyperlink 'Excursion':

 

The three mauga glyphs to be investigated (and there are no more in this calendar) are:
Eb2-13 Eb4-4 Eb5-11

The central of them (Eb4-4) has only one 'eye', the other two glyphs have two. Otherwise they are, generally seen, of the same type (disregarding the additional signs).

None of them agree with the standard mauga (which is without 'eyes' and has a closed border line):

The meaning, therefore, cannot be the same in the triplet to be investigated.

The numbers in the top line are the period numbers (totally 24 in this calendar, probably covering a year - one period for half a month):
1 55 11 48 19
17
Eb1-37 Eb2-13 Eb4-4 Eb5-11
1 19 75 124

The numbers in the bottom line are the ordinal numbers counted from the beginning of the calendar. The numbers inserted between the glyphs are the number of glyphs in the interval between the glyphs.

Eb4-4 is not located at the midpoint of the calendar (with a total of 167 glyphs), which otherwise could have been a natural choice if it marked summer solstice (= winter solstice north of the equator).

We can expand the table to the end of the calendar:
1 55 11 48 19 43 24
18
Eb2-13 Eb4-4 Eb5-11 Eb6-19
19 75 124 167

The odd number 167 indicates that we cannot stop there - it would be unlucky to end a calendar with an odd number.

If we take Eb4-4 to be a midpoint (still guessing the glyph is marking summer solstice), then we should continue to glyph number 150 to see if we can find any confirmation of the midpoint:
1 55 11 48 19 25 24 16 24
18
Eb2-13 Eb4-4 Eb5-11 Eb6-2 Eb6-19
19 75 124 150 167

The sign of maro (at right in Eb6-2) is promising. It means 'final' and the word occurs e.g. in He Maro the last month of the year (June).

Taking a closer look at the glyphs around Eb6-2 we find what evidently is a description of the end of the year:

Eb5-35 Eb6-1 Eb6-2 Eb6-3 Eb6-4 Eb6-5
148 149 150 0 1 2

Eb6-1 probably pictures the emptiness (in the calendar) between the end of one calendar year and the next, between the old 'king' and the new one. No ruler means no orders, i.e., disorder.

The new light appears in Eb6-3, which we recognize from the K calendar, where Ka3-15 is the 1st glyph in the 1st period of the new year:

Ka3-14 Ka3-15 Ka3-16
0 1 2
We have thereby 'proven' that Eb4-4 is indeed marking the middle (of the year or of the calendar).

150 is an even number, therefore the middle is represented by two glyphs, with 74 glyphs before the pair and 74 after:

1st half 2nd half
74 47 25 17
Eb4-4 Eb4-5 Eb5-11 Eb6-2
75 76 124 150
0 1 49 75

Eb4-5 is the 1st glyph of the 2nd half and we can start counting anew from there. Before Eb5-11 there are 48 glyphs and after 43.

Once again an odd number (43) suggests we cannot stop. It would be unlucky to end at the last glyph in the 24th period. A mauga glyph ought to mark the end of a cycle, and we should therefore start to count anew from Eb5-12:

2nd half
48 24 16
Eb5-11 Eb5-12 Eb6-2 Eb6-19
0 1 26 43
We can be fairly confident we need to count furter on, and as we move in a cycle, the next mauga glyph turns out to be the 1st one (in period 1):
48 24 16 17
Eb5-11 Eb5-12 Eb6-2 Eb6-19 Eb1-37 Eb2-13
0 1 26 43 44 62

62 is not an odd number, but what does it mean? We have moved more than a cycle around from Eb1-37. Let us therefore count from the beginning again:

48 24 16 17
Eb5-11 Eb5-12 Eb6-2 Eb6-19 Eb1-37 Eb2-13
- - - - 1 19
124 125 150 167 168 186

186 is a reasonable number. It can be regarded as 180 + 6, indicating how 6 glyphs are outside the regular calendar.

Two important points so far:

1. There is one mauga glyph in the center, probably marking summer solstice:

1 beginning of 1st half
75 end of 1st half
76 (1) beginning of 2nd half
150 (75) end of the 2nd half

2. The mauga glyphs mark the end of a season and they are followed by glyphs including henua, introducing a new season:

Eb4-4 Eb4-5
Eb5-11 Eb5-12
Eb2-13 Eb2-14

Red here means the first season of the year and black the last season.

The 'eating hand' sign presumably means 'growing', and that is a natural sign to put into the first glyphs of a season (as in Eb4-5 and Eb5-12). But in the last season the 'eating hand' is in the same glyph as mauga. Possibly it is there in order to show what is 'finished' (according to the closed elbow ornament), viz. the 'growing' stage, and we then should read pau.

I investigate if Metoro used the word pau anywhere in his readings (at Eb2-13 he did not: tagata oho - ki moto vaero tae). Only at 4 glyphs was that word used:

Ca8-5 Ca12-24 Cb7-23 Eb4-28
kua pau koia te vae paupau tagata ka pau ku hakapau hia

Here we immediately note 12-24 and a special variant of vae (which we must remember, because the next 'chapter' in the glyph dictionary is vae). The ordinal numbers agree with vae paupau (= 'definitely finished going', I guess).

Next we note that the other three glyphs belong to the glyph type tagata rere.

And then, in Eb4-28 (4 * 28 = 112 as in - we remember - the mama glyph Eb5-19) we can see a fully drawn elbow ornament connected to a hand oriented upwards (not a kai hand). The location, in the 16th period, evidently marks the final of summer (and 112 = 16 * 7):

16
Eb4-28 Eb4-29 Eb4-30 Eb4-31
ku hakapau hia te henua te henua kiore - henua
24 25 26 27
99 100 101 102

Counting beyond the last glyph of the 1st half (the 'light' mauga in Eb4-4) Eb4-29 (the summer henua) will be number 25, counting from the beginning (the 1st glyph in the 1st period) it will be number 100.

Hand held high, oriented upwards, possibly means summer. Although it could, alternatively, here refer to the 3rd quarter of the year. Hand towards mouth (eating sign) ought first of all refer to the 1st and 2nd quarters, I think.

In Eb2-13 the eating sign seems to have a more general meaning: 'no more life', 'no more growing'.

Another reflection is how an 'eating' (growing) henua indicates the beginning of a season, not only the spring season (rather the opposite, because the two examples arriving immediately beyong the 'light' mauga and the 'moon' mauga' are not located in spring).

This type of glyph is rare. Searching through all henua glyphs (so far documented in the glyph catalogue) I find only these examples of henua + arm worthy of mentioning:

 

Aa1-86 Aa4-32 Aa4-40 Aa7-75 Aa7-76
Ab1-29 Ab2-49 Ab4-31 Ab5-70 Ab8-83
Ba6-19 Bb4-2 Bb4-23 Bb5-10 Bb8-21 Bb8-22
Ca6-3 Ca6-6 Ca6-10 Ca6-16 Ca9-16 Ca14-207
Ea9-25 Eb1-32 Eb4-5 Eb5-12 Eb6-35 Eb6-36 Eb8-3
Ab2-49 and Ab4-31 are reversed compared to Eb4-5 and Eb5-12.
Gb5-17 Gb5-22 Kb5-102 Kb5-304