TRANSLATIONS

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Interlude:

On Hawaii, at the time of Captain Cook, there was a mock-battle between the king and Lono (the god of vegetation, Rogo).

... At the Hawaiian annual [annular, annullation] ceremony of this type, the Makahiki ('Year'), the lost god cum legendary king returns to take possession of the land. Circulating the island to collect the offerings of the people, he leaves in his train scenes of mock battle and popular celebration.

At the end of the god's progress, the Hawaiians perform a version of the Fijian installation ceremonies. The reigning king comes in from the sea to be met by attendants of the returned popular god hurling spears, one of which is caused to symbolically reach its mark. Thus killed by the god, the king enters the temple to sacrifice to him and welcome him to 'the land of us-two'.

Yet the death of the king is also the moment of his reascension, and in the end it is the god who is sacrificed. Just as the provisional king of carnival must eventually suffer execution, the image of the returned god is soon after dismantled, bound, and hidden away - a rite watched over by the ceremonial double (or human god) of the king, one of whose titles is 'Death is Near'. Thereupon, the real usurper, the constituted king, resumes his normal business of human sacrifice ...

While rereading 'Kapten Cooks död' it strikes me that the spears hurled at the king by attendants of the 'popular god' (i.e. Lono = Rogo), could be the reason for depicting autumn equinox with the vero ('spear' etc) glyph type.

The king (like the sun) must leave at fall. Yet the king (but not the sun) lives on, it was just a mock death, while sun is definitely leaving (for the northern hemisphere).

A common ancestry between the Hawaiians and the Easter Islanders would certify the same structural ideas.

With Hawaii north of the equator the new year ceremonies will take place around 21 December, but on Easter Island it will then be midsummer. Maybe vero in Eb4-2 refers to the spears being hurled on Hawaii:

Eb4-2 Eb4-3 Eb4-4 Eb4-5 Eb4-6
te vero te henua toko tokoga te henua - e rima te kiore - te henua

On Easter Island they could have retained a very ancient custom of connecting vero with atumn equinox:

... A connection between the new year and the harvesting of crops reminiscent of an earlier period when the evening appearance of the Pleiades in the east more nearly coincided with the arrival of the Sun at the autumnal equinox is seen in the prolonged Hawaiian ceremonies ushering in the new year. For in the month September-October, while the old year still had two months to run, announcement was made to the people by placing a certain signal outside the temple walls that the new year had begun ...

10 months for the sun and then 2 additional ones to cover the rest of the year, I think. But that implies 12 months (or 13 counting lunar ones) for the year - if the new year begins in autumn and reaches to autumn. There must be to kinds of years, because another type (which we are used to) begins and ends around midwinter.

While sifting through what I may have written already about this subject I notice that the star of Hawaii is Aldebaran:

... Thus the mariner traveling north or south on the earth knew when he had arrived at the latitude of his destination by noting when a particular star passed overhead during the night. Having carefully studied the directions of winds and waves during the voyage, he knew whether he had arrived at a point east or west of his objective and could steer his course accordingly along a parallel of latitude, providing the wind was not against him. The association of the star Aldebaran with Hawaii thus becomes clear. Situated 16º north of the equator Aldebaran passes 3º or 4º south of the zenith of Hawaii and can therefore be used for determining the latitude when a correction is applied for the slight difference. A thousand years ago Aldebaran was situated 2º farther south than at present ...

The two extreme points of Polynesia coincide with the two major season markers. This may be the main reason for enumerating Ana-mua and Ana-muri first:

1

Ana-mua, entrance pillar

Antares, α Scorpii

-26° 19'  16h 26

Rapa Nui

2

Ana-muri, rear pillar (at the foot of which was the place for tattooing)

Aldebaran, α Tauri

16° 25'  04h 33

Hawaii

3

Ana-roto, middle pillar

Spica, α Virginis

-10° 54'  13h 23

Marquesas

4

Ana-tipu, upper-side-pillar (where the guards stood)

Dubhe, α Ursae Majoris

62° 01'  11h 01

5

Ana-heu-heu-po, the pillar where debates were held

Alphard, α Hydrae

-08° 26'  09h 25

6

Ana-tahua-taata-metua-te-tupu-mavae, a pillar to stand by

Arcturus, α Bootis

19° 27'  14h 13

7

Ana-tahua-vahine-o-toa-te-manava, pillar for elocution

Procyon, α Canis Minoris

05° 21'  07h 37

8

Ana-varu, pillar to sit by

Betelgeuse, α Orionis

07° 24'  05h 52

9

Ana-iva, pillar of exit

Phaed, γ Ursae Majoris

53° 58'  11h 51

Haida Gwaii

10

Ana-nia, pillar-to-fish-by

North Star, α Ursae Minoris

89° 02'  01h 49

Haida Gwaii (Queen Charlotte Island) is located ca 53º N and the pillar of exit ought to be paired together with the pillar of entrance. Is this an allusion to exit from 'Hiva' and entrance on Easter Island? Number 9 implies Hiva, and a person from the American mainland is called tagata Hiva.

Where is Sirius (Tahiti)? Its location is at -16º 39' 06h 43:

 01h 49 10

Ana-nia, pillar-to-fish-by

North Star, α Ursae Minoris  
04h 33 2

Ana-muri, rear pillar (at the foot of which was the place for tattooing)

Aldebaran, α Tauri

Hawaii
05h 52 8

Ana-varu, pillar to sit by

Betelgeuse, α Orionis

 
06h 43 - - Sirius, α Canis Majoris Tahiti
07h 37 7

Ana-tahua-vahine-o-toa-te-manava, pillar for elocution

Procyon, α Canis Minoris

 
 09h 25 5

Ana-heu-heu-po, the pillar where debates were held

Alphard, α Hydrae

 
11h 01 4

Ana-tipu, upper-side-pillar (where the guards stood)

Dubhe, α Ursae Majoris

 
11h 51 9

Ana-iva, pillar of exit

Phaed, γ Ursae Majoris

Haida Gwaii
13h 23 3

Ana-roto, middle pillar

Spica, α Virginis

Marquesas
14h 13 6

Ana-tahua-taata-metua-te-tupu-mavae, a pillar to stand by

Arcturus, α Bootis

 
16h 26 1

Ana-mua, entrance pillar

Antares, α Scorpii

Rapa Nui

Are all Polynesian islands located under stars defined not only by a declination corresponding to latitude but also with a rectascension in the interval 1h - 16h?

Another reflection from rereading 'Kapten Cooks död' regards the two different directions in which Lono (Captain Cook) on the one hand and 'akua poko' ('the short god', an image resembling the effigy of Lono) on the other hand travelled around the island.

The image of Lono (and the ship of Captain Cook) moved with the sun, i.e. a circuit to the right, and the right arm of the image should point towards the center of the island. The other image, representing akua poko (Lono was akua loa - the long god) moved withershins, i.e. a circuit to the left.

The meaning of a left circuit was 'to loose the kingdom', while the right circuit meant to take or maintain the kingdom, he must be like the sun.

To go against the sun meant to loose the kingdom. A king must move with the sun or he will loose his kingdom, I think.

When Makoi moved right around Easter Island he did the right thing - or? The sun moves in the opposite direction south of the equator. It moves from right to left (given that we face him).

The kuhane of Hau Maka may have done the right thing, moving in a left circuit to take possession of the island.

The kuhane was a female person and she should move with the moon (i.e. in the opposite direction compared with the sun). But south of the equator the Moon moves from left to right.

Maybe to take possession of an island south of the equator you have to move from left to right because it is the moon who rules, not the sun.

The main place list in Manuscript E describes the localities named by the kuhane. She moved leftwards and the number of localities (28) may be a compromise between sun and moon (the number of sunlit moon nights in a month).