TRANSLATIONS
When sun is in 'land of the spirits', in Hiva, during the dark time of the year, he is present here only as a 'mummy' - a dry non-living image of the true person. He is dry like an insect and his abode is somewhere abroad in the sky, in a region to which only the spiritis of the dead are able to go. The opposite of the 'dry insect' (takaúre) is the 'turtle' (hônu), a real and very wet person nearly impossible to cook properly. Water runs downwards and the turtle must represent the world of the sea (upon which our world is resting like a canoe).
Regarded from this viewpoint, the insertion of a quarter beyond midsummer in the calendar surely must represent land (henua). But there is a basic flaw in the order in the table above - land should be the last item. First there was nothing but sea, then sky separated from the sea and only as a final step of the evolution did land rise up from the sea:
The creator of G should have begin with the sea, but he did not. Maybe the sea (the underworld) is too dark - a calendar needs light and light comes from the sky. Therefore he must begin with the sky. Where does sea end (haga hônu) and sky begin? A clue is delivered in Manuscript E: ... Again they went on and reached Hanga Hoonu. They saw it, looked around, and gave the name 'Hanga Hoonu A Hau Maka'. On the same day, when they had reached the Bay of Turtles, they made camp and rested. They all saw the fish that were there, that were present in large numbers - Ah! Then they all went into the water, moved toward the shore, and threw the fish (with their hands) onto the dry land. There were great numbers (? ka-mea-ro) of fish. There were tutuhi, paparava, and tahe mata pukupuku. Those were the three kinds of fish. After they had thrown the fish on the beach, Ira said, 'Make a fire and prepare the fish!' When he saw that there was no fire, Ira said, 'One of you go and bring the fire from Hanga Te Pau!' One of the young men went to the fire, took the fire and provisions (from the boat), turned around, and went back to Hanga Hoonu. When he arrived there, he sat down. They prepared the fish in the fire on the flat rocks, cooked them, and ate until they were completely satisfied. Then they gave the name 'The rock, where (the fish) were prepared in the fire with makoi (fruit of Thespesia populnea?) belongs to Ira' (Te Papa Tunu Makoi A Ira). They remained in Hanga Hoonu for five days ... They had to go back to Hanga Te Pau to fetch fire, i.e. there is no fire beyond that station, and fire returns at Hanga Hoonu. We must mark Hanga Te Pau on our map:
The distance between Hanga Te Pau and Hanga Takaure is 190 glyphs, the perfect measure for absent sun (10 periods with mummified sun). The true sun will then return and his dry 'insect' image will be tucked away. Hanga Hoonu is not at Ga4-2, it rather marks the return of the sun light in the sky. The explorers were at the edge of the water, at the opposite end of summer. In order to reach a dry mummy-like state for the sun water must be avoided. Even his body fluids must be drained away. According to our map above sun cannot be seen at Gb3-30 and at Gb5-12 his head will be taken care of by the care-takers. The beginning of the takaure season apparently begins earlier:
Is that a problem? The 'land of spirits' could stretch from Gb2-34 to the end of side b because there are 182 glyphs from Gb2-34 to the end of side b:
182 is the measure of two ordinary quarters (91). There will then be 3 quarters (182 + 1 + 84 + 1 = 268 glyphs) for the takaure season, in a way symmetric with the 3 quarters for the sun counted from new year to the beginning of the 4th quarter. But counted with the sun instead of with the moon the takaure season will stretch for 182 days (from Gb2-34 to the end of side b), equal to the number of days from new year to midsummer. If Gb2-34 marks Hanga Hoonu, then the explorers would have to go a very long distance back to reach Hanga Te Pau:
Hanga Hoonu seems to be located 2 months beyond the beginning of the 2nd half of the calendar. If we calculate Hanga Te Pau to be located just a bit more than 2 months later (24 + 45 = 69), it appears easier to go forward in time to fetch the fire than going backwards in time (a feat seemingly equally impossible as going forward). With 192 days absence, from Gb5-12 up to and including Ga4-2, sun will be present during 364 - 192 = 172 days (= 4 * 43 days):
The sun calendar - as suggested here - does not care about where Hanga Hoonu is located. Hanga Takaure is important, but not Hanga Hoonu (a threatening watery place). |