next page previous page table of contents home

The last (10th) Tahitian star pillar (ana) was Polaris, and this was a place to fish by:

1

Ana-mua, entrance pillar

Antares, α Scorpii

2

Ana-muri, rear pillar (at the foot of which was the place for tattooing)

Aldebaran, α Tauri

3

Ana-roto, middle pillar

Spica, α Virginis

4

Ana-tipu, upper-side-pillar (where the guards stood)

Dubhe, α Ursae Majoris

5

Ana-heu-heu-po, the pillar where debates were held

Alphard, α Hydrae

6

Ana-tahua-taata-metua-te-tupu-mavae, a pillar to stand by

Arcturus, α Bootis

7

Ana-tahua-vahine-o-toa-te-manava, pillar for elocution

Procyon, α Canis Minoris

8

Ana-varu, pillar to sit by

Betelgeuze, α Orionis

9

Ana-iva, pillar of exit

Phakt, α Columbae

10

Ana-nia, pillar-to-fish-by

North Star, α Ursae Minoris

Antares α Scorpii 1.06 26° 19′ S 16h 26m 249.1

Aldebaran

α Tauri

0.87

16° 25′ N

04h 33m

68.2

Spica α Virginis 0.98 10° 54′ S 13h 23m 202.7

Dubhe

α Ursa Majoris 1.81 62° 01′ N 11h 01m 166.7

Alphard

α Hydrae 1.99 08° 26′ S 09h 25m 142.3
Arcturus α Bootis -0.05 19° 27′ N 14h 13m 215.4

Procyon

α Canis Minoris 0.34 05° 21′ N 07h 37m 114.9

Betelgeuze

α Orionis

0.58

07° 24′ N

05h 52m

88.3

Phakt

α Columbae

2.65

34º 06' S

05h 38m 84.7
Polaris α Ursae Minoris 1.97 89º 02' N 01h 49m 26.6

If new land was to be fished up from the site of Polaris, then there seems to be a good agreement with the structure in the C text, because here Polaris was at the last glyph on side a of the tablet.

225

28

Ca5-31 (136)

Ca5-32

Ca13-20 (363)

Ca14-29 (392)

TALITHA AUSTR (*136)

9h (*137.0)

DZANEB (*362)

POLARIS (*392 -  *366)

21h (*319.6)

DRAMASA (*320.0)

PHEKDA (*179)

BENETNASH (*391 - *183)

256 = 16 * 16 = 227 + 29

Then would follow 4 more days in order to reach Hamal (α at the crown of Aries):

29 10 3 17 255
Gb6-26 (408) Gb7-28 Gb8-8 Gb8-12 Gb8-30 Gb2-1 (256)
Sirrah (0h) Hamal (*30) Bharani Algol (*45) Hyadum I Dramasa
64 256 (= 4 * 64)

Cb1-1 Cb1-2 Cb1-3 Cb1-4 (396)
E tupu - ki roto o te hau tea ki te henua - te maro

Al Sharatain-1 / Ashvini-1 / Bond-16 (Dog) / Mahrū-sha-rishu-ku-1 (Front of the Head of Ku)

SEGIN = ε Cassiopeia, MESARTHIM = γ Arietis, ψ Phoenicis (27.2), SHERATAN (Pair of Signs) = β Arietis, φ Phoenicis (27.4)

*351.0 = *27.4 - *41.4
ι Arietis (28.0), λ Arietis (28.2), υ Ceti (28.8)

ALRISHA (The Knot) = α Piscium, χ Phoenicis (29.2), ε Trianguli (29.4), ALAMAK (Caracal) = γ Andromedae (29.7)

*353.0 = *29.4 - *41.4

Arku-sha-rishu-ku-2 (Back of the Head of Ku)

2h (30.4)

κ Arietis (30.3), HAMAL (Sheep) = α Arietis (30.5)

ALKES (α Crateris)

*354.0 = *30.4 - *41.4
April 17 (107) 18 19 (80 + 29) 20
'March 21 (80) 22 23 24

... The present limit of the celestial polar regions can be defined from the declination of the star γ Andromedae ... Its current place is at declination 42º 05' N. In other words the measure across the polar regions should be 2 * (90º - 42º 05') = 2 * 47º 55' = 95º 50' or around 96º. The width of the polar regions is thus around 2 * 96º = 192º and 360 - 192 = 168 = 2 * 84 (→ Julian spring equinox).

... In Babylonia the constellation [Triangulum] was named Apin and it included Alamak (γ Andromedae):

... This is Alamac in the Alfonsine Tables and 1515 Almagest; Riccioli's Alamak; Flamsteed's Alamech; now Almach, Almak, Alamaack, and Almaac or Almaak; all from Al 'Anāk al 'Ard, a small predatory animal of Arabia, similar to a badger, and popularly known there as Al Barīd. Scaliger's conjecture that it is from Al Mauk, the Buskin, although likely enough for a star marking the left foot of Andromeda, is not accepted; for Ulug Beg, a century and a half previously, as well as Al Tizini and the Arabic globes before him, gave it the animal's name in full. But the propriety of such a designation here is not obvious in connection with Andromeda, and would indicate that it belonged to very early Arab astronomy ...

... Gamma Andromedae ... is the third brightest star in the constellation of Andromeda. It is also known by the traditional name Almach (also spelt as Almaach, Almaack, Almak, Almaak, or Alamak), from the Arabic العناق الأرض al-‘anāq al-’arđ ... 'the caracal' (desert lynx). Another term for this star used by medieval astronomers writing in Arabic was آلرخل المسلسلة Al Rijl al Musalsalah 'the Woman's Foot'. In Chinese, 天大將軍 (Tiān Dà Jiāng Jūn), meaning Heaven's Great General, refers to an asterism consisting of γ Andromedae, φ Persei, 51 Andromedae, 49 Andromedae, χ Andromedae, υ Andromedae, τ Andromedae, 56 Andromedae, β Trianguli, γ Trianguli and δ Trianguli. Consequently, γ Andromedae itself is known as 天大將軍一 (Tiān Dà Jiāng Jūn yī, English: the First Star of Heaven's Great General.) In the catalogue of stars in the Calendarium of Al Achsasi al Mouakket, this star was designated جمس ألنعامة Khamis al Naamat, which was translated into Latin as Quinta Struthionum, meaning the fifth ostrich ...

... The name 'lynx' originated in Middle English via Latin from Greek word 'λύγξ', derived from the Indo-European root '*leuk-', meaning 'light, brightness' ...

... Caracal ... feline animal of N. Africa ... F. or Sp. caracal - Turk. qarahqulaq, f. qarah black + qulak ear ...

... In the description of the Babylonian zodiac given in the clay tablets known as the MUL.APIN, the constellation now known as Aries was the final station along the ecliptic. It was known as MULLÚ.UN.GÁ, 'The Agrarian Worker'. The MUL.APIN is held to have been compiled in the 12th or 11th century BCE, but it reflects a tradition which takes the Pleiades as marking vernal equinox, which was the case with some precision at the beginning of the Middle Bronze Age (early 3rd millennium BCE). In later Babylonian tradition, the name of the constellation changes to MULUDU.NITÁ 'ram'. The motive for the name change is unknown. John H. Rogers suggests that the 'Agrarian Worker' became the 'Ram' via association with the legendary figure of Dumuzi the Shepherd. Gavin White suggests that the sumerogram LÚ 'man' may have come to be understood as Akkadian lu 'sheep'.

Aries only rose to its prominent position as the leading sign of the zodiac in the Neo-Babylonian (7th century BCE) revision of the Babylonian zodiac, as Hamal (α Ari) came to be located close to the point of vernal equinox. In Hellenistic astrology, the constellation of Aries is associated with the golden ram of Greek mythology that rescued Phrixos on orders from Mercury, taking him to the land of Colchis. Phrixos sacrificed the ram to the gods and hung its skin in a temple, where it was known as the Golden Fleece. The Golden Fleece was then stolen by Jason and the Argonauts ...

... The Symplegades ... or Clashing Rocks, also known as the Cyanean Rocks, were, according to Greek mythology, a pair of rocks at the Bosphorus that clashed together randomly. They were defeated by Jason and the Argonauts, who would have been lost and killed by the rocks except for Phineus' advice. Jason let a dove fly between the rocks; it lost only its tail feathers. The Argonauts rowed mightily to get through and lost only part of the stern ornament. After that, the Symplegades stopped moving permanently ...

... The Argonauts, with the Golden Fleece on board, had to pass the Symplegades, the clashing rocks. Once a ship with its crew came through unharmed - so the 'blessed ones' (makaroi) had decided long ago - the Symplegades would stay fixed, and be clashing rocks no longer. After that 'accepting the novel laws of the fixed earth', they should 'offer an easy passage to all ships, once thay had learnt defeat'. This is only one station on the long 'opening travel' of the Argonauts transporting the Golden Fleece (of a ram), undertaken in all probability to introduce the Age of Aries, but it demonstrates best the relevant point, namely, 'the novel laws' ...