E:42

Ira gave the name 'Apina Nui A Papa Nihoniho A Vere Nuanua A Papa O Rae' to the neck of the figure of Hinariru.

Nua. 1. Mother; this seems a more ancient word than matu'a poreko. 2. Blanket, clothing, cape formerly made from fibres of the mahute tree. Vanaga. Cloak T. Churchill. Nu'a 1. Thick; piled one on top of the other, as leis, mats, or ocean swells; heaped; lush, thick-growing; much traveled, as a road; multitude, as of people, mass. Also hānu'a. Moena kumu nu'a, a sleeping mat made thick at one end to serve as a head rest; lit. 'mat piled beginning'. Nu'a moena, a heap of mats. Nu'a kanaka, many people. Haki nu'a ka uahi i ke kai, the spray breaks in masses in the sea. Ka nu'a o ka palai, the thick clump of palai ferns. Ho'o nu'a, to heap up; to give generously and continuously; to indulge, as a child; surging, rising in swells, as the sea. 2. A kind of seaweed. Nu'a-kea, a goddess of lactation. Wehewehe.

Nuahine. 1. Old woman. 2. Ko te Nuahine ká umu a ragi kotekote, ancient name of 'the woman in the moon' inspired by the resemblance of its landscape with the likeness of a woman sitting, lighting the fire of her oven. Vanaga. Nuehine. Old woman. Churchill. "[Englert 1948, 165:] '... se selia nombrar Ko te Nuahine káumu à rangi kote kote que significa: La vieja que enciende el curanto en el cielo kotekote. Puedo haber sido una personificación de la luna porque las viejos decían, comentando este nombre, que no es una montaña que seve en la luna, sino una mujer anciana que está suntada [sentada?] al lado un gran curanto umu pae (de piedras en circulo)." (Barthel)

Ira took [he too mai] the string (hau) for making string-figures (kaikai) in order to introduce [uru mo hakamaa] Makoi to the game and help him gain knowledge of the content (urunga) of the string-figures.

E:43

... string games could be resumed after it was clear that the Sun had managed to leave the horizon and was rapidly gaining in altitude: 'Before the sun starts to leave the horizon ... when it shows only on the horizon, ... then string games were no longer allowed as they might lacerate the sun. Once the sun had started to go higher and could be seen in its entirety, string games could be resumed, if one so wished. So the restriction on playing string games was only applicable during the period between the sun's return and its rising fully above the horizon ...

[Two stone statues, erua moai, of Tuu Hokorua:] (1) Ko Apina Iti ko Rapa Kura.

...

E:46

'Yours is the morning shadow' [ata popohanga toou] refers to an area in Ata Hero where the house of Ricardo Hero is now located. 'Yours is the evening shadow' [ata ahiahi toou] belongs to a 'turtle' [honu].

'Apina Nui A Papa Nihoniho A Vere Nuanua A Papa O Rae' was the neck [te ngao] of the figure of Hinariru.

Vere. 1. Beard, moustache (vede G); vere gutu, moustache; verevere, shaggy, hairy, tow, oakum. Mgv.: veri, bristly, shaggy, chafed (of a cord long in use). Mq.: veevee, tentacles. Ta.: verevere, eyelash. 2. To weed (ka-veri-mai, pick, cut-grass T); verevere, to weed. P Mgv.: vere, to weed. Mq.: veéveé, vavee, id. 3. Verega, fruitful, valuable; verega kore, unfruitful, valueless, contemptible, vain, futile, frivolous; tae verega, insignificant, valueless; mataku verega kore, scruple. Mgv.: verega, a design put into execution; one who is apte, useful, having a knowledge how to do things. 4. Ta.: verevere, pudenda muliebria. Ma.: werewere, id. (labia minora). Churchill. Sa.: apungaleveleve, apongaleveleve, a spider, a web. To.: kaleveleve, a large spider. Fu.: kaleveleve, a spider, a web. Niuē: kaleveleve, a cobweb. Nukuoro: halaneveneve, a spider. Uvea: kaleveleve, a spider. Mgv.: pungaverevere, a spider. Pau.: pungaverevere, cloth. Mg.: pungaverevere, a cobweb. Ta.: puaverevere, id. Mao.: pungawerewere, puawerewere, puwerewere, a spider. Ha.: punawelewele, a spider, a web. Mq.: pukaveevee, punaveevee, id. Vi.: lawa, a fishing net; viritālawalawa, a cobweb; butalawalawa, a spider. Churchill 2.

Nua. 1. Mother; this seems a more ancient word than matu'a poreko. 2. Blanket, clothing, cape formerly made from fibres of the mahute tree. Vanaga. Cloak T. Churchill. Nu'a 1. Thick; piled one on top of the other, as leis, mats, or ocean swells; heaped; lush, thick-growing; much traveled, as a road; multitude, as of people, mass. Also hānu'a. Moena kumu nu'a, a sleeping mat made thick at one end to serve as a head rest; lit. 'mat piled beginning'. Nu'a moena, a heap of mats. Nu'a kanaka, many people. Haki nu'a ka uahi i ke kai, the spray breaks in masses in the sea. Ka nu'a o ka palai, the thick clump of palai ferns. Ho'o nu'a, to heap up; to give generously and continuously; to indulge, as a child; surging, rising in swells, as the sea. 2. A kind of seaweed. Nu'a-kea, a goddess of lactation. Wehewehe.

... hakatautau, to append. P Pau.: fakatautau, to hang up. Mq.: tautau, id. Ta.: faatautau, id. ... kau-kau, to take counsel, to resolve, to chide, to reprove, to explain, make clear ... tau-tau, to hang, hang up ...

Pau. 1. To run out (food, water): ekó pau te kai, te vai, is said when there is an abundance of food or water, and there is no fear of running out. Puna pau, a small natural well near the quarry where the 'hats' (pukao) were made; it was so called because only a little water could be drawn from it every day and it ran dry very soon. 2. Va'e pau, clubfoot. Paupau:  Curved. Vanaga. 1. Hakapau, to pierce (cf. takapau, to thrust into). Pau.: pau, a cut, a wound, bruised, black and blue. 2. Resin. Mq.: epau, resin. Ta.: tepau, gum, pitch, resin. (Paupau) Hakapaupau, grimace, ironry, to grin. 3. Paura (powder), gunpowder. 4. Pau.: paupau, breathless. Ta.: paupau, id. 5. Ta.: pau, consumed, expended. Sa.: pau, to come to an end. Ma.: pau, finished. 6. Ta.: pau, to wet one another. Mq.: pau, to moisten. Churchill. Paua or pāua is the Māori name given to three species of large edible sea snails, marine gastropod molluscs which belong to the family Haliotidae (genus Haliotis), known in the USA as abalone, and in the UK as ormer shells ... Wikipedia

Ira asked [he ui a Ira], 'How many are you?' [hokohia koe]. He answered, 'There were two of us' [hokorua Maua]. Ira continued asking, 'Where is [hē] he (the other)?' To that he answered, 'The one died.' [ku mate ana]

Again Ira asked, 'Who has died?' [koai i mate] He replied, 'That was Te Ohiro A Te Runu.'

Ira asked anew [he ui hokoou], 'And who are you?' [koai koe] He answered [he ki mai], 'Nga Tavake A Te Rona'.

Rona. Figure made of wood, or stone, or painted, representing a bird, a birdman, a lizard, etc. Vanaga. Drawing, traction. Pau.: ronarona, to pull one another about. Churchill. While the rongorongo signs (rona) are generally 'carved out, incised' (motu), ta implies an incision ('cutting, beating') as well as the process of applying signs to the surface with the aid of a dye ... RAP. rona means primarily 'sign' (an individual sign in the Rongorongo script or a painted or carved sign made on a firm background, such as a petroglyph), but also 'sculpture' (made from wood or stone, representing animals of hybrid creatures) ... rona (lona) implies the idea of 'maintaining a straight line' with ropes and nets and also the maintaining of a steady course (in MAO. and TUA.). Te Rona is the name of a star in TUA., which Makemson (1941:251) derives from the mythical figure of 'Rona', who is connected with the moon and is considered to be the father of (the moon goddess) Hina (for this role in MAO., see Tregear 1891:423). From west Polynesia come totally different meanings. Interesting perhaps is FIJ. lona, 'to wonder what one is to eat, fasting for the dead.' ... Barthel 2

Thus Nga Tavake a te Rona (the Sign) could have referred to Pollux (Polydeuces), whereas the existence of the mortal Castor (Beaver) could have been only inferred.

Runu. To take, to grab with the hand; to receive, to welcome someone in one's home. Ko Timoteo Pakarati ku-runu-rivariva-á ki a au i toona hare, Timoteo Pakarati received me well in his house. Runurunu, iterative of runu: to take continuously, to collect. Vanaga. 1. To pluck, to pick, a burden. 2. A substitute; runurunu, a representative. Churchill.

E:47

There were two of us, hokorua Maua (E:46), ought to mean this pair was in Front, presumably Gemini at the beginning of the equinoctial year, the 'Canoes' Nga Waka. The Maori word for 'the front of' is mua and this is used as a term to describe the past, that is, Nga wa o mua or the time in front of us. Likewise, the word for the back is muri which is a term that is used for the future. Thus the past is in front of us, it is known; the future is behind us, unknown. The point of this is that our ancestors always had their backs to the future with their eyes firmly on the past.

Vaka. Canoe, small boat; vaka ama, outrigger canoe. Vaka-ivi, graves under ahu which hold skeletons (lit. 'bone canoe'). Vaka-ure, to lay foundation stones in the outline of a canoe (e.g. for hare paenga); nowadays used in the more general sense, without reference to a special shape of outline. Vanaga. Canoe, boat, bateau, shallop, barge. Vakapoepoe (vaka - poepoe) boat. P Pau.: vaka, canoe. Mgv.: vaka, canoe, raft. Mq.: vaka, canoe. Ta.: vaa, canoe, boat. Vakavaka, narrow. Mq.: vakavaka, vaávaá, small, fine, thin. Churchill.

Possibly there is a wordplay on matua (father, as in Hotu A Matua), intended to convey the sense of how at that ancient time it was not king Hotu who stood at the equinox but king Tavake.

Tava. Tavatava, pale. Tavake, sea bird, white, with rosy tail; its feathers were used to decorate hats and belts. Vanaga. Mgv.: A shellfish. To.: tava-amanu, id. Tavake, a seabird with a long red tail. Mq.: toavake, toae, the tropic bird. Sa.: tava'e, id. Ta.: Tavare, to trick, to dupe. Mq.: tavae, to cajole, to flatter. Ma.: taware, to dupe, to fool.. Mq.: Tavatava, a fish. Sa.: tavatava, id. Ha.: kawakawa, id. Churchill. Tavari, the plant Polygonum acuminatum grows on the crater lakes in close association with rushes and seems to have been used for medicinal purposes. Barthel 2.

Once they had arrived there, Ira stayed for one month [etahi marama].

... Fish are actually unable to close their eyes, and the fact that 'when the fish sleeps it does not close its eyes' was noticed by ancient Indians. The dot-in-a-circle similar to that occuring among the trefoils of the Harappan priest-king's robe is identical with the eye of the many small hare- and fish-shaped amulets discovered on the lower levels of Harappa ...

Kiore. Rat. Vanaga. Rat, mouse; kiore hiva, rabbit. P Pau., Mgv.: kiore, rat, mouse. Mq.: kioē, íoé, id. Ta.: iore, id. Churchill.

Lapu, s. Haw., ghost, apparition of some one dead, night-monster; lapu-lapu, v. to collect together in small heaps, to pick up, as sticks for a faggot; lapu-wale, lit. 'only a ghost', nothing substantial, foolish, worthless; akua-lapu, a spectre. N. Zeal., rapu, to search for. Tah., rapu, ta-rapu, to mix together, squeeze, scratch, be in confusion. Fiji, ravu, to kill, smash, break. Sanskr., ribhu, i.e., rabh-u (Benfey), name of certain deities; according to Pictet, good spirits in the Vedic mythology; rabh, to seize, to take; rabhas, zeal. Lat., rabies, rage, frenzy. Welsh, rhaib, fascination; rheibus, a sorcerer, a witch. Touching the Sanskrit rbhu, Pictet (Orig. Ind.-Eur., ii. 607) says: 'Leur nom comme adjectif, signifie habile, adroit, inventif, et, comme substantif, artisan habile surtout à forger et à construire des chars. Il dérive de la rac. rabh, temere, ægere, avec à préf., ordiri, incipere. Cf. rbhva, rbhvan, hardi, entreprenant, adroit. Lassen, le premier, a rapproché de rbhu le Grec 'Ορφευς, tout en avouant que les traditions relatives au chantre thrace n'offrent aucun rapport avec celles du Rigveda. Kuhn adopte ce rapprochement, en cherchant dans les Elfes de Germanie, grand amateurs de musique et de chant, un châinon qui relie Orphée aux rbhus de l'Inde. Si l'on part, en effet, d'une forme arbh = rabh, dont le dérivé rbhu serait un affaiblissement, il devient facile d'y rattacher, avec Kuhn, , le scand. älfr, ags. ælf, anc. all. alp, &c., nom d'une classe d'esprits qui tiennent une grande place dans la mythologie du Nord, et les superstitions populair de l'Allemagne et de l'Angleterre. Leurs attributs sont plus variés que ceux de leurs confrères de l'Inde, et leur sphère d'action est plus étendue. Ils se divisent en plusieurs classes, les blancs, les noirs, les gris, les bruns, suivant leur caractère bon ou malin; les une beaux et grandieux, les autres laids et difformes. Ces derniers se confondent plus ou moins avec les nains, dvergar, qui se rapprochent des rbhus par leur habileté comme artisans et forgerons. D'un autre côté, les Alfar lumineux que habitent l'air, et qui se plaisent à la musique et à la dance, ressemblent mieux aux Maruts indiens, génies de l'air qui, à leur tour, s'identifient par plusieurs points avec les rbhus. On voit ainsi qu'un fond commun de croyances, simple à son origine, s'est développé plus tard dans plusieurs directions chez les Indiens et les Germains.' And also with the Polynesians. Fornander.

Raparenga came, and Ira taught him the verse. This [Penei]  was the verse he was taught: 'There are eight lands [evaru kainga]. One has been discovered [etahi i ravaa], namely, the little piece of earth (te pito o te kainga).

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E:48

Kupega. He-tá i te kupega, to weave (a net). Hopu kupega, those who help the motuha o te hopu kupega in handling the fishing nets. Huki kupega, pole attached to the poop from which the fishing-net is suspended. Mata kupega, mesh. Te matu'a o te kupega, part of a net from which the weaving started. Te puapua kupega, the upper part of a fishing net. Tau kupega, rope from which is hung the oval net used in ature fishing. Tuku kupega, a fishing technique: two men drag along the top of a fishing net doubled up, spread out on the bottom of a small cove, trapping the fish into the net. Vanaga.

Pua. 1. A zingiberacea (plant of which few specimens are left on the island). 2. Flower: pua ti, ti flower, pua taro, taro flower, pua maúku pasture flower; pua nakonako, a plant which grows on steep slopes and produce red, edible berries. 3. Pua tariga (or perhaps pu'a tariga), anciently, hoops put in earlobes. 4. The nanue fish when young and tender. Puapua, summit, top, upper part; te puapua o te maúga, the top of the mountain; te puapua kupega, the upper part of a fishing net. Vanaga. Pu'a. 1. (Modern form of pu'o), to cover up something or oneself, to put on; ka-pu'a te ha'u, put on your hat; ka-pu'a-mai te nua, cover me up with a blanket. 2. To respond to the song of the first group of singers; to sing the antistrophe; he-pu'a te tai. 3. To help; ka-pu'a toou rima ki a Timo ite aga, help Timothy with the work. 4. Pu'a-hare, to help a relative in war or in any need; ka-oho, ka-pu'a-hare korua, ko ga kope, go, give your relative a hand, lads. 5. To speak out in someone's favour; e pu'a-mai toou re'o kia au, speak in my favour, intercede for me. Pu'apu'a, to hit, to beat. Vanaga. 1. Flower, ginger, soap; pua mouku, grass. 2. To grease, to coat with tar, to pitch; pua ei meamea, to make yellow. Puapua, a piece of cloth. Mgv.: pua, a flower, turmeric, starchy matter of the turmeric and hence soap. Mq.: pua, a flower, soap. Ta.: pua, id. Ma.: puapua, cloth wrapped about the arm. Churchill.

Pei. Grooves, still visible on the steep slopes of some hills, anciently used as toboggans. People used to slide down them seated on banana-tree barks. This pastime, very popular, was called pei-âmo. Vanaga. Like, as; pei ra, thus, like that; such, the same as; pei na, thus, like that; pei ra ta matou, proverb; pei ra hoki, likeness, similitude; pei ra tau, system; pei ra hoki ta matou, usage. PS Sa.: pei, thus. This is particuarly interesting as preserving one of the primordial speech elements. It is a composite, pe as, and i as demonstrative expressive of that which is within sight; therefore the locution signifies clearly as-this. Churchill. Mgv.: To juggle balls. Ta.: pei, id. Mq.: pei, id. Peiaha, jaws, gills of fish. Ta.: peihaha, peiha, gills. Ma.: piha, id.  Peipei, to approach. Churchill.

Varu. 1. To cut one's hair (te puoko). 2. To shave. 3. To paint, to put on make-up: he varu te kiea. Varu a-roto, to have diarrhoea. Vanaga. 1. Eight. 2. To shave, to remove the beard, to shear, to clip, to rasp, a plane. Varuvaru, to peel, to remove the bark, to plane, to scrape, to shear. Churchill.

Kaukau. 1. Horizontal poles of a frame (of a hare paega, or a paina statue): he-hakatu'u te tama o te paina, he-kaukau, they erect the vertical poles of the paina then they lay upon them the horizontal ones. 2. Group of people: e-tahi tuitui reipá i Te Pei, ekó rava'a e-varu kaukau; i-garo ai i Hiva, i te kaiga, a necklace of mother-of-pearl is on te Pei, few will find it (lit: eight groups of people); it has remained in Hiva, in our homeland. 3. To go through, to pass through in unison; he-hogi-mai te ûka i te e'eo o te pua kaukau-á i roto ite hare, the girl smelt the fragrance of the pua wafting inside the house. 4. Newborn baby's first hand and feet movements (kaukau or kau). The five stages of a baby's development are: kaukau, puepe, tahuri, totoro, mahaga. Puepue = said of a newborn baby when, a few weeks old, it begins to distinguish people and objects: ku-puepue-á te poki. Tahuri = of a new-born baby, to move from side to side: ku-tahuri-á te poki. Totoro = to crawl; ki totoro te poki, when the baby crawls. Mahaga = baby when able to stand by itself. Vanaga.

Ki. To, towards (a place, a person); after (time); for, in order to ...  Vanaga. Kî. To say, to speak; word, language; will, wish (verbally expressed): e-hakarogo koe ki te kî o toou matu'a, obey you father's will. Vanaga. 1. In, toward, to, for, at; ki ra, there; ki ra hoki, exactly there; ki aho, outside; ki roto, within, into, inside, among. 2. In order that. 3. To say, to speak, to chat, to pronounce, to respond; argument, conversation, description, doctrine, expression, word, relation; ki veveveve, voluble; ki vaiapuga, nonsense, to speak much and say nothing; ki ihoiho, to speak forcefully. Churchill.

Ro. 1. Of, concerning. 2. Yet, nevertheless, still; kakore ro, our; ka kikiu ro, to importune (? no). Churchill.

Tini. To be at the zenith: ku-tini-á te raá; middle of a journey, of a period of time; te tini o te raá, the middle of the day. Vanaga. 1. A great number, innumerable, infinite, indefinite. Tinitini, million, billion. T Pau.: tinitini, innumerable. Mgv.: tini, a countless number, infinite. Mq.: tini, id. Ta.: tini, numerous. 2. Raa tini, noon; tini po, midnight; te tini te raa, zenith; topa tini, abortion. Churchill. Kina, s. Haw., an indefinitely great number; specifically equal to 40,000 or 10 manu; a train of followers; kini-kini, s. a multitude; na kini akua, innumerable spririts. N. Zeal., tini, many, a crowd, 10,000. Tah., tini, innumerable. Sam., tino, ten in counting men; tino-lua, twenty. Marqu., tini, much, many times, multiplied. Fiji., tini, ten. Ceram. (Camarian), tinein, ten. In view of the permutation of l and n, not uncommon in the Greek as well in other Aryan branches, it is possible that this Polynesian word refers itself to χιλι-ασ, a thousand, generally an indefinite but large number,  χιλι-οι, a thousand, of which lexicographers give no etymon, and which seems to stand alone without kindred in the West Aryan dialects. Fornander.

Ira replied [he ki mai] to Raparenga, 'Up there, on the top of that flat rock (papa), at the place [i te kona] where we rode the waves.'

Raparenga said to Ira, 'Let's return (there) to see (the figure)!'

Ira replied, 'Oh (no), let's leave it alone [aā e moe ana].

Papa. 1. Underground rock; motionless; rocky sea bottom; large flat stone; figuratively: tagata papa important man, author of great works. 2. Wooden plank currently used much like a surf-board in the sport called garu; it was formerly called papa gaatu mo te garu, because it was made from dry totora leaves woven into the shape of a plank. 3. To line up things side by side on a flat surface, for instance, to line up fish on top of a flat stone. Vanaga. Shoulderblade. Papapapa, a chill, to shiver, to tremble, to shudder. Churchill.

... After he had made these male images Tu'u ko ihu fell asleep and dreamed of two women. Their names were Pa'apa ahiro and Pa'apa akirangi. In his dream he saw that they were hiding their Things with their hands, they were covering them with their fingers; therefore as soon as it was daylight he got up and carved two flat images exactly like those women ...

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