Tori 4

E: 4

Hahata = open up [E:19]. He-hahata te ava o te henua, a crevice opened in the ground. Ka hahata ro te pu = after the hole was deep enough ... [E:34].

The Rat was put down into the pit - he hakatopa i te kioe.ki raro ki te rua.

... In China, with Capricornus, Pisces, and a part of Sagittarius, it [Aquarius] constituted the early Serpent, or Turtle, Tien Yuen; and later was known as Hiuen Ying, the Dark Warrior and Hero, or Darkly Flourishing One, the Hiuen Wu, or Hiuen Heaou, of the Han dynasty, which Dupuis gave as Hiven Mao. It was a symbol of the emperor Tchoun Hin, in whose reign was a great deluge; but after the Jesuits came in it became Paou Ping, the Precious Vase. It contained three of the sieu, and headed the list of zodiac signs as the Rat, which in the far East was the ideograph for 'water', and still so remains in the almanacs of Central Asia, Cochin China, and Japan ...

Hakarere ki raro, to put down.

Hâgai. To feed. Poki hâgai, adopted child. Vanaga. To feed, to nourish, foster-parent (agai); hagai ei u, to suckle. P Pau.: fagai, to feed, to maintain, to support. Mgv.: agai, to nurse, to nurture, to give food to, an adoptive or foster father; akaagai, to feed. Mq.: hakai, to feed. Ta.: faaai, to nourish, a foster-parent. Churchill.

Hai: 1. With (instrumental). 2. To, towards. He oho hai kona hare, to go home. He oho hai kona hagu, mo kai, to go where there is food to eat. 3. Give me: hai kumara, give me some sweet potatoes. Ha'i: 1.To give, to deliver, to hand over. 2. To carry under the armpit. 3. To hug, to embrace. 4. To wrap up; parcel, packet. Ha'iga, armpit. Haîara, to guide, to direct (someone). Ka haîara koe i taaku poki ki te kona rivariva, guide my son to a good spot. Vanaga. 1. To wrap up, to make into parcels, to envelop; food tied up in bundles (ai). PS Sa.: sai, a tightly bound bundle. To.: haihai, to tie up in a bundle. Fu.: sai, to tie; saisaiga, a bundle. Niuē: hai, to tie fast. 2. To carry, to transport. Ta.: afai, to carry an object, to transport; afafai, capable of carrying a heavy burden, to carry here and there. 3. To be in heat, to copulate, to embrace; concupiscence, fornication, impurity; lascivious, impure (ai). P Ta.: ai, to copulate. Haiga, armpit. PS Sa.: fa'iga, a joint. Haipo, heart; haipo rahirahi, shortness of breath. Mq.: houpo, heart. Haite (ha causative, ite) numeral. Churchill. Pau.: haifa, virile, manly. Ta.: aiaha, a brave young warrior. Churchill. Mgv.: hai, a fish. Ta.: fai, the stingray. Mq.: fai, hai, id. Sa.: fai, id. Ma.: whai, id. Haihai, evening (metathetic). Sa.: afiafi, id. Churchill.

Kumara. Sweet potato. The main varieties are: kumara pita, kumara rega moe tahi uriuri, kumara rega moe-tahi teatea, kumara rega vî'e, kumara aro piro, kumara paka taero, kumara ariga rikiriki, kumara uriuri, kumara ûka teatea, kumara ure omo, kumara ha'u pú, kumara ure omo uriuri. Vanaga. Sweet potato. P Pau., Mgv.: kumara, id. Mq.: kumaá, id. Ta.: umara, umaa, id. Churchill.

(Where) he fostered (nourished) the Sweet Potato (?) - he hangai.hai kumara.

Ai, aai 1. Who: interrogative pronoun used in place of koai te mee...: Aai i-tu'u-mai-nei, e-haúru-ró-ana au? = Koai te mee i-tu'u-mai-nei, e-haúru-ró-ana au? Who is it who came here when I was sleeping? 2. Whose: genitive pronoun. Vanaga. 1. (Ko ai) Who, which. 2. Then. 3. Consequence. 4. (Hai). Churchill.

Ka. Particle of the affirmative imperative, of cardinal numerals, of independent ordinal numerals, and of emphatic exclamation, e.g. ka-maitaki! how nice! Vanaga. Ká. 1. To light a fire in order to cook in the earth oven (see umu): he-ká i te umu, he-ká i te kai. 2. Figuratively: to fire up the soul. To put oneself in a fury (with manava): ku-ká-á toona manava he has become furious. Vanaga. 1. Of  T. 2. Imperative sign; ka oho, ka tere, ka ea, begone!; ka ko iha, a greeting T; ka mou, hush; ka oho, goodbye. 3. Infinitive sign; mea meitaki ka rava, a thing good to take; ka harai kia mea, to accompany. 4. A prefix which forms ordinals from cardinals. 5. The dawning of the day. 6. Different (? ke). Churchill.

Hoa. 1. Master, owner; tagata hoa papaku, owner or relative of a dead; hoa manu, 'bird master', that is, he who received the first egg at the annual festivals in Orongo; he to'o mai e te hoa manu i te mamari ki toona rima, he ma'u, he hoko, the 'bird master' receives the egg in his hand and carries it, dancing. 2.Friend, companion: e ga hoa ê! 3. To cast away, to throw away, to abandon, perhaps also to expel. 4. To confess a sin; he hoa i te ta'u: term used of a category of rongorongo boards (see ta'u). Vanaga. 1. Friend; repa hoa, friend (male), comrade, companion, fellow; to confide; repa hoa titika, faithful friend; garu hoa, friend (either sex); uha hoa, friend (female); hoa kona, native T. 2. To abandon, to debark, to cast, to launch, to anchor, to let go, to give up, to reject, to repudiate, to suppress, to cut off, to jerk out, to proscribe, to reprove; hoahoa, to upset, to destroy. Churchill.

No. Just, only, merely, still; ka-oho-nó, just go! e-tahi nó i-ora-ai, only one survived; e-haúru-nó-á, he is still sleeping; e-aga nó, he just works (i.e. he always works). Vanaga. 1. Of (na); no te mea, because (of the thing); no te ragi, celestial (of the sky); no ira, wherefore (of that). 2. Intensive; hakapee no kai hoao, abundance; riva no iti, convalescence; haga no iti, to plot mischief; hare itiiti no, hut; no mai, intensive, spontaneously; tuhi no mai, to accuse; hiri tahaga no mai, to go on without stopping; topa tahaga no mai, wholly unexpected. 3. Exclusive, unique, that and naught else; gutu no, vain words; noho no, stay-at-home, apathy. Churchill.

Thus by (ai) the dawn (ka) wholly (no) suppressed (hoa) (?)- ai ka hoa no.

Raa. Sun; day; i te raá nei, today; raá îka, good day for fishing. Vanaga. 1. Sun. 2. Day. 3. Time. 4. Name of sub-tribe. Fischer. Te manu i te raá = comet. Barthel. '... The substitution of the sun for the sail, both of which are called ra or raa in Polynesia, is a remarkable feature in Easter Island art ... ' Heyerdahl 3. 1. The sun; raa ea mai, raa puneki, sunrise; raa tini, raa toa, noon. P Mgv., Ta.: ra, the sun. Mq.: a, id. 2. Day, date; a raa nei a, to-day, now; raa i mua, day before. P Mgv., Ta.: ra, a day. Mq.: a, id. Churchill. '... The chief thus makes his appearance at Lakeba from the sea, as a stranger to the land. Disembarking at the capital village of Tubou, he is led first to the chiefly house (vale levu) and next day to the central ceremonial ground (raaraa) of the island ...' (Islands of History) Ta.: toraaraa, to raise up. Churchill 2. LA, s. Haw., sun, light, day. N. Zeal., ra, sun, day. Marqu., a, id. Sam., la, id. Deriv.: Haw., lae, be light, clear, shining; lai, shining as the surface of the sea, calm, still; laelae and lailai, intens. Sam., lelei, something very good; lala, to shine; lalangi, to broil. Fiji., rai, to see, appear; rai-rai, a seer, a prophet. Teor., la, sun. Aru Islands, lara, id.; rarie, bright, shining. Amblaw., laei, sun, day. Irish, la, lae, day. Laghmani (Cabul), la'e, day. Sanskr., laj, lanj, to appear, shine; râj, to shine. Ved., to govern; s. a king. If, as Benfey intimates, the Sanskrit verb bhrâj, to shine, to beam, is 'probably abhi-râj', an already Vedic contraction, then the Polynesian root-word al and lae will reappear in several of the West Aryan dialects. Lat., flagrare, flamma, flamen. Greek, φλεγω, φλοξ. A.-Sax., blac, blæcan, &c. Probably the universal Polynesian lani, langi, rangi, ra'i, lanits (Malg.) designating the upper air, sky, heaven, and an epithet of chiefs, refers itself to the same original la, lai, lanj, referred to above, to which also be referred: Welsh, glan, clean pure, bright, holy. Sax. clæne, clean, pure. Swed., ren, clean. pure; grann (?), fine, elegant. It may be noted in connection with this word, either as a coincidence or as an instance of ancient connection, that in the old Chaldean the name of the sun and of the Supreme Deity was Ra, and that in Egypt the sun was also named Ra. LA², s. Haw., Sam., Tong., ra. N. Zeal., the sail of a canoe; abbreviated from, or itself an older form of, the Fiji. laca, a sail, also the mats from which the sails were made. Sunda., Mal., layar, sail. Malg., laï, sail, tent, flag. Sanskr., lâta (Pictet), a cloth; latâ (Benfey), a creeper, a plant; lak-taka, a rag. As mats and clothing in primitive times were made of bark or flexible plants, the connection between the Sanskrit latâ and Polynesian laca, la, becomes intelligible. Armen., lôtig, a mantle. Lat., lodix, a blanket. Irish, lothar, clothing. Fornander.

(in order to) 'raise up' (toraaraa) sweet potatoes (?) - i te kumara.te raa te raa.

(When) a month had gone by - he tuu ki te tahi mamara

Ku. Verbal prefix, used for past events the effects of which are still lasting. The verb then takes the suffix -ana which is very often contracted to -á . In familiar conversation the prefix -ku is often omitted and only the suffix -á is used. Vanaga. 1. I; kia ku, me. 2. Verb sign: ku ohoa, to keep out of the way, absence; ku higaa, convinced; ku taie te tai, to overflow, to go beyond; ku magaro, to reconcile. 3. ? tae he mau ku hoao, abundance. 4. Akaku, to be moved, affected; hakaku, to groan. Mgv.: ku, an exclamation, a cry used when one has hit the mark aimed at. Mq.: ú, an exclamation of sorrow. 5. Gaoku, to eat greedily. Mgv.: ku, to be satiated, glutted. Churchill. KU, v. Haw., to rise up, stand, let go, let fall, hit, strike against, resist; ku-e, to oppose, resist; ku-i, to pound, beat, knock; ku'-u, let go, loosen, put down; ku-ku, to strike, beat, stand up, be high, excel; ku-a, to strike horizontally, to cut down, as trees, to fell, throw away. N. Zeal., tu, stand; tuki, beat, knock; tuku, allow, permit. Sam., tu, stand up, arise, to take place, come to pass; s. a custom, habit; tu-i, to thump, beat, pound; s. a blow with the fist, a curse; tu'ia, to strike, as the foot against a stone; tu'i-fao, a blacksmith (mod.), lit. a pounder of nails; tu'u, to place, appoint, permit, let go, set free, cut down, desist. Tah., tu, stand erect, to fit, agree; tu-a, to cut, to rest or wait; tu-e, to impel, strike with the foot, hit against; tu'e-tu'e, to oppose; tu-i, to butt, strike, smite; tutu, to strike, beat; tu'u, let go, dismiss, yield. Fiji, tu, to stand; tuki, beat, knock; tuku, let go, slack up: Sunda, tutut, loose, slack. The same dialectical variations in form and sense obtain through all the Polynesian groups. Two original conceptions seem to have attatched themselves to the Polynesian root-word ku, tu, viz., (1.) 'To rise, stand, be prominent'; (2.) 'To strike, put down, let go.' The West Aryan relatives of this Polynesian ku, tu, appear to have confined themselves to the second conception of the word, 'to strike, put down, let go', although the probably oldest of these forms, the Vedic tu, bears the general sense 'to be powerful'. To mention but a few of these Aryan correlatives, we find - Sanskr., tu (Ved.), be powerful, to increase, to hurt; tuy and tunj, to strike, push, abide, give or take; tud, to strike, sting; tund, be active; tup, tump, tumbh, to hurt, kill; khud (Ved.), kshud, to push, to pound. Lat., cudo, strike, beat, sting; incus, an anvil; tundo (tutudi), to beat, strike, pound; tussis, a cough; tueor, guard, watch, keep; tutus, safe; tuber, tumor, tumulus; stupeo, be stunned, benumbed. Greek, τυπος, a blow; τυπτω, έτυπτον, to beat, strike; τυλη, τυλος, a knot or callus, a lump, hump, knob, a cushion; τυλυγμα, a wheal, swelling: Liddell and Scott refer this latter to Sanskrit tu. Goth., stautan, to strike, smite. Germ., stossen. Dutch, stooten. Benfey (Sanskr.-Engl. Dict.) s. v. Tud, considers that the Gothic has retained an original s, which the Sanskrit and the other dialects have lost. With all due deference to so great authority, yet, if Professor Max Müller is correct, that the oldest forms of Aryan speech consisted of open syllables of one consonant and one vowel, or of one vowel, and judging from the analogy of the Polynesian, I should look upon all prefixes and suffixes to a simple root or stem as of later growth, and hence that the s in question, like the s in stupeo, indicates a later period than that when tu or tup were used to express the sense of striking, beating, stunning. Anc. Slav., kuti or kowati, a smith. Lith., kujis, a hammer; kauti, to fight. Fornander.

Piere. Thousand; ka-piere, ka-piere, thousands and thousands (meaning: many, lots and lots). Vanaga. 1. A thousand, a great number. 2. Resin (? Fr.: brai); piere hiva, tar, pitch; akui ei piere hiva, to tar. Hakapierehiva, to tar. Churchill.

Ana. 1. Cave. 2. If. 3. Verbal prefix: he-ra'e ana-unu au i te raau, first I drank the medicine. Vanaga. 1. Cave, grotto, hole in the rock. 2. In order that, if. 3. Particle (na 5); garo atu ana, formerly; mee koe ana te ariki, the Lord be with thee. PS Sa.: na, an intensive postpositive particle. Anake, unique. T Pau.: anake, unique, to be alone. Mgv.: anake, alone, single, only, solely. Mq.: anake, anaé, id. Ta.: anae, all, each, alone, unique. Anakena, July. Ananake, common, together, entire, entirely, at once, all, general, unanimous, universal, without distinction, whole, a company; piri mai te tagata ananake, public; kite aro o te mautagata ananake, public; mea ananake, impartial; koona ananake, everywhere. Churchill. Splendor; a name applied in the Society Islands to ten conspicious stars which served as pillars of the sky. Ana appears to be related to the Tuamotuan ngana-ia, 'the heavens'. Henry translates ana as aster, star. The Tahitian conception of the sky as resting on ten star pillars is unique and is doubtless connected with their cosmos of ten heavens. The Hawaiians placed a pillar (kukulu) at the four corners of the earth after Egyptian fashion; while the Maori and Moriori considered a single great central pillar as sufficient to hold up the heavens. It may be recalled that the Moriori Sky-propper built up a single pillar by placing ten posts one on top of the other. Makemson.

Na. Ná, here; ná ku-tomo-á te miro, the boat has arrived here. Vanaga. 1. When, as soon as (ga). Mgv.: na, because, seeing that, whereas. 2. The, that, some, any, certain (ga); pei na, thus, like that. P Mq.: na, the (plural). Ta.: na, id. 3. Of. P Pau.: na, of, belonging to. Mgv.: na, of, by, on account of. Mq.: na, of, by, for, on the part of.Ta.: na, of, by, for. 4. ? possessive; na mea, to belong to (? his thing). Mgv.: na, him, of him, to him. Ta.: na, he, his, him. 5. (ana 2); i muri oo na, to accompany. Churchill.

Kiore. Rat. Vanaga. Rat, mouse; kiore hiva, rabbit. P Pau., Mgv.: kiore, rat, mouse. Mq.: kioē, íoé, id. Ta.: iore, id. Churchill.

Oti perceived lots and lots of rats (they had multiplied) -  he ui.a Oti.ku piere.ana.te kioe.

Five lines of Easter Island script (of unknown origin) plus the name Vaka.a Tea hiva.

(The Eighth Land, p. 290.)

Hetu 1. To (make) sound; figuratively: famous, renowned. 2. To crumble into embers (of a bonfire). Hetu'u. Star, planet; hetu'u popohaga morning star; hetu'u ahiahi evening star; hetu'u viri meteorite. Vanaga. Hetu 1. Star (heetuu); hetu rere, meteor; hetu pupura, planet. P Pau.: hetu, star. Mgv.: etu, id. Mq.: fetu, hetu, id. Ta.: fetu, fetia, id. The alternative form fetia in Tahiti, now the only one in common use, need not be regarded as an anomaly in mutation. It seems to derive from Paumotu fetika, a planet. Its introduction into Tahiti is due to the fashion of accepting Paumotu vocables which arose when the house of Pomare came into power. 2. Capital letter (? he tu). 3. To amuse. 4. To stamp the feet. Hetuhetu, to calk, to strike the water. Hetuke, sea urchin. Churchill.

Kio. 1. Defeated; one who has taken refuge in a house or in a cave. 2. To come out a winner, to win, to be victorious in war, in a quarrel, in a race: ku-kio-á te taûa i a Miru, the war was won by the Miru; ku-kio-á te toru vaka, the third boat won. Kiokio, to smell of smoke, to smell smoky (of food). Vanaga. 1. Stick wherewith to rake things into a heap. 2. Slave, servant, inferior, of low estate, husbandsman. Hakakio, to enslave, to reduce to subjection; tagata hakakio, master. Mgv.: kio, a servant, slave, tiller of the soil. 3. To discourage; also kioa. Kiokio, foul smelling smoke. Mgv.: kio, kiohe, to extinguish, to put out a light. 4. Pau.: kiokio, to chirp. Mgv.: kio, id. Ta.: ioio, to cry, said of a baby. Mq.: kiokio, to chirp. Sa.: 'io, id. Ha.: ioio, id. 5. Mgv.: kio, little, small, said of birds and animals. Mq.: kio, young of birds. 6. Mgv.: kiokio, a fish. Mq.: kiokio, id. 7. Mq.: kio, said of women and children who run away to the mountain shelters in time of war. Ha.: kio, to flee, to hasten away in fear. Churchill. Hakakio, festival of thanksgiving. Barthel 2.

Ore. 1. Ha., ole, to speak through the throat, guttural, or through a trumpet; name of a large sea-shell; ole-ole, talk thickly or indistinctly, as one angry or scolding, to grin like the idols; olo, to be loud, as  a sound, as a voice of wailing; olo-olo, intens. to roar, rush, as the sound of waters. Sam., ole, to ask, to beg; olo, to ooo as a dove; faa-olo, to whistle for the wind. Ta., oro-io, to grieve to death; ta-oro-oro, make a noise, rumble at the bowels. To., kole, to beg. Fiji., kodrau, to squeal; qolou, to shout. 2. Ha., ole, the eye-tooth, name of a fish; ole-ole, to make notches in anything, to dovetail two pieces together. Ta., ore-ore, the teeth of sharks or of the ono fish. Fornander.

Kore. To lack, to be missing; without (something normally expected), -less; ana kore te úa, ina he vai when rain lacks there is no water: vî'e kenu kore, woman without a husband, i.e. widowed or abandoned by her husband. Vanaga. Not, without (koe); e kore, no, not; kore no, nothing, zero; kore noa, never, none; hakakore, to annul, to nullify, to annihilate, to abrogate, to acquit, to atone, to expiate, to suppress, a grudge. T Pau.: kore, not, without. Mgv.: kore, nothing, not, without, deprived of; akakore, to destroy, to annihilate. Mq.: kore, koé, óé, nothing, not, finished, done, dead, destroyed, annihilated, without. Ta.: ore, no, not, without. Korega, nothing, naught. Churchill.

Oti became famous for being fearless (?) - he haka.hetu. a Oti.i taana.kiōe (kio-ore).

Garo. 1. To disappear, to become lost. He tere, he garo. He ran away and disappeared. He û'i te Ariki, ku garo á te kaíga i te vai kava. The king saw that the land had disappeared in the sea. I te ahiahi-ata he garo te raá ki raro ki te vai kava. In the evening the sun disappears under the sea. Ku garo á te kupu o te tai i a au. I have forgotten the words of the song (lit. the words of the song have become lost to me). Ina koe ekó garo. Don't disappear (i.e. don't go), or: don't get lost on the way.  2. Hidden. Te mana'u garo, hidden thoughts. Kona garo o te tagata, 'people's hidden places': pudenda. Vanaga. To disappear, to stray, to omit, to lose oneself, to pass, absent, to founder, to drown, to sink; garo noa, to go away forever, to be rare; garo atu ana, formerly. Hakagaro, to cover with water; hakagaro te rakerakega, to pardon. Garoa, loss, absence, to be away, to drown, not comprehended, unitelligible. Garoaga, setting; garoaga raa, sunset, west. Garoraa, the sun half-set. Garovukua, to swallow up. Churchill.

... Then King Matua said to Hotu, 'You must not forget [he mee o rehu] the flies [te takaure] when you take along (all the things that are necessary) and sail off. If you forget the flies [ana rehu i a koe te takaure], the multitude (piere) of the people will disappear [he ngaro tou piere]. When you reach the land [ana tomo ki runga.ki tou kainga] to which you are travelling [ena koe ka oho], it will be over quickly (?) for the multitude of the people. When the flies die [ana moko te ihu o te takaure], the human population dies too [he moko tokoa te ihu o tou piere tangata].' [E:57]

Taga. 1. Act, business, anecdote; taga poki, anecdote, nonsense, story, puerile, childish. 2. Sack. PS Sa., Fu., Niuē, Viti: taga, a bag. To.: taga, the colon; tagai, a sack. Churchill.

... There is a couple residing in one place named Kui [Tui] and Fakataka [Hakataka]. After the couple stay together for a while Fakataka is pregnant. So they go away because they wish to go to another place - they go. The canoe goes and goes, the wind roars, the sea churns, the canoe sinks. Kui expires while Fakataka swims. Fakataka swims and swims, reaching another land. She goes there and stays on the upraised reef in the freshwater pools on the reef, and there delivers her child, a boy child. She gives him the name Taetagaloa. When the baby is born a golden plover flies over and alights upon the reef. (Kua fanau lā te pepe kae lele mai te tuli oi tū mai i te papa). And so the woman thus names various parts of the child beginning with the name 'the plover' (tuli): neck (tuliulu), elbow (tulilima), knee (tulivae) ...

... I knew of two men who lived in another settlement on the Noatak river. They did not believe in the spirit of the string figures, but said they originated from two stars, agguk, which are visible only when the sun has returned after the winter night. One of these men was inside a dance-house when a flood of mist poured in ... His two companions rapidly made and unmade the figure 'Two Labrets', an action intended to drive away the spirit of the string figures, uttering the usual formula ... but the mist kept pouring in ...

Tori 5

E: 5

Ika. 1. Fish. 2. In some cases, animal in general: îka ariga koreh[v?]a, animal with the face of a koreva fish (name given to horses when they arrived on the island, because of the resemblance of their heads with that of a koreva). 3. Victim (wounded or killed), enemy who must be killed, person cursed by a timo and destined to die; îka reirei, vanquished enemy, who is kicked (rei). 4. Corpse of man fallen in war. Vanaga. 1. Fish, animal; ika rere, flying fish; ivi ika, fishbone; mata ika, pearl. P Pau., Mgv., Mq.: ika, fish. Ta.: ia, id. 2. Prey, victim, sacrifice; ika ke avai mo, abuse; hakarere ki te ika, to avenge. T Mgv.: ikaiara, to quarrel; ikatamamea, to be angry because another has handled one's property. Mq.: ika, enemy, what causes horror. Ma.: ika, the first person killed in a fight. Mangaia: ika, a victim for sacrifice. 3? matamata ika, snow. Ikahi, to fish with a line, to angle. Mq.: ikahi, id. Ikakato, to go fishing. Ikakohau, to fish with a line, to angle. Ikapotu, cape, end of a voyage, destination; ikapotu hakarere, to abut, to adjoin; topa te ikapotu, id.; tehe oho te ikapotu, id.; mei nei tehe i oho mai ai inei te ikapotu, as far as, to. Ikapuhi, to fish with a torch. Mq.: ikapuhi, id. Churchill.

Ngumi - that's why (penei e) for Oti (i a Oti) the fallen victim (te ika), i.e. (he-e) the rat (kioe), was a good 'fish' (i ka.maitaki).

Maitaki. Clean, neat, pure, pretty, nice, beautiful, handsome; tagata rima maitaki, clean-handed man, correct man. Vanaga. 1. Good. Henua maitaki = the good earth. 2. Shine. Marama maitaki = the shining moon. Barthel. Ce qui est bon. Jaussen according to Barthel. Meitaki, good, agreeable, efficacious, excellent, elegant, pious, valid, brilliant, security, to please, to approve (maitaki); ariga meitaki, handsome, of pleasant mien; mea meitaki ka rava, to deserve; meitaki ke, marvelous, better. Hakameitaki, to make good, to amend, to do good, to bless, to establish. Meitakihaga, goodness. PS Pau.: maitaki, good. Mgv.: meitetaki, beautiful, good. Mq.: meitai, good, agreeable, fit, wise, virtuous. Ta.: maitaiki, good, well. Niuē: mitaki, good. Maitakia, clean. Churchill.

Hega. Hegahega, reddish, ruddy. Hehega, to dawn; ki hehega mai te raá, when the sun rises. Vanaga. Hehegaraa, sunrise. PS Sa.: sesega, to be dazzled as by the sun. Fu.: sega, the beginning of daybreak. Niuē: hegahega, the red light or rays at sunset. Viti: sesē, to dawn. Churchill.

Ngumi 'arose' (he ega.a Ngumi),

Aaru. To grasp, to grip, to grab, to hold: ka-aaru hiohio i te ura, hold the lobster firmly. Vanaga. 1. To raise; aaru ki te rima, to raise the arm. 2. (haruharu, aruaru). Churchill.

Uha. Hen; female (familiar): taaku uha = taaku vî'e, my wife, or my daughter (i.e. taaku poki). Vanaga. Female. T Pau.: koufa, female of animals. Mq.: uha. id. Ta.: ufa, uha, id. Ma.: uwha, uha, id. Uhamau (uha - mau 7), to brood, to hatch. Churchill. Tonga, Niuē: uha, rain. Viti: utha, rain. Churchill 2.

(and he) grasped (he aaru.mai) a hen (i te uha.he etahi), took her (he mau).

(He) went (he oho), (and) reached (he tuu) to the front of the house (ki mua ki te hare) of Oti - to 'the hole of the rat' (i te pu.kioe) of Oti.

Uru. 1. To lavish food on those who have contributed to the funerary banquet (umu pâpaku) for a family member (said of the host, hoa pâpaku). 2. To remove the stones which have been heated in the umu, put meat, sweet potatoes, etc., on top of the embers, and cover it with those same stones while red-hot. 3. The wooden tongs used for handling the red-hot stones of the umu. 4. To enter into (kiroto ki or just ki), e.g. he-uru kiroto ki te hare, he-uru ki te hare. 5. To get dressed: kahu uru. Vanaga. Uruga. Prophetic vision. It is said that, not long before the first missionaries' coming a certain Rega Varevare a Te Niu saw their arrival in a vision and travelled all over the island to tell it: He-oho-mai ko Rega Varevare a Te Niu mai Poike, he mimiro i te po ka-variró te kaiga he-kî i taana uruga, he ragi: 'E-tomo te haûti i Tarakiu, e-tomo te poepoe hiku regorego, e-tomo te îka ariga koreva, e-tomo te poporo haha, e-kiu te Atua i te ragi'. I te otea o te rua raá he-tu'u-hakaou ki Poike; i te ahi mo-kirokiro he-mate. Rega Varevare, son of Te Niu, came from Poike, and toured the island proclaiming his vision: 'A wooden house will arrive at Tarakiu (near Vaihú), a barge will arrive, animals will arrive with the faces of eels (i.e. horses), golden thistles will come, and the Lord will be heard in heaven'. The next morning he arrived back in Poike, and in the evening when it was getting dark, he died. Vanaga. He ui a Ira.ko te motu etoru.he ki a Ira.he ro korua e kau a repa e ku ketu ana te urunga.a Hau maka o to tatou matua.i hakahi mai ai kia au.ko nga kope ririva tutuu vai a te taanga.te ingoa o te motu ena etoru i nape ai e te kuhane o Hau maka. Ira saw that there were three such islets. Ira said, 'Hey you, crew of young men, the vision of Hau Maka, our father, which he revealed to me, has come true. There are 'the handsome sons of Te Taanga, who are standing in the water', for this is the name that the dream soul of Hau Maka gave them. (E:17) Uru manu. Those who do not belong to the Miru tribe and who, for that reason, are held in lesser esteem. Úru-úru. To catch small fish to use as bait. Uru-uru-hoa. Intruder, freeloader (person who enters someone else's house and eats food reserved for another). Vanaga. 1. To enter, to penetrate, to thread, to come into port (huru); uru noa, to enter deep. Hakauru, to thread, to inclose, to admit, to drive in, to graft, to introduce, penetrate, to vaccinate, to recruit. Akauru, to calk. Hakahuru, to set a tenon into the mortise, to dowel. Hakauruuru, to interlace; hakauruuru mai te vae, to hurry to. 2. To clothe, to dress, to put on shoes, a crown. Hakauru, to put on shoes, to crown, to bend sails, a ring. 3. Festival, to feast. 4. To spread out the stones of an oven. Uruuru, to expand a green basket. 5. Manu uru, kite. Uruga (uru 1). Entrance. Churchill. Ta.: uru, the human skull. Mq.: uu, the head. Sa.: ulu, id. Moriori: ulu, id. Uru, make even. Kapingamarangi.

(He) arrived (he tuu), and made an offering of the hen (he haka.ūru.i te uha.e Ngumi), so did Ngumi,

Roto. 1. Inside. 2. Lagoon (off the coast, in the sea). 3. To press the juice out of a plant; taheta roto pua, stone vessel used for pressing the juice out of the pua plant, this vessel is also just called roto. Roto o niu, east wind. Vanaga. 1. Marsh, swamp, bog; roto nui, pond; roto iti, pool. 2. Inside, lining; o roto, interior, issue; ki roto, within, into, inside, among; mei roto o mea, issue; no roto mai o mea, maternal; vae no roto, drawers. Churchill. Ana-roto. Spica.

(inserted the hen) into the house, to Oti (ki roto ki te hare.kia Oti).

Said Oti to Ngumi (he ki.mai a Oti.kia Ngumi):

'For what reason (penei ē) this offering into my place (ka ūru.ki roto ka noho), an offering from Ngumi (he ūru a Ngumi) into the house (where I) dwell (ki roto ki te hare he noho)?'

Âmo. 1. To clean, to clean oneself: he-âmo i te umu, to clean the earth oven; ka-âmo te hare, ka haka-maitaki, clean the house, make it good; he-âmo i te ariga, to clean one's face wetting it with one's hand. 2. Clear; ku-âmo-á te ragi, the sky is clear. 3. To slip, to slide, to glide (see pei-âmo). Ámoámo, to lick up, to lap up, to dry; to slap one's body dry (after swimming or bathing): he-âmoâmo i te vaihai rima. Vanaga.

Umu. Cooking pit, Polynesian oven (shallow pit dug in the ground, in which food is cooked over heated stones); the food cooked in such a pit for a meal, dinner, or banquet; umu pae, permanent cooking pit, in a stone enclosure.; umu paepae, permanent cooking pit with straw cover for protection from rain and wind; umu keri okaoka, temporary cooking pit without stone enclosure; umu ava, very large temporary cooking pit, made for feasts; umu takapú, exclusive banquet, reserved for certain groups of persons, for instance the relatives of a deceased family member; umu tahu, daily meals for hired workers; umu parehaoga, inaugural banquet (made on occasion of a communal enterprise or feastival); umu ra'e, banquet for fifth or sixth month of pregnancy; umu pâpaku, banquet on occasion of the death of a family member. Vanaga. Cooking place, oven (humu). Churchill. Samoa, Maori, Nukuoro, Niue, Tahiti, Hawaii, Mangaia, Marquesas, Mangareva, Paumoto: umu, oven. Tonga: ngotoumu, id. Uvea: ngutuùmu, id. Futuna: ùmu-kai, id. Fotuna: amu, cooking place. Rapanui: umu, oven; humu hare, cook house ... The Polynesian radical is consistently umu. Tonga and Uvea compound with it a word which in Uvea is distinctly ngutu mouth and in Tongan we may feel that ngutu has been specifically differentiated in this composite. In the Futuna composite the latter element is merely kai food ... Particular interest attaches to the discovery of the amu type in Mabulag and Miriam, western and eastern islands of the straits and remote from the New Guinea coast ... The existence of amu in Fotuna affords us reason to regard the type as ancient Proto-Samoan, and that Mabulag and Miriam received it directly and not on secondary loan from Motu. Churchill 2.

Puhi. 1. To blow; to light a fire; to extinguish, to blow out; he-puhi te umu, to light the fire for the earth oven. 2. To fish for lobsters at night using a bait (but during the day one calls it hî); puhiga, night fishing spot. Vanaga. To blow; puhi mai, to spring up; pupuhi, wind, fan, to blow, puffed up, to blow fresh, to ferment, to swell, to bloat, to spring out, to gush, yeast; pupuhi vai, syringe; pupuhi eve, squirt; pupuhi heenua, volley; pupuhi nunui, cannon; pupuhi nui, swivel gun; ahuahu pupuhi, amplitude; vai pupuhi, water which gushes forth; pupuhihia, to carry on the wind; hakapupuhi, to gush, leaven, volatilize; puhipuhi, to smoke, to smoke tobacco, a pipe. Churchill.

Oti stood up (he ea), he cleaned the oven, he blew on the oven - he ea.a Oti.he amo i te umu.he puhi.i te umu.

... She carefully looked around for a place where the king could settle down ... hee rarama i te maara mo noho mo te ariki ... [E:10] ... They reached the side crater (te manavai) and looked around carefully ... he tuu ki te manavai hee rarama ... [E:18]

Hou. 1. To perforate, to drill. P Pau.: fakahou, to furrow, to groove, to plow. Mgv.: hou, ouou, a drill, a wimble, a borer, a gimlet, to pierce with a drill. Mq.: hou, an auger, a drill, a wimble, corkscrew, to pierce with a drill. Ta.: hou, auger, to drill. 2. New, fresh, modern, recent, young, youth; rae ki te mea hou, to innovate; hou anei, modern. Hakahou, to reiterate, reparation, to restore, to recapitulate; haga hakahou, to make over, to renew, recovery; avai hakahou, a loan, to borrow; rere hakahou mai, to rebound; hakahou iho, to recommence. P Pau.: hou, young, new. Mgv.: hou, new; akahou, to renew. Mq.: hou, new, recent, fresh, young. Ta.: hou, new, recent, before. Churchill.

One, sand. Oneone (reduplication of oone which see below), dirty, covered in soil, in mud. Vanaga. Oone, ground, soil; mud; dirty, to get dirty. Vanaga. One, sword. (Cf. oe, dorsal fin; àè, sword.) Ta.: óé, sword, lance. Churchill. Oone, sand, clay, dirt, soil, mire, mud, muck, gravel, filth, manure, dust, to dirty; ao oone, shovel; egu oone vehuvehu, mud; moo te oone, shovel; oone hekaheka, mud; puo ei oone, to daub; kerihaga oone, husbandman; oone veriveri, mud; oone no, muck, to dirty, to powder; vai oone, roiled water; oone rari, marsh, swamp; oonea, dirty T; ooneoone, sandy; oonevai, clay T; hakaoone, to pollute, to soil. P Mgv.: one, land in general, earth, soil. Mq.: one, sand, beach. Ta.: one, sand, dust, gravel. Churchill. Miro-oone, model boat made of earth in which the 'boat festivals' used to be celebrated. Vanaga. ... on the first day of the year the natives dress in navy uniforms and performs exercises which imitate the maneuvers of ships' crews ... Métraux.

(He) went (he oho), (and) carefully (hee) drove his muddy screw (aaru.mai i te hou oone)

... On the twenty-fifth day [raa] of the first month ('Vaitu Nui'), Ira and Makoi set sail - i te rua te angahuru marima raa o te vaitu nui.i oho.mai ai a ira.ko Makoi ... [E:17]

... On the eighteenth day of the month of July ('Anakena'), they went on from Hanga Takaure - i te angahuru mavau o te anakena.i oho ai.mai hanga takaure ... [E:23]

... They stayed twenty-seven days in Oromanga - he noho erua te angahuru mahitu te raa i oromanga ... [E:29]

Rua. 1. Two; second; other (precedes the noun); te rua paiga, the other side. 2. Hole, grave; holes in the rocks or between the rocks of the coastal lagoons; he keri i te rua, to dig a hole. 3. To vomit. Vanaga. 1. Two. P Mgv., Ta.: rua, id. Mq.: úa. 2. Nausea, seasickness, to vomit, disgust; hakarua, to vomit, to spew. PS Mgv.: aruai, ruai, to vomit. Mq.: úa, id. Ta.: ruai, id. Pau.: ruaki, id. Sa.: lua'i, to spit out of the mouth; lulua, to vomit. To.: lua to vomit. Fu.: lulua, luaki, id. Niuē: lua, id. Viti: lua, id.; loloa, seasick. 3. Cave, hollow, ditch, pit, hole, beaten path, grave; rua papaka, a ditch. P Pau.: rua, a hole. Mgv.: rua, a hole in the ground, ditch, trench. Mq.: úa, dish, hole, cavern. Ta.: rua, hole, opening, ditch. Churchill. Ta.: ruahine, an old woman. Ma.: ruahine, id. Ta.: ruaroa, tropic of Capricorn. Mq.: uaoa, a constellation, the eleventh month. The sense in Tahiti is probably that of some constellation which may be used to determine the position. Ta.: ruau, an old man, an old woman. Ha.: luau, a parent. Churchill.

down into a hole (mai raro i te rua).

... Then Oroi would come out immediately and kill the king - mai kā tingai.i te ariki i a Hotu.e Oroi ... [E:1003]

Rara. Mgv.: a branch of a tree. Ta.: rara, id. Mq.: rara, small branches. Sa.: lala, id. Ma.: rara, id. Churchill. ... They all turned around and went back (to the starting place out at sea). Then the ride on the waves went in the direction of the left side [te rara maui], and they landed in Apina Iti. [And gave it the name Apina Iti.] ... [E:32]

Oti. To come to an end; to suffice, to be enough: ku-oti-á, it is finished; ina kai oti mo kai, there is not enough to eat; he-oti á, there isn't anymore left, it's the last one; it's enough with that. Vanaga. Ta.: 1. Oti, presage of death. Sa.: oti, to die. 2. To cut. Mq.: koti, oti, id. Sa.: 'oti, id. Ma.: koti, id. Churchill.

Koti. Kotikoti. To cut with scissors (since this is an old word and scissors do not seem to have existed, it must mean something of the kind). Vanaga. Kotikoti. To tear; kokoti, to cut, to chop, to hew, to cleave, to assassinate, to amputate, to scar, to notch, to carve, to use a knife, to cut off, to lop, to gash, to mow, to saw; kokotiga kore, indivisible; kokotihaga, cutting, gash furrow. P Pau.: koti, to chop. Mgv.: kotikoti, to cut, to cut into bands or slices; kokoti, to cut, to saw; akakotikoti, a ray, a streak, a stripe, to make bars. Mq.: koti, oti, to cut, to divide. Ta.: oóti, to cut, to carve; otióti, to cut fine. Churchill. Pau.: Koti, to gush, to spout. Ta.: oti, to rebound, to fall back. Kotika, cape, headland. Ta.: otiá, boundary, limit. Churchill.

I.e., 20 (times, erua te angahuru) (he) went, arrived (he mai hē oho he tuu), (and) 'assassinated' (he tingai) - 'amputated' branches (he rara.he ōti te rara),

Te. 1. The, this, which; ko te, the. T Pau., Mgv., Mq., Ta.: te, the. 2. Tê, negative prepositive; without, not; hiri tê reka, to walk without noise. T Mgv.: te, no, not, without: Mq.: te, not (postpositive). Churchill.

Popo: 1. To put something into something else, for instance, stones in a boat before going fishing. 2. To enter, to go in; he-popo-mai kiroto ki te hare, he enters the house. 3. Bundle, bag made of leaves; to make a bundle, a parcel, to leave something in a bundle, a parcel. Pôpo: ball; to make small balls: kete pôpó ki'ea, small basket with balls of coloured earth. Popohaga, to dawn; he-popohaga, dawn breaks (one does not say: i te popohaga, but: i te po-á). Vanaga. 1. Waves which strike one another. P Pau.: po-karakara, to strike the hands together. Mgv.: po-kara, to clap the hands loudly and gently in alternation. Ta.: popo, to clap the hands. 2. To wrap up, to bundle, to preserve, to put in safety. Pau.: hakapopo, to make into a ball. Mgv.: popo, to take care of a fish net. 3. Pau.: popo, ball, sphere. Mgv.: popo, ball. Ta.: popo, id. Mq.: popo, id. Ha.: popo, id. Popohaga, morning; popohaga atatehe, id. Mq.: popoui, id. Popokai (popo 2 - kai 4): hare popokai, store-house. Popopopo, to deteriorate. P Mgv.: popopopo, entirely rotten, decayed. Mq.: popo, worm-eaten, decayed. Poporakau (popo 2 - rakau 2) store, warehouse. Churchill.

disintegrating him (he hakatēe), by making a bundle (hē haī.etahi popo) of the rat (o te kioe),

Tao. 1. To cook in an oven, to sacrifice. P Mgv., Mq., Ta.: tao, to cook in an oven. 2. To carry away. 3. Abscess, bubo, scrofula, boil, gangrene, ulcer, inflammation, sore. Mgv.: taotaovere, small red spots showing the approach of death. Mq.: toopuku, toopuu, boil, wart, tumor. Ta.: taapu, taapuu, scrofula on neck and chin. 4. Mgv.: a lance, spear. Ta.: tao, id. Sa.: tao, id. Ma.: tao, id. 5. Mgv.: taotaoama, a fish. Sa.:  taotaoama, id. 6. Ta.: taoa, property, possessions. Ma.: taonga, property, treasure. Churchill. Sa.: tao, to bake; taofono, taona'i, to bake food the day before it is used; tau, the leaves used to cover an oven. To.: tao, to cook food in a oven, to bake. Fu.: taò, to put in an oven, to cook. Niuē: tao, to bake. Uvea: tao, to cook, to bake. Ma., Rapanui: tao, to bake or cook in a native oven, properly to steam, to boil with steam. Ta.: tao, the rocks and leaves with which a pig is covered when cooking; baked, boiled, cooked. Mq., Mgv., Mg., Tongareva: tao, to bake in an oven ... The word refers to the specific manner of cookery which involves the pit oven. The suggestion in the Maori, therefore, does not mean a different method; it is but an attempt more precisely to describe the kitchen method, a very tasty cookery, be it said. The suggestion of boiling is found only in Tahiti, yet in his dictionary Bishop Jaussen does not record it under the word bouillir; boiling was little known to the Polynesians before the European introduction of pottery and other fire-resisting utensils ... Churchill 2. Kao-kao, v. Haw., be red. Root and primary meaning obsolete in Haw. Sam., tao, to bake. Marqu., tao, bake, roast, sacrifice. Tah., tao, baked, boiled, cooked. Greek, καιω, Old Att. καω, to light, kindle, burn, scorch. According to Liddell and Scott, Pott refers καιω to Sanskrit çush, be dry, but Curtius rejects this. In Dravid. (Tamil) kay, to be hot, burn. Fornander.

to be put into the oven (he uru.i te umu), to be baked for the white bird (he taō.kia kia):

... Beyond the last type of yam (at Bharani) came 21 types of kumara (sweet potatoes):

The star Beid (the Egg in the Eridanus River, He Mamari Kiakia) was the last one to be mentioned - and notably it was given number 20 instead of the expected 20 + 1 ...

Riva maoa, correct. Churchill.

Pa. 1. Mgv.: pa, an inclosure, a fenced place. Ta.: pa, inclosure, fortification. Mq.: pa, inclosure. Sa.: pa, a wall. Ma.: pa, a fort. 2. Mgv.: pa, to touch. Sa.: pa'i, id. Ma.: pa, id. 3. Mgv.: pa, to prattle. Ta.: hakapapa, to recount. 4. Mq.: pa, a hook in bonito fishing. Sa.: pa, a pearlshell fishhook. Ma.: pa, a fishhook. Pau.: hakapa, to feel, to touch. Mgv.: akapa, to feel, to touch, to handle cautiously.

Tukuga, mat spread on the ground; tukuga tagata, mat on which have been put pieces of cooked human flesh.

(He) stood up (he ea) in due fashion (he maoa.mai), (and) closed (he ā.pa mai) the mat spread out on the ground (etahi tukunga).

Cfr: ... ko Ngukuu. a Hua tava.ko Ringiringi a Hua tava.ko Nonoma.a Hua tava.ko Uure.a Hua tava. Ko Makoi.a Huatava. [E:15] Gutu. 1. Lips, mouth, beak, snout (goutu); gutu ahu, swollen lip; gutu hiti, thick lip; gutu mokomoko, pointed lip; gutu no, vain words; gutu pakapaka, scabbed lips; gutu raro, lower lip; gutu ruga, upper lip. Gutugutu, snout. P Pau.: gutu, lip, beak, bill. Mgv.: gutu, the chin, the mouth of a fish. Mq.: nutu, beak, snout. Ta.: utu, lip, mouth, beak, snout. Gutupiri, attentively. Gututae, attentively; gututae mekenu, a small mouth. Gututika, tattoing on the lips. 2. Pau.: Gutuafare, to save, to economize. Ta.: utuafare, family, residence. 3. Pau.: Guturoa, to grimace, to pout. Mgv.: guturoa, to grimace. Churchill.

... It grew light [he otea] and Teke went out [he ea a Teke ki haho] in the twilight to urinate [i te po ana mimi] ... [E:59]

... On the fifteenth day of the month of October (tangaroa uri), Nonoma left the house [he ea mai roto i te hare] during the night [i te po] to urinate outdoors [ki kaho.mimi] ... [E:75]

	99					77
84		*104	... the distance from Aldebaran to Antares had grown over time and in 5000 BC the distance from Aldebaran to Antares was around 177 (= 3 * 59) nights ...				265
ALDEBARAN		AL SHARAS (The Ribs)					ANTARES
MARCH 25		JULY 3					EQUINOX
"April 17 (107)		"July 26					Tagaroa Uri 15 (288)
14 * 13 = 182