2. What does it mean if we can read in the G text that Rigel is 'born' (hanau) at the beginning of side a?
The experienced watcher of the early morning sky on Easter Island would of course at any time know what star to expect in the east before Sun would rise. The sky dome would gradually turn upwards, and just before it grew too light to see there would be a star with a slightly lower right ascension than Rigel - possibly Aldebaran or the Pleiades - if Rigel was bound to rise heliacally. A few days later another star with a slightly higher right ascension than Rigel would rise heliacally and at that time Rigel would rise before Sun. Right ascension increases towards east.
The G text can be used also when Rigel is descending of course, and when Rigel is the last star visible in early dawn before Sun is rising it will in the evening have gone down in the west before Sun. When Rigel is rising after Sun (in daytime) it cannot be seen but in the evening Sun will go down before Rigel and then it can be seen. After Sun has been in Orion Rigel can be observed in the early dawn (late night). The heliacal risings of star after star makes it possible to afterwards see them succeed each other, gradually leaving the horizon in the east towards higher and higher positions in the late night sky. In early dawn the horizon in the east displays the stars which only a few weeks earlier rose heliacally, they are now higher up in the sky - their right ascension values are lower than those which now are rising heliacally. As time goes on stars with higher and higher right ascension will appear at the horizon in the east and the corresponding glyphs will come later and later in the G text. In the evening the horizon in the west displays the stars which soon will rise heliacally. Those with lower right ascension values had earlier the same position in the sky but they are now below the horizon, they have descended like Sun. Stars with higher right ascension have not yet reached the horizon in the west and they can still be seen (after sundown). |