The twins
(Gb6-17 and
Gb6-25) are,
it seems,
together
generating (ure)
a new pair,
using
Rogo as
'mother'.
(X¹ + X²) *
Y = (Z¹ +
Z²):
 |
7 |
 |
 |
 |
 |
| Gb6-17 |
Gb6-25 |
Gb6-26 (408) |
Gb6-27 |
Gb6-28 (181) |
| Martius 12 (71) |
Martius 20 |
21 (80) |
22 |
23 |
| APRIL 24 (114) |
MAY 2 (*42) |
3 |
4 (124) |
5 (490) |
| no star listed (98) |
7h (106.5) |
Wezen (107.1), τ Gemini (107.7), δ Monocerotis (107.9) |
no star listed (108) |
λ Gemini (109.4), Wasat (109.8) |
| no star listed (106) |
| June 27 |
July 5 |
6 |
7 (188) |
8 (378 / 2) |
| 'May 31 (*71) |
'June 8 |
9 (*80) |
10 (161) |
11 |
| |
NAKSHATRA DATES: |
| OCTOBER 24 |
NOVEMBER 1 |
2 |
3 (*227) |
4 (308) |
| Abhijit-22 |
19h (289.2) |
Al Baldah-19 |
Aladfar (291.1), Nodus II (291.5), ψ Sagittarii (291.6), θ Lyrae (291.8) |
ω Aquilae (292.1), ρ Sagittarii (292.6), υ Sagittarii (292.7) |
| θ Cor. Austr. (281.0), VEGA (281.8) |
λ Aquilae (Ant.) (289.1), γ Cor. Austr (289.3), τ Sagittarii (289.4), ι Lyrae (289.5), δ Cor. Austr. (289.8) |
AL BALDAH, Alphekka Meridiana (290.1), β Cor. Austr. (290.2) |
| December 27 (361) |
January 4 |
5 (370) |
6 |
7 (12 * 31) |
| 'November 30 |
'December 8 |
9 |
10 (344) |
11 (*265) |
| KO RUTI 7 |
KO RUTI 15 (*214) |
16 (295) |
17 |
18 |
| KO RUTI 12 (286) |
KO RUTI 20 (*214) |
21 (295) |
22 |
23 |
Barthel
has
noticed
that
twins
were
toko-rua
(two
'staffs'):
... 'Tokurua',
zwei
Stäbe,
steht
nun aber
einem
metaphorischen
Ausdruck
für
'Zwillinge'
dar; und
tatsächlich
spielen
die
männliche
Sonne
und der
weibliche
Mond als
Zwillingsgeschwister
eine
wohlbekannte
Rolle in
der
polynesischen
Mythologie.
Die
specifische
Namensgebung
'Zwei
Stäbe'
für die
Zwillinge
Sonne
und Mond
hat sich
in
Sprichwörtern
der
Maori
erhalten.11)
11)
Tregear
1891,
529:
Nga
tokorua
a
Taingahue,
the
twins of
Taingahue,
i.e. Sun
and
Moon;
383:
Nga
tokorua a
Tongotongo
...
Z¹
+ Z²
above were,
I think,
such 'twin
staffs'
(alluding
to
Gemini).
In
Gb6-27
the
staff (henua)
exhibits
a
complicated
arm in
front,
which I
think
could represent
the
spring
half of
the
year. We
have to
accept
as
fact
that
wooden
staffs
and time
divisions
were
quite
similar:
...
He
[Eric
Thompson]
established
that
one
sign,
very
common
in
the
[Mayan]
codices
where
it
appears
affixed
to
main
signs,
can
be
read
as 'te'
or 'che',
'tree'
or
'wood',
and
as a
numerical
classifier
in
counts
of
periods
of
time,
such
as
years,
months,
or
days.
In
Yucatec,
you
cannot
for
instance
say
'ox
haab'
for
'three
years',
but
must
say
'ox-te
haab',
'three-te
years'.
In
modern
dictionaries
'te'
also
means
'tree',
and
this
other
meaning
for
the
sign
was
confirmed
when
Thompson
found
it
in
compounds
accompanying
pictures
of
trees
in
the
Dresden
Codex´...
... From
the
natives
of South
Island
[of New
Zealand]
White
[John]
heard a
quaint
myth
which
concerns
the
calendar
and its
bearing
on the
sweet
potato
crop.
Whare-patari,
who is
credited
with
introducing
the year
of
twelve
months
into New
Zealand,
had a
staff
with
twelve
notches
on it.
He went
on a
visit to
some
people
called
Rua-roa
(Long
pit) who
were
famous
round
about
for
their
extensive
knowledge.
They
inquired
of
Whare
how many
months
the year
had
according
to his
reckoning.
He
showed
them the
staff
with its
twelve
notches,
one for
each
month.
They
replied:
'We are
in error
since we
have but
ten
months.
Are we
wrong in
lifting
our crop
of
kumara
(sweet
potato)
in the
eighth
month?'
Whare-patari
answered:
'You are
wrong.
Leave
them
until
the
tenth
month.
Know you
not that
there
are two
odd
feathers
in a
bird's
tail?
Likewise
there
are two
odd
months
in the
year.'
The
grateful
tribe of
Rua-roa
adopted
Whare's
advice
and
found
the
sweet
potato
crop
greatly
improved
as the
result.
...The
Maori
further
accounted
for the
twelve
months
by
calling
attention
to the
fact
that
there
are
twelve
feathers
in the
tail of
the
huia
bird and
twelve
in the
choker
or bunch
of white
feathers
which
adorns
the neck
of the
parson
bird ...
 |
130 |
 |
| Gb2-16 (42) |
Gb6-20 (173) |
| February 19 (50) |
June 30 (181) |
... Among the Nahyssan of S. Carolina time was measured and a rude chronology arranged by means of strings of leather with knots of various colour, like the Peruvian quipos. The Dakota use a circle as the symbol of time, a smaller one for a year and a larger one for a longer period: the circles are arranged in rows, thus: OOO or O-O-O. The Pima of Arizona make use of a tally. The year-mark is a deep notch across the stick ...
At the
time of
Gemini
Castor
and
Pollux
rose
with the
Sun
around
the
northern
spring
equinox.
Since
that
ancient
time
they had
moved
ahead
- in
Roman
times
they
were at
a
position
87 (= 3
* 29)
days
after 0h
- and
they had reached
the
Belly of
the
Sun:
 |
 |
 |
 |
 |
 |
| Ga2-18 |
Ga2-19 |
Ga2-20 (50) |
Ga2-21 |
Ga2-22 |
Ga2-23 |
| MAY 8 |
9 |
10 (130) |
11 |
12 (*52) |
13 |
| Ghost-23 |
Al Dhirā'-5 / Punarvasu-7 |
ANA-TAHUA-VAHINE-O-TOA-TE-MANAVA |
α Monocerotis (115.4), σ Gemini (115.7) |
κ Gemini (116.1), POLLUX (116.2), π Gemini (116.9) |
Azmidiske (117.4) |
| ρ GEMINI (112.1), Eskimo Nebula (112.2)
Antares
|
CASTOR (113.4) |
υ Gemini (114.0), Markab Puppis (114.7), ο Gemini (114.8), PROCYON (114.9) |
| July 11 |
12 (193) |
13 |
14 |
15 (196) |
16 |
| 'June 14 |
15 |
61 * 6 = 366 |
17 (*88) |
18 |
19 |
| NAKSHATRA DATES: |
| NOVEMBER 7 |
8 |
9 |
10 (314) |
11 |
12 (*236) |
| ν Aquilae (Ant.) (295.0), Albireo (295.5) |
μ Aquilae (296.3), ι Aquilae (Ant.) (296.8), κ Aquilae (Ant.) (296.9) |
ε Sagittae (297.1), σ Aquilae (Ant.) (297.4), Sham (297.8) |
β Sagittae (298.0), χ Aquilae (298.3), ψ Aquilae (298.8) |
υ Aquilae (299.1), Tarazed (299.3), δ Sagittae (299.6), π Aquilae (299.9) |
Sravana-23 |
| ζ Sagittae (300.1), ALTAIR (300.3), ο Aquilae (300.5), Bezek (300.8) |
| January 10 |
11 |
12 (377) |
13 |
14 |
15 |
| 'December 14 |
15 |
16 (350) |
17 |
18 |
19 |
| Manava Abdomen, belly, (fig.) affection, sensitivity, feelings; manava more, grief; manava mate, infatuated, in love (with something); ku-ká-á te manava, flared up, infuriated, irate; he-kava te manava, offended, to turn sour, embittered. See also hatu (manava hatu). Vanaga.
Belly, abdomen, entrails, interior; manava ahuahu, indigestion; manava hanohano, high tempered, to annoy; manava itiiti, frugal; manava karavarava, colic; manava mate, to be in ecstasy, passion, intensity of affection; manava more, to desolate; manava ninihi, colic; manava nuinui, appetite; manava pagaha, affected, to complain; manava rakerake, bad character; manava riri, anger; manava ru, complaint; manava ruru, alarm, consternation, emotion, swoon; manava tagi, eager; manava tiha, out of breath; manava topa ki raro, humble, to humiliate; manava vai, simpleton, to have dull senses; meniri ko manava, little finger; kakari manavai, waist; manava eete, to shudder, to tremble, to astonish; anger, fright, consternation; manava eete ki te mau mea ananake, susceptible; eete manava, affected, moved; manava pohi, hasty, cruel, penitent; contrition, indignation; kokoma hanohano manava pohi, to abhor; manava pohi nunui ke, implacable. P Pau.: manava, the interior, affected, touched. Mgv.: manava, the belly, spirit, conscience. Mq.: menava, respiration, pulse. Ta.: manava, belly, entrails. Churchill. |
... In Tahiti the day has six divisions which are fairly accurately determined by the height of the sun. Names are given for midnight, midnight to daybreak, daybreak, sunrise, the time when the sun begins to be hot, when it reaches the meridian, evening before sunset, the time after sunset ... For the Marquesas are given: - daybreak, twilight, dawn, ('the day or the red sky, the fleeing night'),
broad day - bright day from full morning to about ten o'clock -, noon ('belly of the sun'), afternoon ('back part of the sun'), evening ('fire-fire', the same expression as in Hawaii, i.e. the time to light the fires on the mountains or the kitchen fire for supper) ...
Possibly such thoughts were in the mind of the creator of the G text:
 |
 |
 |
| Ga1-19 |
Ga1-20 |
Ga1-21 |
| Al Hak'ah-3 / Mrigashīrsha-5 / Turtle-20 |
Three Stars-21 / ANA-IVA (7) |
ο Aurigae (85.8), γ Leporis (85.9)
Yang Mun
|
| Arneb, Crab Nebula (83.0, φ¹ Orionis (83.1), HEKA, Orion Nebula (83.2), φ² Orionis (83.6), Alnilam (83.7) |
Heavenly Gate, ν Columbae (84.0), ω Orionis (84.2), ALNITAK, PHAKT (Phaet) (84.7) |
| June 12 |
13 |
14 (165) |
| 'May 16 |
17 (137) |
18 (*58) |
| Ras Alhague (266.1), Sargas (266.3), μ Ophiuchi, π Arae (266.5), Nan Hae (266.6), ι Herculis (266.7) |
λ Arae (267.1), Girtab, ο Serpentis (267.6) |
Kelb Alrai, μ Arae (268.1), Kew Ho (268.6), η Pavonis (268.7), Apollyon (268.9) |
| December 12 |
LUCIA |
14 (348) |
| 'November 15 |
16 |
17 (321) |
 |
 |
 |
 |
 |
| Ga1-22 |
Ga1-23 |
Ga1-24 |
Ga1-25 |
Ga1-26 |
| μ Columbae, Saiph (86.5), τ Aurigae, ζ Leporis (86.6) |
υ Aurigae (87.1), ν Aurigae (87.2), Wezn, δ Leporis (87.7), Tze (87.9) |
Ardra-6 / ANA-VARU (8) |
η Leporis (89.0), Praja-pāti, Menkalinan, Mahashim, and γ Columbae (89.3), π Aurigae (89.4), η Columbae (89.7) |
μ Orionis (90.3), χ² Orionis (90.5) |
| χ¹ Orionis, ξ Aurigae (88.1), BETELGEUZE (88.3), ξ Columbae (88.5), σ Columbae (88.7)
Zuben Elgenubi
|
| June 15 |
61 * 6 = 366 |
17 (168) |
18 |
19 |
| 'May 19 |
20 |
21 |
22 |
23 (*63) |
| Muliphen (269.0), Basanismus (269.5), Pherkard (269.9) |
Ptolemy Cluster (270.5) |
Rukbalgethi Genubi (271.1), ξ Herculis (271.5), Etamin, ν Herculis (271.7), ν Ophiuchi (271.8) |
ζ Serpentis (272.4), τ Ophiuchi (272.9) |
Winnowing Basket-7 |
| 18h (273.4) |
| NASH (273.7), θ Arae (273.8) |
| December 15 |
16 (350) |
17 |
18 |
19 (*273) |
| 'November 18 |
19 |
20 |
21 |
22 (*246) |
Time had both vertically oriented 'pairs of trees' and horizontally oriented 'drums'.
Tokorua for twins could have been a label for the idea of Gemini who once upon a time had stood straight as 'wooden staffs' at 0h. Whereas the winter solstice could then (yokingly) have been labelled Takurua - the slow (taku) pair at the Janus door:
| Taku
Prediction, prophecy, prognostic, to predict; tagata taku, wizard. P Ta.: tau, to invoke, to pray. Takurua, full of stones, pebbly, stony, a path among the rocks. Churchill.
Samoa: ta'u, to tell, to mention, to announce, to certify, to acknowledge. Tonga: taku, to call by, to designate; takua, to mention, to call by name. Rapanui; taku, to predict. Maori: takutaku, to threaten, to recite imprecations. Fotuna: no-tukua, to confess. Viti: tukuna, to report, to tell. Churchill 2.
At the risk of invoking the criticism, 'Astronomers rush in where philologists fear to tread', I should like to suggest that Taku-rua corresponds with the two-headed Roman god Janus who, on the first of January, looks back upon the old year with one head and forward to the new year with the other, and who is god of the threshold of the home as well as of the year... There is probably a play on words in takurua - it has been said that Polynesian phrases usually invoke a double meaning, a common and an esoteric one. Taku means 'slow', the 'back' of anything, 'rim' and 'command'. Rua is a 'pit', 'two' or 'double'. Hence takurua has been translated 'double command', 'double rim', and 'rim of the pit', by different authorities. Taku-pae is the Maori word for 'threshold'... Several Tuamotuan and Society Islands planet names begin with the word Takurua or Ta'urua which Henry translated Great Festivity and which is the name for the bright star Sirius in both New Zealand and Hawaii. The planet names, therefore, represent the final stage in the evolution of takurua which was probably first applied to the winter solstice, then to Sirius which is the most conspicious object in the evening sky of December and January, and was then finally employed for the brilliant and conspicious planets which outshone even the brightest star Sirius. From its association with the ceremonies of the new year and the winter solstice, takurua also aquired the meaning 'holiday' or 'festivity'. Makemson. |
Twin staffs were perhaps agreed upon signs in the calendar (and not signs in the sky roof). Indeed, the G text as a whole may have been intended as a calendric structure rather than as an overall circus of the stars in the night.
I cannot here avoid mentioning the thick-set and powerfully drawn tokorua at the border between line Gb1 and Gb2:
 |
 |
| Gb1-26 |
Gb2-1 (256) |
| DECEMBER 1 |
2 (336) |
| 21h (319.6) |
χ Capricorni (320.0), ν Aquarii (320.3), γ Equulei (320.6), ο Pavonis (320.8) |
| Armus (319.0), Dorsum (319.3), Tsoo (319.7) |
| February 3 |
4 (400) |
| 'January 7 (372) |
8 |
| NAKSHATRA DATES: |
| JUNE 2 |
3 (154) |
| 9h (137.0) |
no star listed (138) |
| σ¹ Ursa Majoris (137.0), κ Cancri (137.3), τ Cancri (137.4), Alsuhail (137.5), σ² Ursa Majoris (137.6), τ Ursa Majoris (137.7), ξ Cancri (137.8) |
| August 5 |
6 (218) |
| 'July 9 |
10 (191) |
256 (= 16* 16) days from the beginning of side a was February 4 (35 + 365 = 400 = 16 * 16 + 12 * 12). Here was the left hand of Aquarius, grasping his undulating towel in a manner which resembles how Ophiuchus used both his hands to hold the Serpent:
|
