next page previous page table of contents home

The Hawaiians stated the demarcation line between Tagaroa and Tane went from Polaris to Acrux:

... In 1865 Kamakau recorded the Instructions in Ancient Hawaiian Astronomy as Taught by Kaneakahowaha, Astronomer, Seer, and Counselor of the Court of King Kamehameha I from which the following extract was taken:

Take the lower part of a gourd or hula drum, rounded as a wheel (globe), on which several lines are to be marked and burned in, as described hereafter. These lines are called na alanui o na hoku hookele, the highways of the navigation stars, which stars are also called na hoku ai-aina, the stars which rule the land. Stars lying outside these three lines are called na hoku a ka lewa, foreign, strange, or outside stars.

The first line is drawn from Hoku-paa, the fixed or North Star, to the most southerly star of Newe, the Southern Cross. (This hour circle coincides with the meridian on an evening in June, when it would divide the visible sky into halves.) The portion (of the sky) to the right or east of this line (the observer is evidently assumed to be facing north) is called ke ala ula a Kane, the dawning or bright road of Kane, and that to the left or west is called ke alanui maawe ula a Kanaloa, the much-traveled highway of Kanaloa. (Kane and Kanaloa were important gods in the Polynesian pantheon, Kane being associated with light, Kanaloa with darkness.)

Then three lines are drawn east and west, one across the northern section indicates the northern limit of the Sun (corresponding with the Tropic of Cancer) about the 15th and 16th days of the month Kaulua (i.e., the 21st or 22nd of June) and is called ke alanui polohiwa a Kane, the black-shining road of Kane. The line across the southern section indicates the southern limit of the Sun about the 15th or 16th days of the month Hilinama (December 22) and is called ke alanui polohiwa a Kanaloa, the black-shining road of Kanaloa. The line exactly around the middle of the sphere is called ke alanui a ke ku'uku'u, the road of the spider, and also ke alanui i ka Piko a Wakea, the way to the navel of Wakea (the Sky-father).

Between these lines are the fixed stars of the various lands, na hokupaa a ka aina. (These are the stars which hang suspended in the zeniths of the Polynesian islands most of which lie within the tropics.) On the sides are the stars by which one navigates ...

Possibly this vertical line ending at Acrux was illustrated as the vertical center line in the maitaki type of glyph (cutting through the 3 levels of the world):

16 (*360) oMARCH 17 18 19 (78) 20 EQUINOX 61
EQUINOX ●MARCH 22 23 24 25 26 (85)
APRIL 1 (91) 2 3 (*13) 4 5 6
Ga1-11 Ga1-12 Ga1-13 Ga1-14 Ga1-15 Ga1-16
HAEDUS II (75.9) 5h (76.1) μ AURIGAE, μ LEPORIS (77.6)  ĸ Leporis (78.0), RIGEL (78.1), Flaming Star (78.2), Capella (78.4), ο Columbae, τ Orionis (78.8)

Thuban

λ Aurigae (79.0), λ Leporis (79.6), ρ Aurigae (79.7)

Arcturus

Shur-narkabti-sha-iltanu-5
ε Leporis (76.0), CURSA (76.4), λ Eridani (76.7) σ Aurigae (80.4), Bellatrix, Saif al Jabbar (80.7), ELNATH (80.9)
June 4 5 6 (157 = 314 / 2) 7 8 9 (2 * 80)
'May 8 (128) 9 10 (*50) 11 12 (2 * 66) 13
"April 24 (*34) 25 26 (116 = 4 * 29) 27 28 (2 * 59) 29
oMAY 22 23 (*63) 24 (144) 25 26 27
●MAY 27 28 (*68) 29 30 (150) 31 ●JUNE 1
JUNE 7 (*78) 8 9 (160) 10 11 12
Ga3-19 (78) Ga3-20 Ga3-21 Ga3-22 Ga3-23 Ga3-24
The Knot (Ukdah) Rishu A.-13 Vathorz Prior (147.9)
Star-25

ANA-HEU-HEU-PO

Al Tarf-7 A Hydrae (144.1)

Vega

UKDAH (145.4), κ Hydrae (145.5), Subra (145.8) ψ Leonis (146.4), RAS ELASET AUSTRALIS (146.6)
ALPHARD (142.3), ω Leonis (142.6), τ¹ Hydrae (142.7)  

ψ Velorum (143.3), ALTERF, τ² Hydrae (143.4), ξ Leonis (143.5)

August 10 11 12 13 (*145) 14 15 (227)
'July 14 15 16 17 (*118) 18 19 (200)
"June 30 "July 1 2 3 (*104) 4 5 (186)
NAKSHATRA DATES:
oNOVEMBER 21 22 23 (327) 24 (*248) 25 26
●NOVEMBER 26 27 28 (332) 29 30 (*254) ●DECEMBER 1
DECEMBER 7 8 9 10 (*264) 11 (345) 12
BUNDA (Foundation) / KAKKAB NAMMAΧ (Star of Mighty Destiny) θ Piscis Austrini (330.1), λ Oct. (330.7)
Al Sa'd al Su'ud-22 / Emptiness-11 no star listed (326) Castra (327.2), Bunda (327.5)

Sirius

Nashira (328.0), ν Oct. (328.3),  Azelfafage, κ Capricorni (328.7) Enif, Erakis (329.2), 46 Capricorni, Jih (329.3), ι Piscis Austrini (329.4), λ Capricorni (329.6), ν Cephei (329.7), Deneb Algiedi (329.8)
Tsin (325.2), Alphirk (325.7), SADALSUD, ξ Gruis (325.9)
February 9 (40) 10 11 12 (408) 13 14
'January 13 (378) 14 15 (*300) 16 17 18 (383)
"December 30 (364) 31 "January 1 2 3 4
38 oJULY 5 6 (187) 7 8 9
●JULY 10 11 (192) 12 13 14
JULY 21 22-7 23 (204) 24 25
Ga5-12 Ga5-13 (123) Ga5-14 Ga5-15 Ga5-16
Chang Sha (186.3) INTROMETIDA (187.4), ACRUX (187.5) γ Com. Berenicis (188.0), σ Centauri (188.1), ALGORAB (188.5), Gacrux (188.7) γ Muscae (189.0), Avis Satyra (189.3), Asterion (189.5), Kraz (189.7)  α Muscae (190.2), τ Centauri (190.5), χ Virginis (190.7)

Alderamin

September 23 24 25 (268) 26 27
'August 27 28 (240) 29 30 31 (*163)
"August 13 (*145) 14 15 (227) 16 17
53 oSEPTEMBER 1 2 (*165) 3 (246) 4
●SEPTEMBER 6 7 (250) 0h + 9 * 19 9 (*172)
SEPTEMBER 17 (260) 18 19 (*182) 20
Ga7-11 (180) Ga7-12 (181) Ga7-13 (182 = 118 + 64) Ga7-14 (183)
ψ Scorpii (244.6), Lesath (244.8) χ Scorpii (245.1), YED PRIOR, δ Tr. Austr. (245.5) YED POSTERIOR, Rukbalgethi Shemali (246.6). δ Apodis (246.7), ο Scorpii (246.8) Heart-5
σ SCORPII (247.0), Hejian (247.2), ψ Ophiuchi (247.7)
November 20 (324) 21 22 (*246) 23
'October 24 25 (*218) 26 (299) 27
"October 10 11 (*204) 12 (285) 13
oSEPTEMBER 5 6 7 (250) 8 9 (*172)
●SEPTEMBER 10 11 12 (255) (4 * 64) 14
SEPTEMBER 21 EQUINOX 23 (266) 24 25
Ga7-15 Ga7-16 (185) Ga7-17 Ga7-18 Ga7-19
ρ Ophiuchi (248.1), Kajam (248.3), χ Ophiuchi (248.5), She Low, ι Tr. Austr. (248.7), ζ Tr. Austr. (248.8) Al Kalb-16 / Jyeshtha-18

ANA-MUA

γ Apodis (250.1), σ Herculis (250.3), θ Tr. Austr. (250.6), τ Scorpii (250.7) Han (251.0) ζ Herculis, η Tr. Austr. (252.1), η Herculis, β Apodis (252.5)
ANTARES (249.1), Marfik, φ Ophiuchi (249.5),  ω Ophiuchi (249.8)
November 24 25 (329) 26 27 28
'October 28 (301) 29 30 31 'November 1
"October 14 15 16 17 (290) 18
oSEPTEMBER 10 11 12 (*175) 13 14 (257)
●SEPTEMBER 15 16 17 (260) (9 * 29) 19
SEPTEMBER 26 27 28 29 (272) (3 * 91)
Ga7-20 Ga7-21 Ga7-22 Ga7-23 Ga7-24 (193)
Atria (253.9) Tail-6 ι Ophiuchi (255.3), Grafias (255.4) κ Ophiuchi (256.2), ζ Arae (256.5), ε Arae (256.8), Cujam (256.9) no star listed (257)
Wei, η Arae (254.3), DENEBAKRAB (254.7)
November 29 30 December 1 (335) 2 (*256) 3
'November 2 2 3 4 (*229) 5 (310)
"October 19 20 21 (*214) 22 (295) 23

Counting from Elnath (at Tagaroa inside his primary egg) Acrux would indeed come in day 107 (= 214 / 2):

0h 61 Heliacal Alphard 44 Heliacal Acrux
ELNATH (*62) (187)
 80 107
Rigel 63 (*64) 44 (189)
Haedus II 66 ●MAY 27 (*67) ●JULY 11 (192)
Hyadum II 77 JUNE 7 (*78) JULY 22 (22-7)
Bharani 100 "June 30 (*101) "August 14 (226)
Sheratan 114 'July 14 (*115) 'August 28 (240)
0h 141 Heliacal Alphard 44 Heliacal Acrux
SIRRAH August 10 (*142) September 24 (*187)
80 107

Alphard rose 45 (= 360 / 8) days earlier than Acrux.

Could not the left hand Pachamama tresses (exhibiting number 214) be understood to mean there were another 107 nights after Acrux?

Counting the tresses from right to left:

1

26

78

1

29

59

2

26

2

30

3

26

3

31

96

4

25

104

4

34

5

26

5

31

6

27

6

30

59

7

26

7

29

182 = 7 * 26

214 = 59 + 96 + 59

The G text seems to indicate a break in time at maitaki in Ga7-24. The day numbers at Elnath were 5 less than those at the time of Haedus II and Ga7-24 would have corresponded to day 262 - 5 = 257 - i.e. to 80 days less than at the time of rongorongo. Ga7-24 (193) - Ga5-13 (123) = 70 days (not 107). But 107 (days from Elnath to Acrux) + 70 = 177 (= 6 * 29½). Ga7-24 (193) + (107 - 70) = 230, would then have corresponded to the first glyph on side b of the tablet, at the back of the Eagle (and after the tip of the tail of Hydra) who was carrying a youngster firmly in his claws:

10 oMARCH 16 (75) 17 (76) 18 (77) 19 (78) 20 (79) EQUINOX 213 oOCT 21 (294)
EQUINOX ●MARCH 22 23 24 25 26 (85) ●OCT 26 (299)
APRIL 1 (*11) 2 (92) 3 4 5 6 (96) NOV 6 (310)
Ga1-11 Ga1-12 Ga1-13 Ga1-14 Ga1-15 Ga1-16 Gb1-1 (230)
HAEDUS II (75.9) 5h (76.1) μ AURIGAE, μ LEPORIS (77.6)  ĸ Leporis (78.0), RIGEL (78.1), Flaming Star (78.2), Capella (78.4), ο Columbae, τ Orionis (78.8)

Thuban

λ Aurigae (79.0), λ Leporis (79.6), ρ Aurigae (79.7)

Arcturus

Shur-narkabti-sha-iltanu-5 DENEB OKAB (294.0), α Vulpeculae (294.9)
ε Leporis (76.0), CURSA (76.4), λ Eridani (76.7) σ Aurigae (80.4), Bellatrix, Saif al Jabbar (80.7), ELNATH (80.9)
June 4 5 (314 / 2) 7 8 9 (2 * 80) January 9 (374)
'May 8 (128) 9 10 (*50) 11 12 (2 * 66) 13 'December13 (*267)
"April 24 (*34) 25 (116 = 4 * 29) 27 28 (2 * 59) 29 "Nov 30 (*253)
15 214 1
229
145 29 (*130) 30 oJULY 31 oAUGUST 1 2 (214) 3 78 oOCT 21 (294)
●AUGUST 3 4 (216) 5 6 7 8 (*140) ●OCT 26 (299)
AUGUST 14 15 16 17 (229) 18 (*150) 19 NOV 6 (310)
Ga6-6 Ga6-7 Ga6-8 (148) Ga6-9 Ga6-10 Ga6-11 Gb1-1 (230)
MUPHRID (210.1), ζ Centauri (210.3) φ Centauri (211.0), υ¹ Centauri (211.1), υ² Centauri (211.8), τ Virginis (211.9) Agena (212.1), θ Apodis (212.5), THUBAN (212.8) 14h (213.1) Neck-2 Al Ghafr-13 / Svāti-15

TAHUA-TAATA-METUA-TE-TUPU-MAVAE

DENEB OKAB (294.0), α Vulpeculae (294.9)
π HYDRAE, χ Centauri (213.0), Menkent (213.1) Asellus Tertius, κ VIRGINIS, 14 Bootis (214.8) 15 Bootis (215.2), ARCTURUS (215.4), Asellus Secundus (215.5), SYRMA, λ Bootis (215.6), η Apodis (215.8)
October17 18 19 20 21 (*214) 22 (295) January 9 (374)
'September 20 21 EQUINOX 23 (*186) 24 25 (268) 'December 13 (*267)
"September 6 7 (250) 8 9 (*172) 10 11 (254) "November 30 (*253)
84 1
229

... In late September or early October 130, Hadrian and his entourage, among them Antinous, assembled at Heliopolis to set sail upstream as part of a flotilla along the River Nile. The retinue included officials, the Prefect, army and naval commanders, as well as literary and scholarly figures. Possibly also joining them was Lucius Ceionius Commodus, a young aristocrat whom Antinous might have deemed a rival to Hadrian's affections.

On their journey up the Nile, they stopped at Hermopolis Magna, the primary shrine to the god Thoth. It was shortly after this, in October [in the year A.D.] 130 - around the time of the festival of Osiris – that Antinous fell into the river and died, probably from drowning. Hadrian publicly announced his death, with gossip soon spreading throughout the Empire that Antinous had been intentionally killed. The nature of Antinous's death remains a mystery to this day, and it is possible that Hadrian himself never knew; however, various hypotheses have been put forward.

One possibility is that he was murdered by a conspiracy at court. However, Lambert asserted that this was unlikely because it lacked any supporting historical evidence, and because Antinous himself seemingly exerted little influence over Hadrian, thus meaning that an assassination served little purpose. Another suggestion is that Antinous had died during a voluntary castration as part of an attempt to retain his youth and thus his sexual appeal to Hadrian. However, this is improbable because Hadrian deemed both castration and circumcision to be abominations and as Antinous was aged between 18 and 20 at the time of death, any such operation would have been ineffective. A third possibility is that the death was accidental, perhaps if Antinous was intoxicated. However, in the surviving evidence Hadrian does not describe the death as being an accident; Lambert thought that this was suspicious.

Another possibility is that Antinous represented a voluntary human sacrifice. Our earliest surviving evidence for this comes from the writings of Dio Cassius, 80 years after the event, although it would later be repeated in many subsequent sources. In the second century Roman Empire, a belief that the death of one could rejuvenate the health of another was widespread, and Hadrian had been ill for many years; in this scenario, Antinous could have sacrificed himself in the belief that Hadrian would have recovered.

Alternately, in Egyptian tradition it was held that sacrifices of boys to the Nile, particularly at the time of the October Osiris festival, would ensure that the River would flood to its full capacity and this fertilize the valley; this was made all the more urgent as the Nile's floods had been insufficient for full agricultural production in both 129 and 130. In this situation, Hadrian might not have revealed the cause of Antinous's death because he did not wish to appear either physically or politically weak. Conversely, opposing this possibility is the fact that Hadrian disliked human sacrifice and had strengthened laws against it in the Empire ...