At a
solstice
the
Sun
stands
still
and
at
an
equinox
he
hurries
ahead
as
quickly
as
possible,
on
his
way
from
one
hemisphere
to
the
other.
...
Hamiora Pio
once spoke
as follows
to the
writer:
'Friend! Let
me tell of
the
offspring of
Tangaroa-akiukiu,
whose two
daughters
were
Hine-raumati
(the Summer
Maid -
personified
form of
summer) and
Hine-takurua
(the Winter
Maid -
personification
of winter),
both of whom
where taken
to wife by
the sun ...
Now, these
women had
different
homes.
Hine-takurua
lived with
her elder
Tangaroa
(a sea being
- origin and
personified
form of
fish). Her
labours were
connected
with
Tangaroa
- that is,
with fish.
Hine-raumati
dwelt on
land, where
she
cultivated
food
products,
and attended
to the
taking of
game and
forest
products,
all such
things
connected
with Tane.
The
home
of
his
winter
maid,
Hine-takurua,
could
have
coincided
with
the
region
in
the
sky
regarded
as
the
Sea.
Roa
means
extension
in
the
horizontal
dimension.
|
Roa
Long:
haga
roa,
long
bay,
wide
beach;
ara
roa
râkei,
wide,
neat
path.
Roaroa,
long,
tall,
far,
distant:
tagata
roaroa,
tall
man;
kaiga
roaroa,
distant
land;
roaroa
tahaga,
middle
finger.
Vanaga.
Long,
large,
extent;
roaroa,
to
grow,
height;
mea
roaroa,
a
long
while;
roaroa
tahaga,
middle
finger;
roaroa
ke,
infinite
(time
and
space);
roroa,
far,
distant,
thin,
to
grow
tall;
tagata
roroa,
giant;
roroa
ke,
immense;
arero
roroa,
to
rapport,
to
tell;
vanaga
roroa,
to
chatter,
babbler;
vare
roroa,
driveller;
hakaroa,
to
lengthen,
to
defer;
hakaroaroa,
to
lengthen,
to
develop;
hakaroroa,
to
extend,
prolong,
defer,
lengthen;
roaga,
distance,
extent,
size,
length,
distant,
long.
Churchill. |
Counting
16
days
ahead
from
vai
pau
(Gb8-11)
we
will
reach
glyph
11 +
16 =
27
in
line
Gb8,
where
the
nose
(Menkar)
of
the
sea
beast
(Cetus)
would
have become
visible
again
after
its
conjunction
with
the
Sun:
 |
 |
 |
 |
 |
 |
| Gb8-11 |
(3 * 151) |
Gb8-13 |
Gb8-14 |
Gb8-15 (227) |
Gb8-16 (457) |
| MARCH 1 |
2 |
3 |
4 |
5 (64) |
6 (*350) |
| MENKAR (44.7) |
3h (45.7) |
Misam (46.2), Botein (46.9) |
ζ Arietis (47.7) |
Zibal (48.0), κ Ceti (48.9) |
τ Arietis (49.7) |
| ALGOL (45.9) |
| May 4 |
5 (*45) |
6 |
7 (492) |
8 (128) |
9 |
| 'April 7 |
8 (*18) |
9 |
10 (465) |
11 (101) |
12 |
| "March 24 (*3) |
Equinox |
26 |
27 (451) |
28 (87) |
29 |
| NAKSHATRA DATES: |
| AUGUST 31 |
SEPTEMBER 1 (244) |
2 |
3 |
4 |
5 (*168) |
| π² Oct. (227.7), Nadlat (227.8), π Lupi (227.9) |
15h (228.3) |
ω Oct. (229.3), ι Librae (229.6), κ Lupi (229.7), ζ Lupi (229.8) |
Al Zubānā-14b |
μ Lupi, γ Tr. Austr. (231.3) |
ο Cor. Borealis (232.0), δ Lupi (232.1), φ¹, ν² Lupi (232.2), ν¹ Lupi (232.3), ε Lupi (232.4), φ² Lupi (232.5), Pherkad (232.6), η Cor. Borealis (232.8), υ Lupi (232.9) |
| Zuben Hakrabim (228.3), λ Lupi (228.9) |
χ Bootis (230.2), χ Bootis (230.3), Princeps (230.6), ZUBEN ELSCHEMALI (230.8) |
| November 3 |
4 (308) |
5 (*229) |
6 |
7 |
8 |
| 'October 7 (*200) |
8 |
9 |
10 |
11 |
12 (285) |
| "Sept 23 (266) |
24 |
25 (*188) |
26 |
27 |
28 |
 |
 |
 |
 |
 |
 |
 |
| (229 or 2 * 229) |
Gb8-18 |
Gb8-19 |
Gb8-20 (461) |
Gb8-21 |
Gb8-22 |
Gb8-23 (235) |
| MARCH 7 |
8 |
9 |
10 (*354) |
11 (70) |
12 |
13 |
| ALGENIB PERSEI (50.0), ο Tauri (50.2), ξ Tauri (50.8) Gienah
|
no star listed (51) |
no star listed (52) |
no star listed (53)
Acrux
|
no star listed (54) |
Al Thurayya-27 / Krittikā-3 / Hairy Head-18 / Temennu-4 |
| Atiks, Rana (55.1), CELAENO, ELECTRA, TAYGETA (55.3), MAIA, ASTEROPE, MEROPE (55.6) |
ALCYONE (56.1), PLEIONE, ATLAS (56.3) |
| TAU-ONO |
| May 10 (*50) |
11 |
12 |
13 |
14 (134) |
15 (500) |
16 |
| 'April 13 |
14 |
15 |
16 (471) |
17 (107) |
18 |
19 (*29) |
| "March 30 |
31 |
"April 1 |
2 (457) |
3 (93) |
4 |
5 (*15) |
| NAKSHATRA DATES: |
| SEPTEMBER 6 |
7 |
8 |
9 (*172) |
10 |
11 |
12 (255) |
| Alkalurops (233.1) |
Nusakan (234.0), κ¹ Apodis (234.3), ν Bootis (234.7) |
θ Cor. Borealis (235.3), γ Lupi (235.6), Gemma, Zuben Elakrab, Qin, ε Tr. Austr. (235.7), μ Cor. Borealis (235.8) Sirrah
|
φ Bootis (236.2), ω Lupi (236.3), ψ¹ Lupi (236.7), ζ Cor. Borealis (236.9) |
ι Serpentis (237.4), ρ Oct., ψ² Lupi (237.5), γ Cor. Borealis (237.7), Unuk Elhaia (237.9) |
π Cor. Borealis, Cor Serpentis (238.1), Chow (238.6) |
κ Serpentis (239.3), δ Cor. Borealis, Tiānrǔ (239.5), χ Lupi, (239.6), ω Serpentis (239.7), Ba, χ Herculis (239.8). κ Cor. Borealis, ρ Serpentis (239.9) |
| November 9 |
10 (314) |
11 |
12 (*236) |
13 |
14 |
15 |
| 'October 13 |
14 |
15 (288) |
16 |
17 (*210) |
18 |
19 |
| "September 29 |
30 (*193) |
"October 1 |
2 |
3 (12 * 23) |
4 |
5 |
 |
 |
 |
 |
 |
 |
 |
| Gb8-24 (236) |
Gb8-25 (466) |
Gb8-26 |
Gb8-27 |
Gb8-28 |
Gb8-29 |
Gb8-30 |
| 3-14 |
MARCH 15 |
16 (*360) |
17 |
18 (77) |
19 (443) |
20 (*364) |
| Menkhib (57.6)
Porrima
|
Zaurak (58.9) |
λ Tauri (59.3), ν Tauri (59.9) |
4h (60.9) |
no star listed (61) |
Beid (62.2)
Vindemiatrix |
Al Dabarān-2 |
| no star listed (60)
Cor Caroli |
HYADUM I (63.4) |
| May 17 (137) |
18 |
19 (*424) |
20 |
21 |
22 |
23 (*428) |
| 'April 20 |
21 (111) |
22 |
23 |
24 |
25 (*400) |
26 (*36) |
| "April 6 |
7 |
8 |
9 (464) |
10 (100) |
11 |
12 (*22) |
| NAKSHATRA DATES: |
| SEPTEMBER 13 |
14 (*177) |
15 |
16 |
17 (260) |
18 |
19 |
| β Tr. Austr. (240.3), κ Tr. Austr. (240.4), ρ Scorpii (240.8) |
Iklīl al Jabhah-15 / Anuradha-17 / Room-4 |
υ Herculis (242.3), ρ Cor. Borealis (242.4), ι Cor. Borealis (242.5), ξ Scorpii (242.7) Schedir
|
16h (243.5) |
ψ Scorpii (244.6), Lesath (244.8) |
χ Scorpii (245.1), Yed Prior, δ Tr. Austr. (245.5) |
Yed Posterior, Rukbalgethi Shemali (246.6). δ Apodis (246.7), ο Scorpii (246.8) |
| (241.1), Zheng (241.2), VRISCHIKA (241.3), ε Cor. Borealis (241.5), Dschubba (241.7), η Lupi (241.9) |
Acrab, Jabhat al Akrab (243.3), θ Lupi, Rutilicus (243.5), Marfik (243.7), φ Herculis (243.8) |
| November 16 |
17 |
18 (*242) |
19 |
20 |
21 |
22 (326) |
| 'October 20 |
21 (*214) |
22 (295) |
23 |
24 |
25 |
26 |
| "October 6 |
7 (*200) |
8 |
9 |
10 |
11 |
12 (285) |
Perhaps it was a Sign to see the head of Cetus again, a sign meaning the beast had reached Land. Vai pau could mean the Sun had here abandoned Hine-takurua in order to reach his summer maid (Hine-raumati). The rainy season was over.
| Hagahuru Ten (agahuru, hagauru). P Mq.: onohuú, okohuú, id. Ta.: ahuru. id. Churchill.
The Maori recognized two main divisions of the year: winter or takurua, a name for Sirius which then shone as morning star, and summer, raumati or o-rongo-nui, 'of the great Rongo', god of agriculture. They occasionally recognized spring as the digging season koanga, from ko, the digging stick or spade. The autumn or harvest season was usually spoken of as ngahuru, 'tenth' (month), although it was considered to include also the last two months of the year. Mahuru was the personification of spring. Makemson. |
| Raumati Ta.: To cease raining, to remain fair. Sa.: naumati, dry, arid. Ma.: raumati, summer. Mgv.: noumati, drought, hot weather. Churchill. |
... At the risk of invoking the criticism, 'Astronomers rush in where philologists fear to tread', I should like to suggest that Taku-rua corresponds with the two-headed Roman god Janus who, on the first of January, looks back upon the old year with one head and forward to the new year with the other, and who is god of the threshold of the home as well as of the year... There is probably a play on words in takurua - it has been said that Polynesian phrases usually invoke a double meaning, a common and an esoteric one. Taku means 'slow', the 'back' of anything, 'rim' and 'command'. Rua is a 'pit', 'two' or 'double'. Hence takurua has been translated 'double command', 'double rim', and 'rim of the pit', by different authorities. Taku-pae is the Maori word for 'threshold'... Several Tuamotuan and Society Islands planet names begin with the word Takurua or Ta'urua which Henry translated Great Festivity and which is the name for the bright star Sirius in both New Zealand and Hawaii. The planet names, therefore, represent the final stage in the evolution of takurua which was probably first applied to the winter solstice, then to Sirius which is the most conspicious object in the evening sky of December and January, and was then finally employed for the brilliant and conspicious planets which outshone even the brightest star Sirius. From its association with the ceremonies of the new year and the winter solstice, takurua also aquired the meaning 'holiday' or 'festivity' ...
16 nights after heliacal Menkar (α Ceti) the star Cor Caroli (the Heart of King Charles) culminated at midnight:
... Robur Carolinum, Charles' Oak, the Quercia of Italy and the Karlseiche of Germany, was formally published by Halley in 1679 in commemoration of the Royal Oak of his patron, Charles II, in which the king had lain hidden for twenty-four hours after his defeat by Cromwell in the battle of Worcester, on the 3rd of September 1651 ...
... This star, the 12th on Flamsteed's list of the Hounds, stands alone, marking Chara's collar; but was set apart in 1725 by Halley, when Astronomer Royal, as the distinct figure Cor Caroli, not Cor Caroli II as many have it, in honour of Charles II. This was done at the suggestion of the court physician, Sir Charles Scarborough, who said it had shone with special brilliancy on the eve of the king's return to London on the 29th of May ...
In rongorongo times Cor Caroli (α Canes Venatici) rose with the Sun in October 2 (275) and culminated in May 20 (140). The king had returned home shining as brilliant as the sun when the Sun was at the head of Cetus.
On Easter Island, however, the heliacal stars and dates at the beginning of side a were not coinciding with the arrival of summer, with the return of the Sun king. It was the opposite, because toga-hora, summer in winter, was the summer season when it was winter north of the equator:
| Hora Ancient name of summer (toga-hora, winter summer). Vanaga.
1. In haste (horahorau). 2. Summer, April; hora nui, March; vaha hora, spring. 3. 'Hour', 'watch'. 4. Pau.: hora, salted, briny. Ta.: horahora, bitter. Mq.: hoáhoá, id. 5. Ta.: hora, Tephrosia piscatoria, to poison fish therewith. Ha.: hola, to poison fish. Churchill.
Horahora, to spread, unfold, extend, to heave to; hohora, to come into leaf. P Pau.: hohora, to unfold, to unroll; horahora, to spread out, to unwrap. Mgv.: hohora, to spread out clothes as a carpet; mahora, to stretch out (from the smallest extension to the greatest), Mq.: hohoá, to display, to spread out, to unroll. Ta.: hohora, to open, to display; hora, to extend the hand in giving it. Churchill. |
Therefore heliacal Antares (Ana-mua, the star in front) would have been a suitable mark for summer. This means that when Hydum II was close to the Full Moon (in its nakshatra position instead of its heliacal position in May 24) it was November 23 (327 = 144 + 183) and the southern summer would have arrived. South of the equator the Sun had returned to Hine-raumati when north of the equator he had abandoned
Hine-takurua.
| no glyph |
 |
 |
 |
 |
 |
 |
| Ga1-1 |
Ga1-2 |
Ga1-3 |
Ga1-4 |
Ga1-5 |
Ga1-6 |
| 0h (*0) |
MARCH 22 |
23 |
24 |
EQUINOX |
26 |
27 |
| Hyadum II (δ¹ Tauri) (64.2) |
Net-19 |
no star listed (66) |
no star listed (67) |
Rohini-4 / Pidnu-sha-Shame-5 ANA-MURI |
no star listed (69) |
no star listed (70) |
| AIN, θ¹ Tauri, θ² Tauri (65.7) |
ALDEBARAN (68.2), Theemin (68.5) |
| May 24 |
25 (145 = 5 * 29) |
26 |
27 |
28 |
29 |
30 |
| 'April 27 |
28 (118 = 472 / 4) |
29 |
30 |
'May 1 (*41) |
2 |
3 |
| "April 13 |
14 (104 = 8 * 13) |
15 |
16 |
17 (*27) |
18 |
19 |
| NAKSHATRA DATES: |
| SEPTEMBER 20 |
21 (264 = 81 + 183) |
EQUINOX (*185) |
23 |
24 |
25 |
26 |
| Heart-5 |
ρ Ophiuchi (248.1), Kajam (248.3), χ Ophiuchi (248.5), She Low, ι Tr. Austr. (248.7), ζ Tr. Austr. (248.8) |
Al Kalb-16 / Jyeshtha-18 / ANA-MUA |
γ Apodis (250.1), σ Herculis (250.3), θ Tr. Austr. (250.6), τ Scorpii (250.7) |
Han (251.0) |
ζ Herculis, η Tr. Austr. (252.1), η Herculis, β Apodis (252.5) |
Atria (253.9) |
| σ SCORPII (247.0), Hejian (247.2), ψ Ophiuchi (247.7) |
ANTARES (249.1), Marfik, φ Ophiuchi (249.5), ω Ophiuchi (249.8) |
| November 23 |
24 (328) |
25 |
26 |
27 |
28 |
29 |
| 'October 27 |
28 (301) |
29 (*222) |
30 |
31 |
'November 1 |
2 |
| "October 13 |
14 (287) |
15 (*208) |
16 |
17 |
18 |
19 |
Maybe the March equinox was not regarded as March 21 but as March 25, because anciently (at the time of the Hyades Gate) heliacal Aldebaran had risen with the Sun in MARCH 25.
... When Julius Caesar established his calendar in 45 BC he set March 25 as the spring equinox ...
The glyph pair Ga1-3--4 has a henua which is curved with its 'face' open in the forward direction and with its back convex. It could illustrate how at spring equinox the 'curvature' of the path of the Sun is changing much. This idea can then be used for explaining also the pair 41 days earlier:
 |
 |
 |
 |
| Gb7-22 |
Gb7-23 (204) |
Gb7-24 |
Gb7-25 |
| FEBRUARY 9 |
10 |
11 (42) |
12 (408) |
| τ Ceti (24.7) |
no star listed (25) |
ANA-NIA |
Al Sharatain-1 / Ashvini-1 / Bond-16 / Mahrū-sha-rishu-ku-2 |
| χ Ceti (26.1), POLARIS, Baten Kaitos (26.6), Metallah (26.9) |
Segin, Mesarthim, ψ Phoenicis (27.2), SHERATAN, φ Phoenicis (27.4) |
| April 14 |
15 |
16 (471) |
17 (107) |
| 'March 18 |
19 |
20 |
0h |
| "March 4 |
5 |
6 (65) |
7 |
| NAKSHATRA DATES: |
| AUGUST 11 |
12 |
13 (*145) |
14 |
| no star listed (207) |
τ Bootis (208.2), Benetnash (208.5), ν Centauri (208.7), μ Centauri, υ Bootis (208.8) |
no star listed (209) |
Muphrid (210.1), ζ Centauri (210.3) |
| October 14 |
15 |
16 |
17 (290) |
| 'September 17 (260) |
18 |
19 |
20 (*183) |
| "September 3 (246) |
4 |
5 (*168) |
6 |
In both cases a vaha mea (red opening) type of glyph follows the concave henua. There was a 'spring opening' here (at the First Point of Aries in Roman times respectively when Aldebaran rose with the Sun in MARCH 25).
| Vaha Hollow; opening; space between the fingers (vaha rima); door cracks (vaha papare). Vahavaha, to fight, to wrangle, to argue with abusive words. Vanaga.
1. Space, before T; vaha takitua, perineum. PS Mgv.: vaha, a space, an open place. Mq.: vaha, separated, not joined. Ta.: vaha, an opening. Sa.: vasa, space, interval. To.: vaha, vahaa, id. Fu.: vasa, vāsaà, id. Niuē: vahā. 2. Muscle, tendon; vahavaha, id. Vahahora (vaha 1 - hora 2), spring. Vahatoga (vaha 1 - toga 1), autumn. 3. Ta.: vahavaha, to disdain, to dislike. Ha.: wahawaha, to hate, to dislike. Churchill. |
| Mea 1. Tonsil, gill (of fish). 2. Red (probably because it is the colour of gills); light red, rose; also meamea. 3. To grow or to exist in abundance in a place or around a place: ku-mea-á te maîka, bananas grow in abundance (in this place); ku-mea-á te ka, there is plenty of fish (in a stretch of the coast or the sea); ku-mea-á te tai, the tide is low and the sea completely calm (good for fishing); mau mea, abundance. Vanaga.
1. Red; ata mea, the dawn. Meamea, red, ruddy, rubricund, scarlet, vermilion, yellow; ariga meamea, florid; kahu meamea purple; moni meamea, gold; hanuanua meamea, rainbow; pua ei meamea, to make yellow. Hakameamea, to redden, to make yellow. PS Ta.: mea, red. Sa.: memea, yellowish brown, sere. To.: memea, drab. Fu.: mea, blond, yellowish, red, chestnut. 2. A thing, an object, elements (mee); e mea, circumstance; mea ke, differently, excepted, save, but; ra mea, to belong; mea rakerake, assault; ko mea, such a one; a mea nei, this; a mea ka, during; a mea, then; no te mea, because, since, seeing that; na te mea, since; a mea era, that; ko mea tera, however, but. Hakamea, to prepare, to make ready. P Pau., Mgv., Mq., Ta.: mea, a thing. 3. In order that, for. Mgv.: mea, because, on account of, seeing that, since. Mq.: mea, for. 4. An individual; tagata mea, tagata mee, an individual. Mgv.: mea, an individual, such a one. Mq., Ta.: mea, such a one. 5. Necessary, urgent; e mea ka, must needs be, necessary; e mea, urgent. 6. Manners, customs. 7. Mgv.: ako-mea, a red fish. 8. Ta.: mea, to do. Mq.: mea, id. Sa.: mea, id. Mao.: mea, id. Churchill. |
|