next page previous page table of contents home

Below I have changed the ordinal numbers for the manazil in order to make them agree with those of Allen:

Manzil Ruling star RA day Begins on Number of days
Sheratan β Arietis 27.4 27.4 17 May (137) 14 14
Pleione 28 Tauri 56.3 28.9 31 May (151) 13 27
1 Albatain 27 Tauri (?) 56.3 0.0 13 June (164) 13 40
2 Al Tuwaibe'
α Tauri
68.2 11.9 26 June (177) 13 53
3 Heka
λ Orionis
83.2 15.0 9 July (190) 13 66
4 Alhena γ Gemini 103.8 20.6 22 July (203) 13 79
5 Murzim β Canis Min. (?) 111.6 7.8 4 Aug (216) 13 92
6 An Nathra ε Cancri 130.4 18.8 17 Aug (229) 13 105
7 Alterf λ Leonis 143.4 13.0 30 Aug (242) 13 118
8 Dschuba γ Leonis 155.5 12.1 12 Sept (255) 13 131
9 Azzubra  δ Leonis 169.2 13.7 25 Sept (268) 13 144
10 Assarfa  β Leonis 178.3 9.1 8 Oct (281) 13 157
11 Auva γ Virginis 191.5 13.2 21 Oct (294) 13 170
12 Simak α Virginis 202.7 11.2 3 Nov (307) 13 183
13 Syrma ι Virginis 215.6 12.9 16 Nov (320) 13 196

I have guessed the star 'Auva' is γ Virginis (Porrima), rising approximately 13 days after Denebola (δ Leonis):.

Allen:

"... γ was specially mentioned by Kazwini at itself being Zāwiat al Άwwā', the Angle, or Corner, of the Barker; and Al Tizini, with Ulug Beg, had much the same name for it; but Al Bīrūnī, quoting from Al Zajjāj, said that 'these people are all wrong', and that Άwwā' here meant 'Turn', referring to the turn, or bend, in the line of stars.

This interesting early figure is noticeable even to the casual observer, γ being midway between Spica and Denebola, the sides of the Kennel stretching off to the north and west, respectively marked by η and β, δ and ε.

In Babylonia it marked the 19th ecliptic constellation, Shur-mahrū-shirū, the Front, or West, Shur (?); while individually it was Kakkab Dan-nu, the Star of the Hero, and the reference point in their annals of an observation of Saturn¹ on the 1st of March, 228 B.C., the first mention of this planet that we have, and recorded by Ptolemy.

¹ Saturn was Χρόνος and Φαίνων, the Shiner, with the Greeks; Al Thākib, the Piercer, with the Arabs; and Saturnus, or Stella Solis, with the Latins.

The Chinese knew γ as Shang Seang, the High Minister of State."

The manzil Simak is said to be ruled by Spica, which agrees with its position in the manzil structure. But the meaning of 'simak' is unclear:

"The word Simāk is of disputed signification, and was a fruitful subject of discussion a century ago. It is from a root meaning 'to raise on high', and is thought to have been employed by the Arabs when they wished to indicate any prominent object high up in the heavens, but with special reference to this star [Arcturus, α Bootis] and to the other Simāk, Spica of the Virgin."

Could the creator of the Brazilian flag have known that Spica also was named Simāk?

Syrma is the name for ι Virginis in my star list and although Wikipedia has not given any ruling star for the manzil Syrma it is clear that its ruling star must be Syrma.

This is (according to Allen) the 13th manzil and there are precisely 215.6 (Syrma) - 111.6 (Gomeisa) = 104 days from the 5th to the 13th manzil. 104 = (13 - 5) * 13.

The number of days from August 4 (216) to November 16 (320) is also 104.

Counting days from Sheratan 1 up to and including Syrma 13 gives the result 196 (= 1 + 15 * 13). Which is equal to 27 + 13 * 13 (the distance in days from the beginning of Allen's first manzil, Albatain, to the end of Syrma).

There could be a connection with the day number for July 15, when in rongorongo times Pollux rose with the Sun:

Punarvasu 2 3 4 (90) 5
Heka 5 6 7 8 (61)
July 13 14 15 (196) 16
Cb4-17 (480) Cb4-18 Cb4-19 Cb4-20
erua marama tagata noho i to mea kua vaha
no star listed Markab Puppis (114.7), Procyon (114.9) σ Gemini (115.7), Pollux (116.2) Azmidiske (117.4)
U. Ashadha 11 Sravana 1 2 3 (275)
January 13 14 15 (380) 16
Shaula 11 12 13 (244) Al Naam 1
Sham (297.7) Tarazed (299.3) Altair (300.3) ι Sagittarii, Terebellum (301.2)

Tagata noho i to mea could refer to the point in time when Pollux followed the Sun from the horizon in the east up to zenith, when the immortal twin was 'raised on high'. North of the equator it was high summer.

South of the equator it was midwinter. But the Babylonian zodiac has a picture of a Dead Man being carried aloft ( 'raised on high') by an Eagle, probably corresponding to Aqulia, where Altair is the α star:

It is not certain that Cb4-19 is depicting someone onboard a boat - the vehicle could alternatively be the outline of an eagle with someone carried on its back.

Etana, the Babylonian dead man, was carried at front in the claws of the Eagle, but south of the equator it could be the opposite - he could be carried on the back.

"A Babylonian legend says that Etana was desperate to have a child, until one day he helped save an eagle from starving, who then took him up into the sky to find the plant of birth. This led to the birth of his son, Balih.

In the detailed form of the legend, there is a tree with the eagle's nest at the top, and a serpent at the base. Both the serpent and eagle have promised Utu (the sun god) to behave well toward one another, and they share food with their children.

But one day, the eagle eats the serpent's children. The serpent comes back and cries. Utu tells the serpent to hide inside of the stomach of a dead bull. The eagle goes down to eat the bull. The serpent captures the eagle, and throws him into a pit to die of hunger and thirst. Utu sends a man, Etana, to help the eagle. Etana saves the eagle, but he also asks the bird to find the plant of birth, in order to become father of a son. The eagle takes Etana up to the heaven of the god Anu, but Etana becomes afraid in the air and he goes back to the ground. He makes another attempt, and finds the plant of birth, enabling him to have Balih." (Wikipedia)

Could Cb4-20 be an emblem for the Eagle on wings with his claws in front (the Aquila constellation)? Maybe Cb4-19 refers to the heliacal position and Cb4-20 to the nakshatra position?