We have to reculer pour mieux sauter as the
French say, go back in order to jump better ahead.
We ought to return to Sheratan 1 because the key manzil day numbers, 225 and 408 (= 225 + 183),
are used in both G and C and because Sheratan is the
first of the manzils.
This implies Tauono
(rising 29 nights after the star Sheratan)
could define the beginning. But around 29 * 71 = 2059
years earlier the star Sheratan would have coincided
with the last manzil date Alrescha 15 (365).
When the last 6 (ono) of the Pleiades were seen close to
the full moon the old year could have broken apart,
koti-a(na), been 'carried away by the wind' (kua
rere):
Simak
11 |
|
12 (182) |
November 13 |
14 (318) |
ψ¹ Lupi
(236.7), ζ Cor. Borealis (236.9), ι Serpentis (237.4),
ψ² Lupi (237.5) |
γ Cor.
Borealis (237.7), Unuk Elhaia (237.9), π Cor. Borealis,
Cor Serpentis (238.1) |
|
|
Ca9-9 |
Ca9-10 |
kotia |
kua rere |
May 15 |
16 (136) |
Alrescha 14 (364) |
15 (365) |
Atiks,
Rana (55.1), Celaeno, Electra, Taygeta (55.3) |
Maia, Asterope, Merope
(55.6), Alcyone (56.1), Pleione, Atlas (56.3) |
Simak
13 |
Syrma 1
(184) |
2 |
3 |
November 15 |
16 |
17 (321) |
18 |
Chow
(238.6), κ Serpentis (239.3), δ Cor. Borealis, Tiānrǔ
(239.5) |
χ Lupi,
(239.6), ω Serpentis (239.7), Ba, χ Herculis (239.8). κ
Cor. Borealis, ρ Serpentis (239.9) |
ρ Scorpii
(240.8), ξ Lupi, λ Cor. Borealis (241.1), Zheng (241.2),
Vrischika
(241.3),
ε Cor. Borealis (241.5) |
Dschubba
(241.7), η Lupi (241.9), υ Herculis (242.3), ρ Cor.
Borealis (242.4) |
|
|
|
|
Ca9-11 |
Ca9-12 (240) |
Ca9-13 |
Ca9-14 (242) |
ki te
marama |
e moa |
haati
kava |
e moa |
May 17 |
18 |
19 |
20 |
Sheratan 1 |
2 |
3 (368) |
4 |
no star listed |
Menkhib (57.6) |
Zaurak (58.9),
λ Tauri
(59.3) |
ν Tauri (59.9) |
A
A. 1. Prep.:
for, over, by; a nei, over here; a ruga,
above; a te tapa, by the side. 2. Genitive
particle, used preceding proper names and singular
personal pronouns: te poki a Mateo, Mateo's
child; aana te kai, the food is his. 3. Particle
often used before nouns and pronouns, especially when
these are introduced by a preposition such as i, ki;
ki a îa, to him, for him. Vanaga.
Á. 1. Á
or also just a, article often used preceding
proper names and used in the meaning of 'son of...':
Hei á Paega, Hei, son of Paenga. 2.
Very common abbreviation of the
particle ana, used following verbs: ku-oti-á
= ku-oti-ana; peira-á = peira-ana.
3. (Also á-á.) Exclamation expressing surprise or
joy, which can also be used as a verb: he-aha-koe,
e-á-ana? what's happening with you, that you should
exclaim 'ah'? He tu'u au e-tahi raá ki te hare o Eva
i Puapae. I-ûi-mai-era ki a au, he-á-á-mai, he-tagi-mai
'ka-ohomai, e repa ê'. one day I came to Eva's house
in Puapae. Upon seeing me she exclaimed: 'ah, ah' and
she said, crying: 'Welcome, lad'. Vanaga. |
Rere
To jump; to run; to fly. Rere-taúra,
to carry a child astride on one's shoulder: ku
rere-taúra-á i te poki e te matu'a ki te gao, the
mother carries her child astride her neck. Vanaga.
1. To fly, to run, to leap, to scale,
to be carried away by the wind;
ika rere, flying fish; rere aruga, to
rebound; hetuu rere, meteor, flying star.
Hakarere, to leap. P Pau.: rere, to soar, to
fly; fakarere, to precede. Mgv., Ta.: rere,
to fly, to leap. 2. To come, to reach to. Mq.: éé mai,
to come. 3. To swerve, to deviate. (4. Hakarere,
to cease, desist, postpone, quit, vacation; tae
hakarere, perseverance. Mq.: rere, to
disappear. 5. Hakarere, to save, preserve, put,
place, reserve, burden, destine. 6. Hakarere, to
abandon, forsake, give up, depose, expose, leave, omit,
abjure, repudiate; hakarere ki te hau, uncover
the head; hakarere ki te vie, to divorce,
hakarere ki raro, to put down, tooa te kiko e ivi
i hakarere, to strip off the flesh. Mq.: éé,
to run away, to escape. 7. Hakarere? Ikapotu
hakarere, to abut, to adjoin; e tahi hakarere,
synonym.) Churchill.
Vi.: Lele, the end of a branch
farthest from the body of a tree; leletha, to
bend a branch in order to gather the fruit on it.
Churchill 2.
In the present phase of Polynesian
lele so much means to fly that the plainest way of
particularizing birds is to describe them as the flying
animals, manulele. But to manifest that flight,
an exercise or balancing of wings, was by no means the
primordial sense, for how could that give rise to a
description of water in the water-courses? It will be no
end to mass the several significations which lele
exhibits ... Flight of birds ... Wind drive ... Meteors
... To leap ... To run ... Flow of water ... To swim ...
To sail ... These several activities are exercised in
earth, air, and water. The common factor is the swift
motion. The means of motion cut no figure. It is an
invisible means in the driving of the wind, the flash of
the meteor silent athwart the sky on its lethal errand,
the slip and slide of the stream in its deep course, the
set of the sea, the gliding of the canoe upon its
surface. Churchill 2. |
Above I have tried to be more clear by lifting up
the heliacal stars to their heliacal dates in order to have Metoro's
readings closer to the nakshatra dates and stars. And I have also
blackmarked them to remind us they probably belong in the night
(together with Moon). But the Pleiades I have marked red (due to
their importance, greatness).
However,
considering a model which carries both 'a year in leaf' and 'a year in
straw' the beginning of the other 'bivalve shell' at the other end
of the sky, at Syrma instead of at Sheratan, cannot be pushed
aside as irrelevant. 368 / 2 = 184 = 2 * 92.
Vrischika
is π Scorpii and belongs in the 17th Hindu moon station, Anuradha:
14 |
Chitra |
α
Virginis |
Bright
jewel or pearl |
15 |
Svāti |
α Bootis |
Shoot of
plant, coral |
16 |
Visakha |
α, β, γ
and ι Librae |
Triumphal arch, potter's wheel |
17 |
Anuradha |
β, δ,
and
π
Scorpii |
Triumphal archway, lotus |
18 |
Jyeshtha |
α, σ,
and τ Scorpii |
Circular
amulet, umbrella, earring |
19 |
Mula |
ε, ζ, η,
θ, ι, κ, λ, and μ Scorpii |
Bunch of
roots tied together, elephant goad |
Vrischika |
π Scorpii |
2.89 |
26° 07′ S |
15h 55m |
242.3 |
Dschubba |
δ Scorpii |
2.29 |
22° 19′ S |
15h 57m |
242.7 |
Acrab |
β Scorpii |
2.56 |
19° 40′ S |
16h 03m |
244.3 |
By the
Chinese π Scorpii marked their 4th station, connected with a Hare.
The Chinese had only one star for each station (excepting Extended
Net with a pair of stars). The voyage of the (single) Sun around the
year was perhaps reflected in their system of stations.
1 |
Horn |
α Virginis |
Crocodile |
2 |
Neck |
κ Virginis |
Dragon |
3 |
Root |
α² Librae |
Badger |
4 |
Room |
π Scorpii |
Hare |
5 |
Heart |
σ Scorpii |
Fox |
6 |
Tail |
μ¹ Scorpii |
Tiger |
7 |
Winnowing
Basket |
γ Sagittarii |
Leopard |
Maybe the first Taurus star beyond the Pleiades, λ Tauri
(59.3), was thought of as connected with Vrischika because 241.3
(Vrischika) - 59.3 = 182.0.
"The title,
written also Pliades and, in the singular, Plias, has
commonly been derived from πλειν,
'to sail', for the heliacal rising of the group in May (sic!) marked
the opening of navigation to the Greeks, as its setting in the late
autumn did the close.
But this probably was an
afterthought, and a better derivation is from πλειος, the
Epic form of πλέως, 'full', or in the plural, 'many', a very
early astronomical treatise by an unknown Christian writer having
Plyades ā pluralitate.
This coincides with the
biblical Kīmāh and the Arabic word for them - Al Thurayya.
But as Pleione was the mother
of the seven sisters, it would seem still more plausible that from
her name our title originated." (Allen)
Nawaa |
Manzil |
Begins on |
Number
of days |
Stars |
Al
Thuraya |
Sheratan |
17 May
(137) |
14 |
14 |
Sheratan |
Pleione |
31 May
(151) |
13 |
27 |
Pleione |
Albatain |
13 June
(164) |
13 |
40 |
Albatain
in the Pleiades |
Al
Tuwaibe' |
Al
Tuwaibe' |
26 June
(177) |
13 |
53 |
Aldebaran |
Navigation in ancient
times depended on reliable winds, for it meant sailing ('to be
carried
away', kua rere).
Earlier we have found
the creator of the C text may have meant there could be winds during
200 days:
Alrescha
15 (365) |
|
Sheratan
1 |
2 |
3 |
May 16
(136) |
17 |
18 |
19 |
|
|
|
|
Ca3-5
(56) |
Ca3-6 |
Ca3-7 |
Ca3-8 |
ihe
tapamea |
e
tagata mau toki ki te henua |
e
hokohuki mau ki te matagi |
kiore i te henua |
Maia,
Asterope, Merope (55.6), Alcyone (56.1), Pleione,
Atlas (56.3) |
no star
listed |
Menkhib
(57.6) |
Zaurak
(58.9), λ Tauri (59.3) |
November
15 |
16 (320) |
17 |
18 |
Simak 13
(183) |
Syrma 1 |
2 |
3 |
χ Lupi, (239.6), ω
Serpentis (239.7), Ba, χ Herculis (239.8). κ Cor.
Borealis, ρ Serpentis (239.9) |
ρ Scorpii (240.8), ξ
Lupi, λ Cor. Borealis (241.1), Zheng (241.2),
Vrischika (241.3), ε
Cor. Borealis (241.5) |
Dschubba (241.7), η Lupi
(241.9), υ Herculis (242.3), ρ Cor. Borealis
(242.4), ι Cor. Borealis (242.5) |
ξ Scorpii (242.7),
Acrab, Jabhat al Akrab (243.3), θ Lupi, Rutilicus
(243.5), |
winter |
year in straw |
dry |
|
summer |
year in leaf |
humid |
|
Az Zubana. 4 (200) |
5 |
6 |
December 2 (336) |
3 |
4 |
|
|
|
Ca10-1 (256) |
Ca10-2 |
Ca10-3 |
Erua inoino |
kua hua te vai |
κ Ophiuchi (256.2) |
Cujam (256.9) |
no star listed |
June 3 |
4 |
5 (156) |
Pleione 4 |
5 |
6 (20) |
Hassaleh (73.6) |
Almaaz (74.7), Haedus I (74.8) |
5h (76.1) |
Haedus II (75.9), ε Leporis (76.0), Cursa (76.4) |
In my repetition above of the earlier
tables I have redmarked Vrischika. But I have not
corrected my error. In rongorongo times Vrischika
rose heliacally in day 240 + 1 = Gregorian day 320 +
1. Not in November 16 but in November 17. It was at
Ca3-7 Metoro identified mau ki te matagi,
emerging from hokohuki, not at Ca3-6.
Therefore Vrischika could have been connected with
wind.
Hua te vai, I have since discovered, has an
'antipodal' hua te rima (at least according
to Metoro):
Bharani,
the 2nd Hindu lunar station: |
8 |
9 |
10 |
11 |
Al
Muahkhar 12 |
13 (350) |
April 26 |
27 |
28 |
29 |
30 (120) |
May 1 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Ca2-10 |
Ca2-11 |
Ca2-12 |
Ca2-13 |
Ca2-14
(40) |
Ca2-15 |
ki te kea |
tagata oho ki
roto o to vai |
kua noho te kea |
kua hua te rima |
tagata oho |
ki te vai |
no
stars listed |
Head of
the Fly (39.6), Kaffaljidhma (39.8), Angetenar
(40.2) |
Right
Wing (40.9), Bharani (41.4) |
October
26 |
27 (300) |
28 |
29 |
30
(303) |
31 |
Auva 6 |
7 |
8 (165) |
9 |
10 |
11 |
φ
Virginis (218.7), σ Lupi (219.1), ρ Bootis (219.5) |
Haris (219.7), σ Bootis (220.2), η Centauri (220.4) |
ρ
Lupi (221.0), Toliman (221.2) |
π
Bootis (221.8), ζ Bootis (221.9),
31 Bootis (222.0), Yang Mun (222.1), Rijl al Awwa
(222.5) |
ο
Bootis (222.9), Izar (223.0),
109 Virginis (223.3) |
Zuben
Elgenubi (224.2),
ξ Bootis, ο Lupi (224.5) |
The nawaa Al Thuraya stretches for 40 nights and possibly
tagata oho in Ca2-14 indicates how a similar 40 days
(counted from March 21 instead of from May 17) is 'fully
grown'. The following day is May 1 when Bharani rose with
the Sun.
Altogether this makes me believe Sheratan 3
(368 = 4 * 92) - i.e. the night when λ Tauri rose with the Sun and
Vrischika descended with the Moon (in November 17, 241
days after March 21) - might have been a 'zero' night.
Moa in the previous night could show the
state before 'zero' and beyond the very special kava
glyph - which suits the letter
λ - another moa could illustrate a difference:
Simak
13 |
Syrma 1
(184) |
2 |
3 |
November 15 |
16 |
17 (321) |
18 |
Chow
(238.6), κ Serpentis (239.3), δ Cor. Borealis, Tiānrǔ
(239.5) |
χ Lupi,
(239.6), ω Serpentis (239.7), Ba, χ Herculis (239.8). κ
Cor. Borealis, ρ Serpentis (239.9) |
ρ Scorpii
(240.8), ξ Lupi, λ Cor. Borealis (241.1), Zheng (241.2),
Vrischika
(241.3),
ε Cor. Borealis (241.5) |
Dschubba
(241.7), η Lupi (241.9), υ Herculis (242.3), ρ Cor.
Borealis (242.4) |
|
|
|
|
Ca9-11 |
Ca9-12 (240) |
Ca9-13 |
Ca9-14 (242) |
ki te
marama |
e moa |
haati
kava |
e moa |
May 17 |
18 |
19 |
20 |
Sheratan 1 |
2 |
3 (368) |
4 |
no star listed |
Menkhib (57.6) |
Zaurak (58.9),
λ Tauri
(59.3) |
ν Tauri (59.9) |
But 4h / 24h * 365.25 = 60.9 and only in
May 21 could Sun (Taurus) break through the clouds:
The 3 'fingers' spreading out from the
head of the Scorpion could be equivalent to those
spreading out from ο Tauri
(close in time to Algenib Persei, which in rongorongo
times meant in RA day 50 = May 10, where we could read
5 * 10 = 50).
Syrma 4 (187) |
|
5 |
6 |
7 |
8 |
9
(192) |
Nov.
19 |
20 |
21 |
22 |
23 |
24 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Ca9-15 |
Ca9-16 |
Ca9-17 |
Ca9-18 |
Ca9-19 |
Ca9-20 (248) |
i te mauga pu
hia |
E rima ki te henua |
koia ku honui |
erua maitaki |
ko koe ra |
16h
(243.5) |
Marfik (243.7), φ Herculis (243.8) |
ψ
Scorpii (244.6), Lesath (244.8), χ Scorpii
(245.1), Yed Prior (245.5) |
no
star listed |
Yed
Posterior, Rukbalgethi Shemali (246.6). ο
Scorpii (246.8), σ Scorpii (247.0), Hejian
(247.2) |
ψ
Ophiuchi (247.7), ρ Ophiuchi (248.1), Kajam
(248.3), χ Ophiuchi (248.5) |
ι
Cor. Borealis (242.5), ξ Scorpii (242.7), Acrab,
Jabhat al Akrab (243.3), θ Lupi, Rutilicus
(243.5) |
May
21 (141) |
22 |
23 |
24
(144) |
25 |
26 |
Sheratan 5 |
6 |
7 |
8 |
9 |
10 |
4h (60.9) |
Beid (62.2) |
Hyadum I (63.4) |
Hyadum II (64.2) |
no star listed |
Ain, θ¹ Tauri, θ²
Tauri (65.7) |
no star listed |
|