From heliacal
Canopus at Ga2-1 to the
'Fish-hook' there were 10
days and then a further 16
days to Naos at the stern of
Argo Navis:
 |
 |
7 |
|
Ga1-30 |
Ga2-1 |
|
Furud (94.9) |
Well-22 |
|
δ Columbae (95.2),
TEJAT POSTERIOR,
Mirzam (95.4),
CANOPUS
(95.6), ε
Monocerotis (95.7),
ψ1 Aurigae (95.9) |
|
June 23 (6 * 29 =
174) |
St John's Eve |
|
ºJune 19 (170) |
20 (*91) |
|
'May 27 (7 * 21 =
147) |
28 (*68) |
|
"May 13 (7 * 19
=133) |
14 (*54 = 2 * 27) |
|
Purva Ashadha-20 |
|
KAUS MEDIUS,
κ Lyrae (277.5),
Tung Hae (277.7) |
KAUS AUSTRALIS
(278.3), ξ
Pavonis (278.4), Al
Athfar (278.6) |
|
December 23 (*277) |
Christmas Eve |
|
ºDecember 19 (*273) |
20 (354 = 12 * 29½) |
|
'November 26 (*250) |
27 |
|
"November 12 (*236) |
13 (317) |
 |
 |
 |
 |
11 |
| Ga2-9 |
Ga2-10 |
Ga2-11 (41) |
Ga2-12 |
| TE POU (Sirius) |
7h (106.5) |
| θ Gemini (103.0), ψ8 Aurigae (103.2), Alhena (103.8), ψ9 Aurigae (103.9) |
Adara (104.8) |
ω Gemini (105.4), Alzirr (105.7), Muliphein (105.8), Mekbuda (105.9) |
no star listed (106) |
| July 2 |
3 (*104) |
4 (185) |
5 |
| ºJune 28 |
29 (*466) |
30 (181) |
ºJuly 1 |
| 'June 5 |
6 (157) |
7 (*78) |
8 (525) |
| "May 22 |
23 (*63) |
24 (144) |
25 (*431) |
| Ain al Rami (286.2), δ Lyrae (286.3), κ Pavonis (286.5), Alya (286.6) |
ξ Sagittarii (287.1), ω Pavonis (287.3), ε Aquilae, ε Cor. Austr., Sulaphat (287.4), λ Lyrae (287.7), Ascella, Bered (Ant.) (287.9) |
Uttara Ashadha-21 |
19h (289.2) |
| NUNKI (288.4), ζ Cor. Austr. (288.5), Manubrium (288.8), ζ Aquilae (288.9) |
λ Aquilae (Ant.) (289.1), γ Cor. Austr (289.3), τ Sagittarii (289.4), ι Lyrae (289.5), δ Cor. Austr. (289.8) |
| January 1 (366) |
2 |
3 (*288) |
4 |
| ºDec 28 |
29 |
30 (364) |
31 (*285) |
| 'December 5 |
6 (*260) |
7 |
8 (342) |
| "November 21 |
22 (326) |
23 |
24 (*248) |
 |
 |
 |
 |
3 |
|
Ga2-24 |
Ga2-25 |
Ga2-26
(56) |
Ga2-27 |
|
φ
Gemini
(118.4) |
Drus
(119.9) |
ω
Cancri
(120.2) |
8h
(121.7) |
|
χ
Gemini
(121.0),
Naos
(121.3) |
|
July
17
(*118) |
18 |
19
(200) |
July
20
(201) |
|
ºJuly
13 |
14
(195) |
15
(*116) |
ºJuly
16 |
|
'June
20
(171
- 80
+
366
=
*457) |
Solstice |
22
(*93) |
'June
23
(*460) |
|
"June
6
(*77) |
7
(*444) |
8
(525) |
"June
9
(*80) |
|
ι
Sagittarii
(301.2),
Terebellum,
ξ
Aquilae
(301.3),
Alshain
(301.6),
φ
Aquilae
(301.8) |
ε
Pavonis,
θ
Sagittarii
(302.3),
γ
Sagittae
(302.5),
μ
Pavonis
(302.7) |
τ
Aquilae
(303.8) |
20h
(304.4) |
|
η
Sagittae
(304.2),
δ
Pavonis
(304.4) |
|
January
16
(*301) |
17 |
18
(383) |
January
19
(*304) |
|
ºJan 12 |
13
(378) |
14
(*299) |
ºJan
15
(*300) |
|
'December
20
(354) |
Solstice |
22 |
'December
23
(*277) |
|
"December
6
(*260) |
7 |
8
(342) |
"December
9 |
When the Sun was at Canopus around 26000 / 4 = 6500 years ago it meant he was a powerful spring sun, capable of sucking up all water puddles accumulated during winter. Also in rongorongo times and on Easter Island - south of the equator - heliacal Canopus could be described as the 'incarnation' of Sun when he
in January was
observed
close to the
Full Moon beginning to suck up the winter waters.
... 'The rays drink up the
little waters of the earth,
the shallow pools, making
them rise, and then descend
again in rain.' Then,
leaving aside the question
of water, he summed up his
argument: 'To draw up and
then return what one had
drawn - that is the life of
the world.'
The
bottom part of the little
henua in Ga3-2 is flat
like a water surface and the
open mouth above could
allude to 'sucking':
 |
 |
 |
 |
|
Ga3-2 (61) |
Ga3-3 |
Ga3-4 |
Ga3-5 |
|
χ Cancri
(125.2),
Bright Fire
(125.4) |
Avior
(126.4), φ
Cancri
(126.8) |
ο Ursa
Majoris
(127.4) |
Pushya-8 |
|
υ Cancri
(128.1),
θ CANCRI
(128.2), η
Cancri
(128.5) |
|
July 24
(*125) |
25 |
26 |
27 (208) |
|
ºJuly 20
(*121) |
21 |
22 |
23 (204) |
|
'June 27 |
28 (*465) |
29 (*100) |
30 (181) |
|
"June 13
(*84) |
14 (165) |
15 |
16 |
|
Al
Sa’d al
Dhabih-20 /
Ox Herd
Boy-9 |
Okul
(309.6), Bos
(309.9)
Arneb
|
Okul
(309.6), Bos
(309.9)
Alnilam
|
Rotten
Melon, φ
Pavonis
(311.2), η
Delphini
(311.4), ζ
Delphini, ρ
Pavonis
(311.7)
Phakt
|
|
DABIH
(308.0), κ
Sagittarii
(308.1),
Sadir
(308.4),
Peacock
(308.7) |
|
January 23
(388) |
24 |
25 (*310) |
26 |
|
ºJanuary 19
(*304) |
20 (385) |
21 |
22 |
|
'December 27 |
28 |
29 (*283) |
30 (364) |
|
"December 13
(*267) |
14 |
15 |
16 (350) |
Henua
in front in Ga3-5 has what
looks like a string of
feathers (maro)
growing up from below. Maybe
it was meant to illustrate
the opposite of grey ashes,
i.e. to state how a brightly
coloured burning new fire
here was drying up the
earth.
When Metoro
saw a hanging down 'feather
string' he normally said 'maro',
but not infrequently he
instead said kihikihi:
|
Kihi
Kihikihi,
lichen; also: grey,
greenish grey,
ashen. Vanaga.
Kihikihi,
lichen T, stone T.
Churchill.
The Hawaiian day was
divided in three
general parts, like
that of the early
Greeks and Latins, -
morning, noon, and
afternoon -
Kakahi-aka,
breaking the
shadows, scil.
of night; Awakea,
for Ao-akea,
the plain full day;
and Auina-la,
the decline of the
day.
The lapse of the
night, however, was
noted by five
stations, if I may
say so, and four
intervals of time,
viz.: (1.) Kihi,
at 6 P.M., or about
sunset; (2.) Pili,
between sunset and
midnight; (3) Kau,
indicating midnight;
(4.) Pilipuka,
between midnight and
surise, or about 3
A.M.; (5.)
Kihipuka,
corresponding to
sunrise, or about 6
A.M. ... (Fornander)
|
|
Maro
Maro: A sort
of small banner or
pennant of bird
feathers tied to a
stick. Maroa:
1. To stand up, to
stand. 2. Fathom
(measure). See
kumi.
Vanaga.
Maro: 1.
June. 2. Dish-cloth
T P Mgv.: maro,
a small girdle or
breech clout. Ta.:
maro, girdle.
Maroa: 1. A
fathom; maroa
hahaga, to
measure. Mq.: maó,
a fathom. 2.
Upright, stand up,
get up, stop, halt.
Mq.: maó, to
get up, to stand up.
Churchill.
Pau.: Maro,
hard, rough,
stubborn. Mgv.:
maro, hard,
obdurate, tough.
Ta.: mârô,
obstinate,
headstrong. Sa.:
mālō,
strong. Ma.:
maro,
hard, stubborn.
Churchill.
Ta.:
Maro,
dry, desiccated.
Mq.:
mao,
thirst, desiccated.
Fu.:
malo,
dry. Ha.:
malo,
maloo,
id. Churchill.
Mgv.:
Maroro,
the flying fish.
(Ta.:
marara,
id.) Mq.:
maoo,
id. Sa.:
malolo,
id. Ma.:
maroro,
id. Churchill. |
If the month
name Maro should coincide
with June, then the time
frame of Bharani would suit,
because Ga3-5 could then be
read as referring to
heliacal θ Cancri in "June
16.
|
Egyptian
nfr |
 |
Phoenician
teth |
 |
Greek
theta |
Θ (θ) |
|
...
The form of the
letter
θ suggests a midline
('waist'), although
the origin of θ is
the Phoenician
tēth which means
'wheel'. This in
turn could have
originated from a
glyph named 'good'
which in Egypt was
nfr ...
... θ is the last
star in the Ara
constellation, and
the ancient meaning
of this letter was
described as a wheel
by the Phoenicians
but for the Egyptian
it meant 'good'.
When the wheel of
time has come full
cycle around and the
upside down
fire-altar is in the
past the times ahead
should be good (or
lucky Sa'ad)
... |
And in the
early dawn of "June 16 the
star ρ Gemini would reappear
after its conjunction with
the Sun in "May 31:
 |
 |
 |
 |
 |
 |
|
Ga2-18 |
Ga2-19 |
Ga2-20 (50) |
Ga2-21 |
Ga2-22 |
Ga2-23 |
|
Ghost-23 |
Al Dhirā'-5 /
Punarvasu-7 |
ANA-TAHUA-VAHINE-O-TOA-TE-MANAVA |
α Monocerotis
(115.4), σ
Gemini (115.7) |
κ Gemini
(116.1),
POLLUX
(116.2), π
Gemini (116.9) |
Azmidiske
(117.4) |
|
ρ GEMINI
(112.1), Eskimo
Nebula (112.2)
Antares
|
CASTOR
(113.4) |
υ Gemini
(114.0), Markab
Puppis (114.7),
ο Gemini
(114.8),
PROCYON
(114.9) |
|
July 11 (*112) |
12 (193) |
13 (194 - 80 +
366 = *480) |
14 |
15 |
16 |
|
ºJuly 7 (*108) |
8 |
9 |
10 (*477) |
11 |
12 (193) |
|
'June 14 (165) |
15 |
16 |
17 (*88) |
18 (*455) |
19 |
|
"May 31 (151) |
"June 1 |
2 (*73) |
3 |
4 |
5 (*442) |
|
ν Aquilae (Ant.)
(295.0), Albireo
(295.5) |
μ Aquilae
(296.3), ι
Aquilae (Ant.)
(296.8), κ
Aquilae (Ant.)
(296.9) |
ε Sagittae
(297.1), σ
Aquilae (Ant.)
(297.4), Sham
(297.8) |
β Sagittae
(298.0), χ
Aquilae (298.3),
ψ Aquilae
(298.8) |
υ Aquilae
(299.1),
Tarazed
(299.3), δ
Sagittae
(299.6), π
Aquilae (299.9) |
Sravana-23 |
|
ζ Sagittae
(300.1),
ALTAIR
(300.3), ο
Aquilae (300.5),
Bezek (300.8) |
|
Jan 10 (*295) |
11 |
12 (377) |
13 |
14 |
15 (*300) |
|
ºJan 6 |
7 (372) |
8 |
9 |
10 (*295) |
11 |
|
'Dec 14 (*268) |
15 |
16 (350) |
17 |
18 |
19 |
|
"Nov 30 (*254) |
"Dec 1 |
2 (336) |
3 |
4 |
5 |
Beyond Ga3-5
there are 31 sequences of
glyphs ending in the same
way (kiore, henua,
and increasing maro -
i.e. dryness) and early I
identified this long text
structure with a calendar
for the year. At that time I
thought this calendar was
beginning at winter solstice
and that each sequence
corresponded to 13 days. 31
* 13 = 403 was however too
long and therefore I guessed
the last 3 sequences were
beyond the solar year. 28 *
13 = 364.
The 1st such
period with 13 days, in my
perceived calendar,
corresponded to the
following 8 glyphs:
|
1st |
|
 |
 |
 |
|
Ga2-27 |
Ga2-28 |
Ga2-29 |
Ga3-1 (60) |
|
8h (121.7) |
ρ Puppis (122.0),
Heap of Fuel
(122.1), ζ
Monocerotis (122.3),
ψ Cancri (122.6),
Regor (122.7) |
Tegmine
(123.3) |
Al Tarf
(124.3)
Ras Algethi
|
|
χ Gemini (121.0),
Naos
(121.3) |
|
July
20 (201) |
21 |
22 |
23 (*124) |
|
ºJuly 16 |
17 (*118) |
18 |
19 (200) |
|
'June 23 (*460) |
St John's Eve |
25 (*96) |
26 (177) |
|
"June 9 (*80) |
10 |
11 |
12 (163) |
|
20h (304.4) |
Shang Wei (305.2), θ
Sagittae (305.4),
Tseen Foo (305.6), ξ
Capricorni (305.8) |
Tso Ke (306.3) |
Gredi
(307.2), σ
Capricorni (307.5),
Alshat (307.9) |
|
η Sagittae (304.2),
δ Pavonis (304.4) |
|
Jan 19 (*304) |
20 (385) |
21 |
22 |
|
ºJan 15 (*300) |
16 |
17 |
18 (383) |
|
'Dec 23 (*277) |
Christmas Eve |
25 |
26 (360) |
|
"Dec 9 |
10 |
11 (*265) |
12 (346) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Ga3-2 (61) |
Ga3-3 |
Ga3-4 |
Ga3-5 |
|
χ Cancri (125.2),
Bright Fire
(125.4) |
Avior (126.4), φ
Cancri (126.8) |
ο Ursa Majoris
(127.4) |
Pushya-8 |
|
υ Cancri (128.1),
θ CANCRI
(128.2), η Cancri
(128.5) |
|
July 24 (*125) |
25 |
26 |
27 (208) |
|
ºJuly 20 (*121) |
21 |
22 |
23 (204) |
|
'June 27 |
28 (*465) |
29 (*100) |
30 (181) |
|
"June 13 (*84) |
14 (165) |
15 |
16 |
|
Al Sa’d al
Dhabih-20 /
Ox Herd Boy-9 |
Okul (309.6), Bos
(309.9)
Arneb
|
Okul (309.6), Bos
(309.9)
Alnilam
|
Rotten Melon, φ
Pavonis (311.2), η
Delphini (311.4), ζ
Delphini, ρ Pavonis
(311.7)
Phakt
|
|
DABIH
(308.0), κ
Sagittarii (308.1),
Sadir (308.4),
Peacock (308.7) |
|
Jan 23 (388) |
24 |
25 (*310) |
26 |
|
ºJan 19 (*304) |
20 (385) |
21 |
22 |
|
'Dec 27 |
28 |
29 (*283) |
30 (364) |
|
"Dec 13 (*267) |
14 |
15 |
16 (350) |
Al Tarf (The
End) close to the Full Moon
could indeed once have
marked the end of the
darkest time of the year,
but since then precession
must have moved its position
ahead. In Roman times Al
Tarf had been possible to
observe close to the Full
Moon in day 360 ('December
26).
When I
thought I here had
identified a calendar for
the year I did not think
about stars which carried
their meanings with them in
spite of Sun beginning
earlier every year. Indeed I
was not even considering the
possibility of connecting a
calendar for the year with
stars - I thought a calendar
for the year obviously had
to be dictated exclusively
by the current positions of
the Sun, which I also
thought I could perceive
from the glyphs.
|