5. I suggest Rano Kau represents the time of winter solstice. South of the equator the direction to the pole (where winter solstice should be located) is not north but south. The southwestern corner of Easter Island lies in this direction.
When the explorers reached the top they reached winter solstice. The word tuu has many uses but it clearly implies a straight pole:
With the year beginning at the pole (winter solstice) it is necessary to have the other end of the pole at summer solstice. The Polynesians certainly knew there was a symmetry between the southern and northern hemispheres, not only in space but also in time. Winter was located in the north above the belt of the equator and in the south below the equator. When constructing a house you need uprights (poles) and this may have been the origin of the idea of a new house at a solstice. And when everything stood still it would be easier to build: In Mexican cosmology the sky fell down as the result of a prolonged rainy spell. Two gods changed themselves into trees with which it was then supported. Rain also caused the collapse of the sky in a story told by the Kato of the northwestern United States. Naga-itcho, Great Traveler, saw that the old sky which was made of sandstone and badly cracked in places was about to fall, so he and Thunder constructed a new sky. They supported it on pillars with openings at the cardinal points for clouds, winds, and mist to pass through and laid out winter and summer trails for the Sun to follow. Then it rained for many days and the old sky fell as they had anticipated. Water covered everything on the earth. When the rains ceased Naga-itcho and Thunder raised the new sky and set it in place. 'It was very dark', the curious myth continues. 'Then it was that this new earth with its long horns got up and walked down from the north'. With Naga-itcho riding on its head, it traveled far south and settled down in the place where it now lies, surrounded by the Great Waters ... The American Indian myths, anthropologists have suggested, symbolize man's early efforts at house building. The evolution from pit houses to terraced pueblos still seen in the Southwest is indeed an achievement worthy of commemoration. Among the tropical Polynesians house building was a fairly simple problem and architecture reached its highest development in New Zealand where materials were abundant and the climate necessitated structures capable of excluding the winter cold. The myth in question must have originated in the remote past and was brought from the Asiatic mainland where somewhat greater extremes of temperature marked the progress of the year. Tu the Sky-propper used arrowroot trees to support the sky after it had collapsed. So, too, men learned by trial and error how to plant posts firmly enough in the ground to support the rafters on which the roof rested. It could not have been easy to make a stable structure which would withstand wind and rain, and doubtless many a roof collapsed which its builder had considered rather a neat job. Consequently, as primitive man strove to hew out posts and rafters with half-shaped stone axes and to fasten them together in some manner so that they would carry the weight of the thatched roof and not blow down in the first hard wind, he must often have looked up at the sky and marveled that it stood so firm through tempest and hurricane and have speculated as to how it was ever raised so high above trees and mountain tops in the first place. As his repeated efforts to keep a shelter over the heads of his wife and children, as well as his own, ended in disaster, perhaps he consoled himself with the thought that even the gods must have suffered many failures before they finally succeeded in making the sky stay up there where it belonged. (Makemson) |