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Sun determined the seasons of the year and the face of the Full Moon was looked at in order to find out where the Sun was not; the nakshatra method. It was a logic of contrast.

In late winter - north of the equator - Leo would be in full view in the night and he could therefore not be at the Sun simultaneously. It had to be winter because from ancient times the Sun had ruled like a ferocious Lion in summer.

A problem when reading the rongorongo texts is to determine if the glyphs were intended to depict what could be seen in the night sky or if the glyphs were identifying positions of the Sun.

However, on Easter Island the seasons were 'upside down', and when for instance in late September the Sun was at Leo (which could not have been directly observed in the night sky because the Sun was there) it was late winter on Easter Island. And when Leo was visible at the Full Moon it meant it was late in summer (in March) - not in September (late winter). In other words, they could connect the star figures close to the Full Moon with the seasons of their Sun. It was as if the Sun had moved to the Full Moon. It was as if the Sun had 'changed sex' and become Hotu.

Hotu

Ta.: hotu, to produce fruit, Sa.: fotu, id. Mgv.: akahotu, the September season. Churchill.

H.: Hoku,  Night of the full moon. When this moon set before daylight it was called Hoku Palemo, Hoku that slips away. When it set after daylight it was called Hoku Ili, grounded Hoku. Ka mahina o Hoku, the full moon of the night Hoku. Cf. hōkū, star. Hō kū, star. (PPN fetu'u). Wehewehe.

... When this tremendous task had been accomplished Atea took a third husband, Fa'a-hotu, Make Fruitful. Then occurred a curious event. Whether Atea had wearied of bringing forth offspring we are not told, but certain it is that Atea and her husband Fa'a-hotu exchanged sexes. Then the [male] eyes of Atea glanced down at those of his wife Hotu and they begat Ru. It was this Ru who explored the whole earth and divided it into north, south, east, and west ...

Manuscript E (p.1)

1

ko oto uta

ariki motongi

2

ko tangaroa.a oto uta

ariki motongi

3

ko tiki hati.a tangaroa

ariki motongi

4

ko roroi.a tiki hati

ariki motongi

5

ko tuu kumā.a roroi

ariki motongi

6

ko ataranga.a tuu kumā

ariki motongi

7

ko harai.a ataranga

ariki motongi

8

ko taana.a harai

ariki motongi

9

ko matua.a taana

ariki motongi

10

ko hotu.a matua

ariki motongi

O maori te ariki nei. etahi te angahuru. ko maori. te ingoa o te kainga. ko marae renga te ingoa. o te maara noho o te ariki.nui.ko ma rae tohia te rua maara noho o te ariki.

We can therefore be fairly certain that the rising kahi huga at the horizon in the east (in Cb2-15) was meant to tell about the position of the Crow at Ain in Taurus:

November 13 14 15 16 (320 = 80 + 240)
κ Librae (237.2), ι Serpentis (237.4), ψ² Lupi, ρ Oct. (237.5), γ Cor. Borealis, η Librae (237.7),  COR SERPENTIS = α Serpentis (237.9) π Cor. Borealis, UNUK ELHAIA (Necks of the Serpents) = λ Serpentis (238.1), CHOW = β Serpentis (238.6) κ Serpentis (239.3), δ Cor. Borealis, TIĀNRŪ = μ Serpentis (239.5), χ Lupi, (239.6), ω Serpentis (239.7), BA = ε Serpentis, χ Herculis (239.8). κ Cor. Borealis, ρ Serpentis (239.9) λ Librae (240.0), β Tr. Austr. (240.3), κ Tr. Austr. (240.4), ρ Scorpii (240.8)
Cb2-4 Cb2-5 Cb2-6 (422 = 414 + 4 + 4) Cb2-7 (31)
te ua koia ra kua tuku ki to mata - ki tona tukuga e kiore - henua - pa rei
δ Persei (54.7) Al Thurayya-27 / Krittikā-3 MENKHIB (Next to the Pleiades) = ζ Persei (57.6)

PORRIMA (γ Virginis)

TAU-ONO (Six Stones)

ATIKS = ο Persei, RANA (Frog) = δ Eridani (55.1), CELAENO (16 Tauri), ELECTRA (17), TAYGETA (19), ν Persei (55.3), MAIA (20), ASTEROPE (21), MEROPE (23) (55.6)

Temennu-3 (Foundation Stone)

Hairy Head-18 (Cockerel)

ALCYONE (56.1), PLEIONE (28 Tauri), ATLAS (27) (56.3)

May 14 15 (365 + 135 = 500) 16 (136 = 80 + 56) 17
6 November 23 (327) 24 25
Heart-5 (Fox)

σ SCORPII (247.0), HEJIAN = γ Herculis (247.2), ψ Ophiuchi (247.7)

ρ Ophiuchi (248.1), KAJAM (Club) = ω Herculis (248.3), χ Ophiuchi (248.5), SHE LOW (Market Tower) = υ Ophiuchi, Tr. Austr. (248.7), ζ Tr. Austr. (248.8) Al Kalb-16 / Jyeshtha-18 / ANA-MUA-1 (Entrance pillar)

ANTARES = α Scorpii (249.1), MARFIK (Elbow)  = λ Ophiuchi, φ Ophiuchi (249.5),  ω Ophiuchi (249.8)

Cb2-14 Cb2-15 Cb2-16 (40)
kua pua to hau te kahi huga kiore - henua
HYADUM II = δ¹ Tauri (64.2) Net-19 (Crow)

AIN (Eye) = ε Tauri, θ¹ Tauri, θ² Tauri (65.7)

no star listed (66)
May 24 (144 = 509 - 365) 25 26

By correlating te kahi huga in Cb2-15 with the Full Moon at the position in the night sky where Taurus half a year earlier had risen heliacally in the east, it was possible to deduce the Sun had reached the opposite side of the year, viz. to the Scorpion - corresponding to the Blue Dragon of the Chinese. Their White Tiger was in the night sky when their Blue Dragon was at the Sun and it was November.

In China, north of the equator, it was late autumn in November, while at the same time on Easter Island it was in November and early summer, and therefore the mouth of the tuna 'gentleman' (tagata hoonui) in Cb2-15 could have been drawn open in order to indicate the position of an observer in Polynesia south of the equator.

Honui

1. Person worthy of respect, person of authority. 2. Livelihood, heirloom, capital; ka moe koe ki toou hônui, you must marry to ensure your livelihood (said to a little girl); he hônui mo taaku poki, this is the heirloom for my son. Vanaga.

Great (hoonui); honui, chief T.; tagata hoonui, personage; hakahonui, to praise, to commend. Churchill.

Vaha

Hollow; opening; space between the fingers (vaha rima); door cracks (vaha papare). Vahavaha, to fight, to wrangle, to argue with abusive words. Vanaga.

1. Space, before T; vaha takitua, perineum. PS Mgv.: vaha, a space, an open place. Mq.: vaha, separated, not joined. Ta.: vaha, an opening. Sa.: vasa, space, interval. To.: vaha, vahaa, id. Fu.: vasa, vāsaà, id. Niuē: vahā. 2. Muscle, tendon; vahavaha, id. Vahahora (vaha 1 - hora 2), spring. Vahatoga (vaha 1 - toga 1), autumn. 3. Ta.: vahavaha, to disdain, to dislike. Ha.: wahawaha, to hate, to dislike.  Churchill.

Mea

1. Tonsil, gill (of fish). 2. Red (probably because it is the colour of gills); light red, rose; also meamea. 3. To grow or to exist in abundance in a place or around a place: ku-mea-á te maîka, bananas grow in abundance (in this place); ku-mea-á te ka, there is plenty of fish (in a stretch of the coast or the sea); ku-mea-á te tai, the tide is low and the sea completely calm (good for fishing); mau mea, abundance. Vanaga.

1. Red; ata mea, the dawn. Meamea, red, ruddy, rubricund, scarlet, vermilion, yellow; ariga meamea, florid; kahu meamea purple; moni meamea, gold; hanuanua meamea, rainbow; pua ei meamea, to make yellow. Hakameamea, to redden, to make yellow. PS Ta.: mea, red. Sa.: memea, yellowish brown, sere. To.: memea, drab. Fu.: mea, blond, yellowish, red, chestnut. 2. A thing, an object, elements (mee); e mea, circumstance; mea ke, differently, excepted, save, but; ra mea, to belong; mea rakerake, assault; ko mea, such a one; a mea nei, this; a mea ka, during; a mea, then; no te mea, because, since, seeing that; na te mea, since; a mea era, that; ko mea tera, however, but. Hakamea, to prepare, to make ready. P Pau., Mgv., Mq., Ta.: mea, a thing. 3. In order that, for. Mgv.: mea, because, on account of, seeing that, since. Mq.: mea, for. 4. An individual; tagata mea, tagata mee, an individual. Mgv.: mea, an individual, such a one. Mq., Ta.: mea, such a one. 5. Necessary, urgent; e mea ka, must needs be, necessary; e mea, urgent. 6. Manners, customs. 7. Mgv.: ako-mea, a red fish. 8. Ta.: mea, to do. Mq.: mea, id. Sa.: mea, id. Mao.: mea, id. Churchill.

For the beginning of the G text I have assumed the rising Aldebaran was illustrated as the vaha mea kind of shark in Ga1-4 in order to refer to the ancient time when this great red star was at the northern spring equinox:

0h (80) MARCH 22 (*1) 23 24 JULIAN EQUINOX
May 24 (*64) 25 26 27 28 (148)
HYADUM II = δ¹ Tauri (64.2) Net-19 (Crow)

AIN (Eye) = ε Tauri, θ¹ Tauri, θ² Tauri (65.7)

no star listed (66) no star listed (67) Rohini-4 / Pidnu-sha-Shame-4 (Furrow of Heaven) / ANA-MURI-2 (Rear pillar - at the foot of which was the place for tattooing)

ALDEBARAN = α Tauri (68.2), THEEMIN = υ² Eridani (68.5)

no glyph
Ga1-1 Ga1-2 Ga1-3 Ga1-4
Heart-5 (Fox)

σ SCORPII (247.0), HEJIAN = γ Herculis (247.2), ψ Ophiuchi (247.7)

ρ Ophiuchi (248.1), KAJAM (Club) = ω Herculis (248.3), χ Ophiuchi (248.5), SHE LOW (Market Tower) = υ Ophiuchi, Tr. Austr. (248.7), ζ Tr. Austr. (248.8) Al Kalb-16 / Jyeshtha-18 / ANA-MUA-1 (Entrance pillar)

ANTARES = α Scorpii (249.1), MARFIK (Elbow)  = λ Ophiuchi, φ Ophiuchi (249.5),  ω Ophiuchi (249.8)

γ Apodis (250.1), σ Herculis (250.3), θ Tr. Austr. (250.6), τ Scorpii (250.7) HAN = ζ Ophiuchi (251.0)
SEPTEMBER 20 21 (264) 22 23 (*186) 24
November 23 (327) 24 25 26 (*250) 27

Its open mouth ought to indicate the beginning of the season of Sun light. Finding nakshatra Ophiuchus in the night meant the Sun had to be at the opposite side of the year and this was in Taurus. However, in Polynesia Aldebaran was said to be a place noted for tattooing and on Easter Island this place should therefore have been where the black cloth of night was arriving, i.e late in autumn.

... When the man, Ulu, returned to his wife from his visit to the temple at Puueo, he said, 'I have heard the voice of the noble Mo'o, and he has told me that tonight, as soon as darkness draws over the sea and the fires of the volcano goddess, Pele, light the clouds over the crater of Mount Kilauea, the black cloth will cover my head. And when the breath has gone from my body and my spirit has departed to the realms of the dead, you are to bury my head carefully near our spring of running water. Plant my heart and entrails near the door of the house. My feet, legs, and arms, hide in the same manner. Then lie down upon the couch where the two of us have reposed so often, listen carefully throughout the night, and do not go forth before the sun has reddened the morning sky. If, in the silence of the night, you should hear noises as of falling leaves and flowers, and afterward as of heavy fruit dropping to the ground, you will know that my prayer has been granted: the life of our little boy will be saved.' And having said that, Ulu fell on his face and died ...

If the rising shark in Ga1-4 was representing Aldebaran - which is one of my very few basic axioms - it follows that the text should here be read as referring to circumstances north of the equator - and not to the Blue Dragon but to the White Tiger. When the Sun was at the White Tiger it was autumn on Easter Island.

180
Ga1-4 Ga7-16
ALDEBARAN ANTARES
White Tiger Blue Dragon
Autumn Spring

On the other hand, when Metoro said te hoea (instrument for tattooing) at the beginning of side a on the C tablet it ought to have meant autumn north of the equator:

September 20 21 Equinox 23 (266) 24 (*187)
ALCHITA = α Corvi, MA WEI (Tail of the Horse) = δ Centauri (183.1), MINKAR (Nose) = ε Corvi (183.7), ρ Centauri (183.9) PÁLIDA (Pale) = δ Crucis (184.6), MEGREZ (Root of the Tail) = δ Ursae Majoris (184.9) Hasta-13 / Chariot-28 (Worm)

GIENAH (Wing) = γ Corvi (185.1), ε Muscae (185.2), ζ Crucis (185.4), ZANIAH (Corner) = η Virginis (185.9)

CHANG SHA (Long Sand-bank) = ζ Corvi (186.3) INTROMETIDA = ε Crucis (187.4), ACRUX = α Crucis (187.5)
no glyph
Ca1-1 Ca1-2 Ca1-3 Ca1-4
koia ki te hoea ki te henua te rima te hau tea
Al Fargh al Thāni (Rear Spout)-25

0h (365.25)

CAPH (Hand) = β Cassiopeiae, SIRRAH (Navel of the Horse) = α Andromedae (0.5), ε Phoenicis, γ³ Oct. (0.8)
Uttara Bhādrapadā-27 / Wall-14 (Porcupine)

ο Oct. (1.3), ALGENIB PEGASI (The Side of Pegasus) = γ Pegasi (1.8)

χ Pegasi (2.1), θ Andromedae (2.7) σ Andromedae (3.0), ι Ceti (3.3), ζ Tucanae (3.5), ρ Andromedae, π Tucanae (3.7) no star listed (4)
March 21 (0h) 22 (81) 23 24 Julian equinox (84)

Once upon a time when SEPTEMBER 22  had been at heliacal Antares the Man standing with a string at left in Ga1-2 could have described a string alignment between a pair of stars using a load stone ('heart') - reasonably in the nighttime and perhaps looking for Ain (Bull's Eye). The figure in Ga1-1 resembles that in Ca1-2 but it could have been used for illustrating the horns of the Bull.

String games (kaikai) were probably not allowed when the sun was on its way up from the horizon in the east and the string at left in Ga1-2 should have meant it was an event in the past.

0h (80) MARCH 22 (*1) 23 24 JULIAN EQUINOX
May 24 (*64) 25 26 27 28 (148)
HYADUM II = δ¹ Tauri (64.2) Net-19 (Crow)

AIN (Eye) = ε Tauri, θ¹ Tauri, θ² Tauri (65.7)

no star listed (66) no star listed (67) Rohini-4 / Pidnu-sha-Shame-4 (Furrow of Heaven) / ANA-MURI-2 (Rear pillar - at the foot of which was the place for tattooing)

ALDEBARAN = α Tauri (68.2), THEEMIN = υ² Eridani (68.5)

no glyph
Ga1-1 Ga1-2 Ga1-3 Ga1-4
Heart-5 (Fox)

σ SCORPII (247.0), HEJIAN = γ Herculis (247.2), ψ Ophiuchi (247.7)

ρ Ophiuchi (248.1), KAJAM (Club) = ω Herculis (248.3), χ Ophiuchi (248.5), SHE LOW (Market Tower) = υ Ophiuchi, Tr. Austr. (248.7), ζ Tr. Austr. (248.8) Al Kalb-16 / Jyeshtha-18 / ANA-MUA-1 (Entrance pillar)

ANTARES = α Scorpii (249.1), MARFIK (Elbow)  = λ Ophiuchi, φ Ophiuchi (249.5),  ω Ophiuchi (249.8)

γ Apodis (250.1), σ Herculis (250.3), θ Tr. Austr. (250.6), τ Scorpii (250.7) HAN = ζ Ophiuchi (251.0)
SEPTEMBER 20 21 (264) 22 23 (*186) 24
November 23 (327) 24 25 26 (*250) 27

The string hanging down in front in Ca1-4 has only one mata and the other, which could be expected further down and functioning as heart, is not there. Possibly it meant there was no star at March 25 (the Julian equinox), no star in the night sky close to the Full Moon when the Sun reached Acrux.

The open mouth at Antares in Ga7-16 probably indicated this was the place which on Easter Island corresponded to the position of Aldebaran north of equator, viz. the place where the Sun would open up (vaha mea) the summer half of the year. It was as if the Sun had moved to the Full Moon. It was as if the Sun had 'changed sex' and become Hotu:

SEPTEMBER 20 21 (*184) EQUINOX 23 24 25 (268)
Ga7-14 Ga7-15 (184) Ga7-16 Ga7-17 Ga7-18 Ga7-19
Heart-5 (Fox)

σ SCORPII (247.0), HEJIAN = γ Herculis (247.2), ψ Ophiuchi (247.7)

ρ Ophiuchi (248.1), KAJAM (Club) = ω Herculis (248.3), χ Ophiuchi (248.5), SHE LOW (Market Tower) = υ Ophiuchi, Tr. Austr. (248.7), ζ Tr. Austr. (248.8) Al Kalb-16 / Jyeshtha-18 / ANA-MUA-1 (Entrance pillar)

ANTARES = α Scorpii (249.1), MARFIK (Elbow)  = λ Ophiuchi, φ Ophiuchi (249.5),  ω Ophiuchi (249.8)

γ Apodis (250.1), σ Herculis (250.3), θ Tr. Austr. (250.6), τ Scorpii (250.7) HAN = ζ Ophiuchi (251.0) ζ Herculis, η Tr. Austr. (252.1), η Herculis, β Apodis (252.5)
November 23 (327) 24 25 26 (*250) 27 28
°November 19 20 (324) 21 22 (*246) 23 24
'October 27 (300) 28 29 (*222) 30 31 'November 1
"October 13 14 Tagaroa Uri 15 16 17 (290) 18
NAKSHATRA DATES:
MARCH 22 23 24 (*368) EQUINOX 26 (85) 27
Net-19 (´Crow)

AIN (Eye) = ε Tauri, θ¹ Tauri, θ² Tauri (65.7)

no star listed (66) no star listed (67) Rohini-4 / Pidnu-sha-Shame-4 (Furrow of Heaven) / ANA-MURI-2 (Rear pillar - at the foot of which was the place for tattooing)

ALDEBARAN = α Tauri (68.2), THEEMIN = υ² Eridani (68.5)

no star listed (69) no star listed (70)
May 25 (*65) 26 27 (*432) 28 29 30 (150)
°May 21 22 23 (*428) 24 25 26 (146)
'April 28 (*403) 29 30 (*40) 'May 1 2 3 (123)
"April 14 (104) 15 16 (*26) 17 (*392) 18 (473) 19
Ga1-1 Ga1-2 Ga1-3 Ga1-4 Ga1-5 Ga1-6

Instead of a plumb line hanging down at left (Ga1-2) - for use in the night - there is in Ga7-15 exhibited a rising string with 6 black 'berries', probably alluding to Tau-ono in the day before the Foundation Stone. *249 (Antares) - *55 (Tau-ono) = 192 (= 6 * 32). There were 6 seated Mayan gods who created order by placing it in Black-Is-Its-Center.

... Rehua has been variously identified with Jupiter by Tregear, with Sirius by Stowell, and with Antares by Best, and there can be no doubt that the name was applied to different objects in various sections of New Zealand. An old native declared: 'Rehua is a star, a bird with two wings; one wing is broken. Under the unbroken wing is Te Waa-o-Tamarereti (the Canoe of Tamarereti is the Tail of Scorpius in this instance). When Rehua mates with his wife Pekehawani (a star close to Antares) the ocean is windless and motionless.' Antares, visible in the morning sky of December-January, came to stand for summer heat; hence the saying, 'Rehua cooks (ripens) all fruit'. The generally accepted version of the Rehua myth, according to Best, is that Rehua had two wives, the stars on either side of Antares. One was Ruhi-te-rangi or Pekehawani, the personification of summer languor (ruhi), the other Whaka-onge-kai, She-who-makes-food-scarce before the new crops can be harvested ...

On the other hand, from the Mayan perspective (north of the equator) Aldebaran was like Zotz with an 'open mouth' (vaha mea) in contrast to the closed mouth of Moan:

1 Pop (20) 2 Uo 3 Zip 4 Zotz (80)
5 Tzek (100) 6 Xul 7 Yaxkin 8 Mol (160)
RAIN:
9 Ch'en (180) 10 Yax 11 Sac 12 Ceh (240)
200
13 Mac (260) 14 Kankin 15 Moan (300)
BREAK (paxih)
16 Pax (320) 17 Kayab 18 Cumhu 19 Vayeb (365)

Although Moan (Muan) apparently meant an owl, there seems to be a mystery here: ... The sixth bird of Madrid is an owl, identified by Seler as the muan bird ... However, the Moan creature in my table above was identified as a falcon.

... Six glyphs at least are clearly pictographic in base: Pop, mat; Zotz, bat; Xul, ?; Kankin, skeleton ribs; Moan, falcon; Kayab, turtle ...

To make sense of this it seems necessary to see Moan above as the place where the Morning Sun Falcon (Horus) ended his rule and Zotz as the place where the otherwise silent (for our ears) Bat would be calling out like a cock. However, it seems more reasonable to use the nakshatra method - when the Sun was absent the Falcon would be seen close to the Full Moon in the month of the Owl (Moan). And when the Bat was at the Full Moon it was in the month of the Falcon (Zotz).

HELICAL VIEW   NAKSHATRA VIEW
Morning Falcon Month of the Owl

(Moan)

Evening Owl Month of the Falcon

(Zotz)

The Mayas had time running from right to left and these birds are looking ahead. The mouth of the owl should therefore correspond to our sign of increasing in front (<).

Consequently, we can from the overview below guess the 'Owl' should come at the beginning (in the east), followed by the 'Crow' in the south, and then the Quetzal in the west, with the Macaw at the end (in the north):

... The third bird in Madrid is identified as a king vulture by Tozzer and Allen (1910) and as a crow by Villacorta (Villacorta and Villacorta 1930). Seler (1909, IV, 556) has also identified this bird as a vulture. However, the probable identifying glyph looks like yax. Quiche raxon (from *yax-) is 'blue dove', or a gray bird with blue wings. The fourth bird is very interesting, as the glyger which should correspond to its name is identical with that of the dog ... The bird is identified as an owl by Seeler (1902-1923, IV, 612) and as a 'Yucatan screech owl or Moan-bird' by Tozzer and Allen (1910). However, the muan bird is found as the eighth bird of this series, and this bird lacks the typical spotted tail of the muan bird. Villacorta calls it a paujil ('guan'), one of the Cracidae ...

We can recognize the eye of Seven Macaw in the north and in the south there seems to have been a Bull's Eye.

These bird eyes are telling and that of the Quetzal could possibly correspond to that at the Pleiades, where the sky roof 'eyebrow' was on its way up: