On side a of the G tablet the star positions were
evidently updated to the time of rongorongo (ca 1842 AD). The
creator of the text had kept
his precessional clock running and it was possible to
correlate the heliacal stars with the dates in the Gregorian
calendar.
On side b of the tablet the glyphs seem to
describe the positions of the nakshatra stars 27 precessional
days earlier, in Roman times. We can compare hakaturou in
Gb1-18 (where 118 = 4 * 29½) with hakaturou in Ga2-11:
|
38 |
APRIL 29 |
30 |
MAY 1
(*41) |
2 (122) |
200 |
 |
 |
 |
 |
|
Ga2-9 |
Ga2-10
(40) |
Ga2-11 |
Ga2-12 |
|
Mash-mashu-sha-Risū-9
(Twins of the Shepherd ?)
θ
Gemini (103.0), ψ8 Aurigae (103.2),
ALHENA
= γ Gemini
(103.8), ψ9 Aurigae (103.9) |
ADARA
(Virgin)
= ε Canis Majoris
(104.8) |
ω Gemini
(105.4),
ALZIRR
= ξ Gemini
(105.7),
MULIPHEIN = γ Canis Majoris
(105.8),
MEKBUDA
= ζ Gemini
(105.9) |
7h
(106.5)
no
star listed (106) |
|
July 2 |
(*104 =
8 * 13) |
4 (185) |
5 |
|
ºJune 28 |
29
(*100) |
SIRIUS |
ºJuly 1
(182) |
|
NAKSHATRA DATES: |
|
OCTOBER
29 |
30 (303) |
31
(*224) |
NOVEMBER
1 |
|
χ Oct. (286.0),
AIN AL
RAMI = ν Sagittarii
(286.2), υ Draconis
(286.4), δ Lyrae (286.3),
κ
Pavonis (286.5),
ALYA = θ Serpentis
(286.6) |
ξ Sagittarii (287.1),
ω Pavonis
(287.3), ε Aquilae, ε Cor. Austr.,
SULAPHAT
= γ Lyrae
(287.4), λ Lyrae (287.7),
ASCELLA
= ζ Sagittarii, BERED = i Aquilae (Ant.)
(287.9) |
Al
Na'ām-18 /
Uttara Ashadha-21
NUNKI
= σ Sagittarii
(288.4), ζ Cor. Austr. (288.5),
MANUBRIUM = ο Sagittarii
(288.8), ζ
Aquilae (288.9) |
19h
(289.2)
λ Aquilae (Ant.)
(289.1), γ Cor. Austr (289.3),
τ Sagittarii
(289.4), ι Lyrae (289.5), δ Cor. Austr. (289.8)
|
|
January
1 |
2 |
3 (368) |
4 |
|
°December 28 |
29 |
30 (364) |
31 |
|
242 |
|
NOVEMBER 19 |
20
(324) |
21 |
22 |
23 |
24
(*248) |
179 |
 |
 |
 |
 |
 |
 |
|
Gb1-14 |
Gb1-15 |
Gb1-16 |
Gb1-17 |
Gb1-18 |
Gb1-19 (248) |
|
GREDI
= α Capricorni
(307.2), σ Capricorni
(307.5),
ALSHAT
= ν Capricorni
(307.9) |
Al Sa’d al Dhabih-20 /
Ox /
Herd Boy-9
DABIH = β
Capricorni
(308.0), κ Sagittarii
(308.1),
SADIR = γ Cygni
(308.4),
PEACOCK
= α Pavonis
(308.7) |
MINTAKA (δ Orionis) |
ALNILAM (ε Orionis) |
ALNILAK (ζ Orionis) |
ROTANEV = β
Delphini,
ι Delphini (312.3), τ Capricorni (312.6), κ
Delphini (312.7),
SVALOCIN =
α
Delphini,
υ Capricorni, υ Pavonis (312.8) |
|
OKUL = π
Capricorni
(309.6),
BOS = ρ
Capricorni
(309.9)
ARNEB (α Leporis)
|
ο
Capricorni (310.2), θ Cephei (310.5)
HEKA (λ
Orionis) |
ROTTEN MELON =
ε Delphini,
φ Pavonis (311.2), η Delphini (311.4), ζ
Delphini, ρ Pavonis (311.7)
PHAKT
(α Columbae)
|
|
'December 26 |
27 |
28 |
29 |
30
(364) |
31
(*285) |
|
NAKSHATRA DATES: |
|
MAY
20 (*60) |
21 |
22 |
23 |
24 (*64) |
25 |
|
AL
TARF (End)
= β Cancri
(124.3)
RAS
ALGETHI (α Herculis)
|
χ Cancri (125.2),
BRIGHT FIRE
= λ Cancri
(125.4) |
AVIOR = ε
Carinae
(126.4), φ
Cancri (126.8) |
ο Ursa Majoris
(127.4) |
Pushya-8
υ Cancri (128.1),
θ CANCRI
(128.2) |
Āshleshā-9 /
Willow-24
π¹ Ursa Majoris,
δ HYDRAE (129.6),
AL
MINHAR AL
SHUJĀ = σ Hydrae,
MUSEIDA
= π² Ursae Majoris
(129.9)
RAS
ALHAGUE (α Ophiuchi)
|
|
'June 26 (177) |
27 |
28 |
29
(*100) |
SIRIUS |
'July 1 |
 |
 |
 |
 |
 |
 |
|
Ga3-1 |
Ga3-2 (61) |
Ga3-3 |
Ga3-4 |
Ga3-5 |
Ga3-6 |
|
184 |
|
MAY 23 (*428 = 2 * 214) |
24 (*64) |
25 (145) |
26 (2 * 73) |
40 |
1 |
 |
 |
 |
 |
|
Gb7-18 (428) |
Gb7-19 (200) |
Gb7-20 (136 + 5 * 13) |
Gb7-21 |
|
|
|
|
 |
|
(63 = 428 - 365) |
Ga3-5 |
Ga3-6 |
Ga3-7 |
|
ο Ursa Majoris (127.4) |
Pushya-8
υ Cancri (128.1),
θ CANCRI
(128.2) |
Āshleshā-9 /
Willow-24
π¹ Ursa Majoris,
δ Hydrae (129.6),
AL
MINHAR AL
SHUJĀ = σ Hydrae,
MUSEIDA
= π² Ursae Majoris
(129.9)
RAS ALHAGUE (α Ophiuchi)
|
Al Nathrah-6
BEEHIVE
= ε
Cancri,
η Pyxidis
(130.4),
XESTUS
= ο Velorum
(130.5),
ζ Pyxidis
(130.7),
ASCELLUS BOREALIS
= γ Cancri,
β Pyxidis
(130.9) |
|
July 26 |
27 (*128 = *64 * 2) |
28 (145 + 64) |
29 (210 = 7 * 30) |
|
ºJuly
22 (π) |
23 |
24 |
25 |
|
NAKSHATRA DATES: |
|
NOVEMBER 21 (325) |
22 (144 + 182) |
23 (*65 + 182) |
(*248 = *431 - 183) |
MINTAKA (δ
Orionis) |
ALNILAM (ε
Orionis) |
ALNILAK (ζ
Orionis) |
ROTANEV = β
Delphini,
ι Delphini (312.3), τ Capricorni (312.6), κ
Delphini (312.7),
SVALOCIN =
α
Delphini,
υ Capricorni, υ Pavonis (312.8) |
|
OKUL = π
Capricorni
(309.6),
BOS = ρ
Capricorni
(309.9)
ARNEB (α Leporis)
|
ο Capricorni
(310.2), θ Cephei (310.5)
HEKA (λ
Orionis)
|
ROTTEN
MELON = ε Delphini,
φ Pavonis (311.2), η Delphini (311.4), ζ
Delphini, ρ Pavonis (311.7)
PHAKT (α
Columbae) |
|
January
24 |
25 |
26 |
27 (392) |
|
45 |
... 242 + 1 + 184 + 45 = 472 = 16 *
29½. Anciently hakaturou in Ga2-11 was at MAY
1 (121 = 11 * 11) but due to the precession this
date had moved to ºJune
30 (181), and the difference (60 precessional days)
was probably reflected in the distance from
ºJanuary 1 up to and
including ºMarch 1:
|
DECEMBER 31 (0) |
120 |
MAY 1 (121) |
|
ºMarch 1 (60) |
120 |
ºJune 30 (181) |
The precession had moved the date
for heliacal Sirius to a position which
corresponded to the ideas connected with this
wonderful star, viz. to the last day of the
first half of the year - to the day preceding
the first day of the 2nd half of the year:
...
The Sothic cycle was based on what is referred
to in technical jargon as 'the periodic return
of the heliacal rising of Sirius', which is the
first appearance of this star after a seasonal
absence, rising at dawn just ahead of the sun in
the eastern portion of the sky. In the case of
Sirius the interval between one such rising and
the next amounts to exactly 365.25 days -
a mathematically harmonious figure,
uncomplicated by further decimal points, which
is just twelve minutes longer than the duration
of the solar year ...
And at the time of Gregory XIII
the star at the Full Moon 'happened to be'
Nunki:
...
Close to the Full Moon were Ascella and Nunki in
Sagittarius, which meant that when Sirius was at
the Sun then the Full Moon would had been where
the Sea was said to begin. At the time of
Gregory XIII this was in day 364 counted from
°January 1. Land was beginning in °June 30 and
its opposite, Sea, was originating in °December
31. 'Land' ('summer') began at the opposite side
of the sky compared to the beginning of the
'Sea' ('winter')
...
...
This [σ]
has been identified with Nunki of the
Euphratean Tablet of the Thirty Stars,
the Star of the Proclamation of the Sea, this
Sea being the quarter occupied by Aquarius,
Capricornus, Delphinus, Pisces, and Pisces
Australis. It is the same space in the sky that
Aratos designated as Water ...
Anciently hakaturou in
Gb1-18 was at NOVEMBER 23 (327) - or better, at
MAY 24 (144) when looking nakshatra wise at the
face of the Full Moon. 327 + 183 - 366 = 144 (=
12 * 12). And at the time when Sheratan rose
with the Sun, 27 precessional days earlier than
at my assumed time for rongorongo, this day had
shifted ahead in the calendar to a position
which was 64 - 27 = 37 days later, viz. to 'June
30 (181) - when Sirius would have risen with the
Sun ...
Above I have allowed the sequences of helical
stars to continue uninterruped, but somewhere there should be a
break, because clearly Polaris and Sheratan were indicated
324 days after Aldebaran. FEBRUARY 12 (408) - 84 (MARCH 25) = 408 - 84 = 435 (Gb7-25) - Ga1-4 (4) - 107 = 324.
|
FEBRUARY 9 |
10 |
11 (42) |
12
(408) |
13
(*329) |
 |
 |
 |
 |
 |
|
Gb7-22 |
Gb7-23 (204) |
Gb7-24 |
Gb7-25 |
Gb7-26 (436) |
|
ALSEIPH = φ Persei
(24.5), τ Ceti (24.7) |
no
star listed (25) |
ANA-NIA-10 (Pillar-to-fish by)
χ Ceti (26.1),
POLARIS
= α Ursae Minoris, BATEN KAITOS = ζ Ceti
(26.6),
METALLAH = α Trianguli
(26.9) |
Al
Sharatain-1 /
Ashvini-1 /
Bond-16 /
Mahrū-sha-rishu-ku-1
(Front of the Head
of Ku)
SEGIN = ε Cassiopeia, MESARTHIM = γ Arietis, ψ
Phoenicis
(27.2),
SHERATAN
= β Arietis, φ Phoenicis
(27.4) |
ι
Arietis (28.0), λ Arietis (28.2), υ Ceti (28.8) |
|
4-14
(104) |
April 15 (*25) |
16
(471) |
17
(107) |
18 (*393) |
|
°April 10 (100) |
11 (466) |
12 |
13 |
14
(104) |
|
NAKSHATRA DATES: |
|
AUGUST 11 |
12 |
13
(*145) |
14 |
15
(227) |
|
no star listed (207) |
τ
BOOTIS
(208.2),
BENETNASH
= η Ursae Majoris
(208.5), ν Centauri (208.7), μ Centauri, υ
Bootis (208.8) |
no star listed (209) |
MUPHRID = η Bootis
(210.1), ζ Centauri (210.3) |
φ Centauri (211.0),
υ¹ Centauri (211.1), υ² Centauri (211.8), τ
Virginis (211.9) |
|
October 14 |
15 |
16 |
17
(290) |
18 |
|
°October 10 |
11 (*204) |
12
(285) |
13 |
14 |
Should we draw back the star positions with 4
precessional days - in order to reach their positions in the
calendar at the time of Gregory XIII - then heliacal
Aldebaran would be at *64 and this would put the Aldebaran vaha mea
opening at °May 24 (144 = 80 + 64 = 12 * 12). Given the Gregorian
calendar was behind the structure on side a of the tablet the
position of Antares would then change from Ga1-4 to Ga1-0:
|
0h |
MARCH 22 (*1) |
23
(82) |
|
no
glyph |
 |
 |
|
Ga1-1 |
Ga1-2 |
|
HYADUM II = δ¹ Tauri
(64.2) |
Net-19
AIN
(Eye) =
ε Tauri, θ¹ Tauri, θ² Tauri
(65.7) |
no
star listed (66) |
|
May
24 |
25 (145) |
26
(*66) |
|
°May 20 |
21
(*61) |
22
(142) |
|
NAKSHATRA DATES: |
|
SEPTEMBER 20 (*183) |
21
(264) |
EQUINOX |
|
Heart-5
σ
SCORPII
(247.0),
HEJIAN = γ Herculis
(247.2), ψ Ophiuchi
(247.7) |
ρ Ophiuchi (248.1),
KAJAM = ω Herculis
(248.3), χ Ophiuchi
(248.5),
SHE
LOW (Market Tower) = υ Ophiuchi,
Tr. Austr. (248.7), ζ Tr. Austr. (248.8) |
Al
Kalb-16
/
Jyeshtha-18 /
ANA-MUA-1 (Entrance pillar)
ANTARES
= α Scorpii
(249.1),
MARFIK = λ Ophiuchi,
φ Ophiuchi (249.5), ω Ophiuchi (249.8) |
|
November 23 (327) |
24 |
25 (*249) |
|
°November 19 |
20
(*244) |
21
(325) |
And the vaha mea at Sheratan would
move to Gb7-21, to the ancient FEBRUARY 8.
... On
February 9 the Chorti Ah K'in, 'diviners', begin
the agricultural year. Both the 260-day cycle and the
solar year are used in setting dates for religious and
agricultural ceremonies, especially when those rituals
fall at the same time in both calendars. The ceremony
begins when the diviners go to a sacred spring where
they choose five stones with the proper shape and color.
These stones will mark the five positions of the sacred
cosmogram created by the ritual.
When the
stones are brought back to the ceremonial house, two
diviners start the ritual by placing the stones on a
table in a careful pattern that reproduces the schematic
of the universe. At the same time, helpers under the
table replace last year's diagram with the new one. They
believe that by placing the cosmic diagram under the
base of God at the center of the world they demonstrate
that God dominates the universe.
The priests
place the stones in a very particular order. First the
stone that corresponds to the sun in the eastern,
sunrise position of summer solstice is set down; then
the stone corresponding to the western, sunset position
of the same solstice. This is followed by stones
representing the western, sunset position of the winter
solstice, then its eastern, sunrise position. Together
these four stones form a square. They sit at the four
corners of the square just as we saw in the Creation
story from the Classic period and in the Popol Vuh.
Finally, the center stone is placed to form the ancient
five-point sign modern researchers called the
quincunx ...
|
